IN THE HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND AT RANCHI
SANJAY KUMAR DWIVEDI, J.
Kashish Bhatia, D/o. Sri Suresh Mirchandani & Ors. - Petitioners
Versus
The State of Jharkhand & Ors. - Opposite Parties
Cr. M.P. No. 2164 of 2017 With Cr. M.P. No. 1596 of 2017
Decided On : 09-12-2021
Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 420/406/120-B/34 - Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 - Section 156(3) - Cheating and criminal breach of trust - Criminal Conspiracy - Quash of FIR/Proceedings - Complainant was cheated of valuable sums by the accused persons with a common intention and with the connivance of each other. Thereafter, the complainant sent a legal notice to the accused persons by his lawyer, but in spite of receipt of the said notice, the accused persons have not refunded the said amount, paid by the complainant - Alleged in complaint case that complainant booked said Flat by way of submitting the with two car parking space in residential building known as Two ICC, situated at Island City Centre. The complainant paid sum amount as booking amount through RTGS - Complainant confirmed the said booking and subsequently the accused company issued the allotment letter.
Finding of the Court: It is settled proposition of law that every breach of contract would not give rise to an offence of cheating and only in those cases breach of contract would amount to cheating where there was any deception played at the very inception. If the intention to cheat has developed later on, the same cannot amount to cheating. In the case in hand, both the parties have entered into an agreement - The allotment letter and Booking Application Form, which are quoted herein above suggest that there was no fraudulent or dishonest intention at the time of making promise or representation. It is also well settled that a given set of facts may make out a civil wrong as also a criminal offence and only because a civil remedy may be available to the complainant that itself cannot be a ground to quash a criminal proceeding - It clear that what has been observed by the Hon'ble Supreme Court is only for the purpose of disposal of that appeal. Thus, the judgment relied by the learned counsel for the opposite party nos. 2 and 3 is not helping the opposite party nos. 2 and 3 - non-compliance of Sections 154 and 156 Cr.P.C. and considering the nature of the case, which is civil in nature, the FIR against the petitioners.
Result: Petitions disposed of.
JUDGMENT :
Heard Mr. Aabad Ponda, learned Senior counsel assisted by Mr. Jugal Kanani, Mr. Varun Sharma and Mr. Mrinal Singh, learned counsel for the petitioner in Cr. M.P. No.1596 of 2017 and Mr. Nipun Bakshi, learned counsel for the petitioner in Cr. M.P. No.2164 of 2017 and Mr. Sumeet Gadodia assisted by Mr. Siddharth Ranjan, learned counsel for the opposite party nos. 2 and 3 in both the petitions.
2. In both the petitions, similar F.I.R. is under challenge and that is why both the petitions have been heard together.
3. Mr. Aabad Ponda, learned Senior counsel has argued Cr. M.P. No.1596 of 2017 and Mr. Nipun Bakshi, learned counsel has adopted his argument in Cr. M.P. No.2164 of 2017.
4. These petitions have been filed for quashing of noting of Bistupur P.S. Case No. 40 of 2017, corresponding to G.R. Case No.429 of 2017, dated 15.02.2017, registered under Sections 420/406/120-B/34 of the Indian Penal Code against the petitioners, pending in the court of the learned Chief Judicial Magistrate at Jamshedpur.
5. Mr. Ponda, learned Senior counsel appearing for the petitioners at the outset submitted that petitioner no.1 is the General Manager-Customer Relationship Management with respect to the Project and petitioner no.2 is the Assistant General Manager of the Project and petitioner no.3 is the Managing Director of the Company, who is not involved in the day to day affairs of the business of the Company.
6. The complaint petition being C1 Case No.297 of 2017 was filed by opposite party no. 2, who is represented through its constituted attorney, namely, Sri Aditya Narayan Mahto alleging therein that the complainant booked a Flat bearing No. Apartment no.801 in Two ICC, situated at Island City Centre, Dadar (East), Mumbai-400014 on the 8th Floor and accordingly paid a sum of Rs.1,95,94,431/- as per schedule given by the accused persons. It was also alleged in the complaint case that the complainant booked the said Flat on 31.08.2014 by way of submitting the Booking Application Form and booked the Apartment bearing No.801 on the 8th Floor, consisting of 4 BHK, and measuring Area 1941 sq. ft., carpet area, with two car parking spaces in the residential building known as Two ICC, situated at Island City Centre. The complainant paid a sum of Rs.25,00,000/- as booking amount through RTGS on 29.08.2014. The complainant confirmed the said booking on 15.09.2014 and subsequently the accused company issued the allotment letter on 06.10.2014. Thereafter, the complainant used to pay the installments in terms of the schedule of the agreement, but the accused company was not constructing the proposed Apartment as per their commitment and thus the Project became delayed by more than a year as such the complainant proposed to the accused persons to change the scheme in Construction Linked Plan in stead of previous 30:70 Plan. It was further alleged that after several persuasions and making correspondences with all the accused persons individually through mails then the said proposal was accepted on 09.06.2016 and accordingly mail was sent by the accused company. Thereafter, the complainant requested the accused persons to send the payment schedule in terms of the new scheme i.e. CLP but they instructed to make payment as per previous plan. The accused persons always misled the complainant and misrepresented the complainant in spite of several requests made by him. Thereafter, the accused persons instructed the accused persons to cancel the Booking of the Apartment in question and to refund the paid amount i.e. Rs.1,95,94,431/- with 18% interest till final payment of the amount duly acknowledged by the company. It was also alleged in the complaint case that the agreement entered with them was executed under the old scheme of 30:70. The said agreement has since been novated and even the said scheme has become invalid. A new proposal was given by th
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Mere breach of contract without initial fraudulent intent does not constitute an offence under IPC sections 406 or 420.
Mere non-payment in business supply transaction does not constitute cheating under IPC Section 420 absent proof of dishonest inducement at inception; such civil disputes warrant FIR quashing to preve....
(1) Section 420 IPC is a serious form of cheating that includes inducement (to lead or move someone to happen) in terms of delivery of property as well as valuable securities.(2) While breach of cont....
Main Legal Point
The court ruled that criminal proceedings based on civil disputes without clear fraudulent intent are an abuse of process, necessitating dismissal of such charges.
The Court held that the essential ingredients of the offences alleged against the petitioners are not present. The Court also noted that the dispute between the parties is essentially civil in nature....
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