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2023 Supreme(J&K) 652

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JAMMU AND KASHMIR AND LADAKH AT JAMMU
Rajesh Sekhri, J.
State of J&K – Petitioner
Versus
Davinder Kumar and Another – Respondents
CRAA No. 189 of 2014
Decided On : 08-06-2023

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Petitioner: Pawan Dev Singh.
For the Respondent: Gagan Oswal.

Headnote:(A) Criminal Procedure Code - Sections 376, 511, 3, 137, 138, 540 - Evidence Act - The appeal contested the acquittal of respondents for alleged sexual assault - The indictment's crucial evidence, namely the prosecutrix and her mother's testimonies lacking cross-examination, rendered them inadmissible - Delay in lodging the FIR was unexplained, contributing to the prosecution’s failure - The court determined that the trial court's judgment was sound as it relied on evidential integrity. (Paras 1-16)

(B) Legal principles on cross-examination - The court underscored that the testimonies of witnesses must survive cross-examination to be considered credible; failure to allow this renders such statements legally irrelevant. (Paras 10-12)

(C) Reason for acquittal - The necessity for robust, corroborated evidence in sexual assault cases is paramount; the incomplete nature of essential witness statements fails to meet this threshold. (Paras 14-15)

Table of Content
1. background of the case and prosecution's allegations. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. issues with witness testimony and trial process. (Para 4 , 5)
3. court's reasoning on evidence and witness examination. (Para 6 , 14 , 15)
4. legal standards for witness credibility and testimonial evidence. (Para 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13)
5. final decision to uphold trial court's judgment. (Para 16)

JUDGMENT :

Rajesh Sekhri, J.

1. This appeal has been directed against the judgment dated 27.05.2013 passed by learned 3rd Additional Sessions Judge, Jammu ('trial court' for short) vide which respondents have been acquitted.

2. The case set up by the prosecution in the trial court, in brief, is that PW-3, Santosh Kumari, mother of the prosecutrix (name withheld) lodged a written report on 17.12.2004, stating therein that she along with her daughter were residing as tenant in the house of a police inspector namely Ajay Gupta at Link Load, Jammu. The prosecutrix used to make quilt covers in the shop of respondent no. 1 situate at Mast Garh. About 7/8 days back, respondent no. 1 asked her to drop the prosecutrix in his shop for night shift. The prosecutrix went to the shop of respondent no. 1, but was not allowed to come back. It was alleged that respondent no. 1 forcibly committed sexual intercourse with the prosecutrix and two boys were accompanying him. It is further allegation of the complainant that she went to police post, Chowk Chabutra and lodged a report. However, after some days, three persons including a police man took her to the said police post, where she was forced to enter into a written compromise with the respondents, in lieu whereof she was paid Rs. 2000/-. The complainant alleged that since her daughter has been sexually assaulted by the respondents, therefore, she did not intend to enter into any compromise. On the receipt of this report, FIR No. 238/2004 came to be registered with Police Station Pacca Danga, Jammu and investigation came into vogue. The investigation concluded that while respondent no. 1 committed rape upon the prosecutrix, respondent no. 2 made an attempt to commit the rape but did not succeed and both the respondents, in order to destroy the evidence, had thrown a bed sheet, a piece of cloth and an underwear in River Tawi on 08.12.2004.

3. Vide order dated 18.02.2005, respondent no. 1 was charged by the trial court for the commission of offences under sections 376/201 RPC, whereas respondent no. 2 was charged under section 376/511 RPC, whereby they pleaded innocence and claimed trial, prompting the trial court to direct for the prosecution evidence. For the sake of brevity, instead of giving a detailed resume of the prosecution evidence, it is proposed to refer to the relevant testimonies of the prosecution witness as and when required. The respondents in their statements under section 342 Cr.P.C. have denied the incriminating imputations arrogated to them and refused to enter the defence.

4. Having heard the rival contentions and perused the judgment, I do not find any illegality, muchless, perversity in the findings recorded therein.

5. Before adverting to the merits of the case, it is pertinent to mention that prosecutrix and her mother, the complainant were respectively examined in chief in the trial court on 09.05.2007 and 22.09.2007 however, they could not be cross-examined due to the absence of the defence counsel. Subsequently, respondents filed an application under section 540 Cr.P.C. for recalling of witnesses and learned trial court vide order dated 13.05.2009 allowed the said application and both prosecutrix and complainant were recalled for cross-examination. However, it revealed from various reports of the executing agency viz. SHO Police Station, Pacca Danga, Jammu that prosecutrix died on 07.05.2010 and death certificate in this respect was also placed on record and complainant PW-3, Santosh Kumari did not appear despite service and later could not be traced at her residential address. So in these

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