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2025 Supreme(J&K) 207

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JAMMU AND KASHMIR AND LADAKH AT SRINAGAR
Rajnesh Oswal, J.
Abdul Gani Akhoon, S/O Gh. Mohd. Akhoon - Appellant
Versus
State of J&K through Public Prosecutor - Respondent
CRA No. 10 of 2003, CrlM No. 385 of 2024, c of w CRA No. 11 of 2003
Decided On : 03-01-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant :Mr. S. R. Hussain, Advocate, Mr. Z. A. Qureshi, Senior Advocate, Ms. Moneesa, Advocate
For the Respondent: Mr. Jahingeer Ahmad Dar, GA.

In cases of sexual offences, the sole testimony of the victim may suffice for conviction only if it is clear and consistent; inconsistencies may necessitate corroborative evidence, leading to acquittal if not found.

Headnote:(A) Ranbir Penal Code - Sections 376, 366, 344 and 354 - Conviction for serious offences - Appellants convicted based on the sole testimony of the prosecutrix without corroboration and material inconsistencies in her statements raised doubts on the prosecution case - Court held that for a conviction, testimony of the prosecutrix must be of 'sterling quality' and if not, corroborative evidence is required - Trial court erred in its appreciation of evidence leading to setting aside of convictions. (Paras 22-27)

(B) Legal principle regarding testimony of victims in sexual offences - Conviction may be based on the solitary statement of the victim if deemed reliable; however, inconsistencies or doubts necessitate corroboration. (Paras 11-14)

Facts of the case:
Appellants were convicted based on the prosecutrix's testimony regarding abduction, wrongful confinement, and rape - The case involved lapses in evidence as crucial witnesses were not examined and contradictions arose in the prosecutrix’s accounts of events.

Findings of Court:
Court observed that the trial court failed to appreciate the inconsistencies and gaps in prosecutrix's testimony, rendering it unreliable for conviction.

Issues: The core issue was the reliability of solitary testimony for conviction in sexual offence cases.

Ratio Decidendi: Reliable victim testimony is necessary for conviction, but inconsistency may necessitate corroboration; without corroboration, conviction is unsustainable.

Result: Appeals allowed; appellants acquitted.

JUDGMENT :

Rajnesh Oswal, J.

1. Both these appeals arise out of the judgment of conviction and sentence dated 26.08.2003 passed by the court of learned 4th Additional Sessions Judge, Srinagar, (for short ‘the Trial Court’), whereby appellant in CRA No. 10/2003 has been convicted and sentenced to rigorous imprisonment for seven years for commission of offence under Sections 376, two years for offence under 366 of RPC and one year for commission of offence under section 344 RPC, whereas the appellant in Appeal No. 11/2003 has been convicted and sentenced to two years of imprisonment for commission of offence under Section 366 of RPC and one year for commission of offence under Section 344 of RPC. Besides, both the appellants have been directed to pay fine of Rs. 2,000/- each.

2. The appellant-Abdul Gani Akhoon has impugned the judgment and order of conviction dated 26.08.2003 on the ground that the learned Trial Court has passed the impugned judgment on the sole testimony of the prosecutrix, and her statement was to be necessarily corroborated by other witnesses, in respect of the place where the prosecutrix was allegedly confined, who was the driver of auto rickshaw etc. Precisely it is urged by the appellant that other material witnesses were not associated with the investigation to corroborate the statement of the prosecutrix.

3. The appellant-Noor Mohammad has impugned the judgment on the ground that judgment is contrary to weight of evidence and the learned trial court has not appreciated the evidence in its right perspective.

4. In nutshell, both the appellants have assailed the judgment on the ground that the learned Trial Court has not appreciated the evidence.

5. Mr. Z. A. Qureshi, learned senior counsel for the appellant in CRA No. 11/2003 has vehemently argued that there are different stories with regard to the prosecutrix going missing and the prosecution has not proved the abduction by the appellant by leading cogent evidence. He has further submitted that the prosecutrix has made contradictory statements and in view of the infirmities in her statement, the appellant could not have been convicted.

6. Mr. S. R. Hussain, learned counsel for the appellant in CRA No. 10/2003 has argued that the learned Trial Court has convicted the appellant on the sole testimony of the prosecutrix and her evidence was not of such a nature that the appellant could have been convicted, particularly in view of the fact that the house wherein the prosecutrix was allegedly confined and raped, was neither identified by the prosecutrix nor any attempt was made by the Investigating Officer to identify the said place. He has further argued that as per the prosecution evidence, both the appellants were already arrested when the clothes of the prosecutrix were seized by the police on 02.03.1997, whereas the arrest of the appellants has been shown as 05.03.1997.

7. Mr. Jehangir Dar, GA has argued that the prosecutrix had clearly deposed about the commission of offence of abduction, wrongful confinement and rape by the appellants and her sole testimony was sufficient enough for conviction of the appellants.

8. Heard and perused the record.

Prosecution Case:

9. Briefly stated, the prosecution story is that on 01.03.1997, the prosecutrix appeared in the police station-Nishat and stated that on 13.02.1997, she had gone to the house of her neighbour-Mohammad Shaban for getting a frying pan. After few minutes, Aziz Jan came on spot, shouting that she was having illicit relationship with the son of the owner of house. No one listened to her. Her husband was out of the home. She in order to get shelter in the house of her maternal aunt at Dalgate, reached near Lam, where Noor Mohammad met her and insisted her to go back to her home. Thereafter, she boarded the auto along with him and found Gani Akhoon already sitting in the said auto. She sat in between the two. She was blindfolded with her dupatta and taken to an unknown place and kept in a dark room, that was hav

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