IN THE HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND AT RANCHI
RONGON MUKHOPADHYAY, AMBUJ NATH, JJ.
Lalita Banara @ Patagai Banara - Appellant
Versus
The State of Jharkhand - Respondent
Criminal Appeal (D.B.) No. 698 of 2014
Decided On : 04-08-2022
Indian Penal Code, 1860 – Section 201, 302 – Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 – Section 294, 313 – Offence of Murder – Appeal is directed against the judgment of conviction and order of sentence, Additional Sessions Judge (F.T.C. V), West and whereunder appellant has been convicted for offences punishable under Sections 302/201 of Indian Penal Code and has been sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for life for offence under Section 302 I.P.C. No separate sentence has been passed for offence under Section 201 I.P.C – Held, So far as last seen theory is concerned, there are consistent evidences on record that appellant had returned with and even though appellant had returned sans child, but also had not explained as to what had actually transpired and his conduct does arouse suspicion – Prosecution has been unable to establish chain of circumstances from which guilt of appellant could be inferred thereby shifting onus upon appellant to explain circumstances leading to death of child – Benefit of doubt therefore has to be extended to appellant – Whereby and where under appellant has been convicted for offences punishable under Sections 302/201 of Indian Penal Code and has been sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for life for offence under Section 302 I.P.C. is hereby set aside – Disposed of.
JUDGMENT :
1. Heard learned counsel for the parties.
2. This appeal is directed against the judgment of conviction and order of sentence dated 10.09.2009 passed by Sri R.K. Srivastava, Additional Sessions Judge (F.T.C. V), West Singhbhum at Chaibasa in S.T. No. 313 of 2008 whereby and whereunder the appellant has been convicted for the offences punishable under Sections 302/201 of Indian Penal Code and has been sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for life for the offence under Section 302 I.P.C. No separate sentence has been passed for the offence under Section 201 I.P.C.
3. The fard beyan of Manjura Banra was recorded on 14.07.2008 at 1:00 P.M. in which he has stated that Lalita Banra (appellant) was married to Chambaru Birua about five years back. Lalita Banra had a two and a half old year son namely, Rohit Birua from her first husband. The first husband of Lalita Banra had left her about three years back and about a week back Lalita Banra had solemnized another marriage with Lebiya Sawaiya. But Lebiya Sawaiya was not ready to keep the child with him. On 07.07.2008, Lebiya Sawaiya took Lalita Banra with him, but left the child in the house of the informant. The child used to cry as he needed breast feeding. On 13.07.2008 at about 11:00 AM, the informant along with one Ramai Pingua and Rohit Birua went to the house of Lebiya Sawaiya. It has been stated that Lebiya Sawaiya went to the village to purchase Hadia and in the meantime, Lalita Banra had taken the child and gone towards the eastern side of the house. In the meantime, Lebiya Sawaiya came back and enquired about Lalita Banra and he was told that Lalita had gone out with child in her arms. It is alleged that after 10-15 minutes, Lalita Banra and Lebiya Sawaiya came back, but the child was not with them. On being repeatedly asked about the child, Lalita Banra had disclosed that the child has been killed by drowning him in the water, at which all of them went to the place of occurrence and Lebiya Sawaiya took the child out of the water. On the next day, the Munda of the village was informed about the incident. It is also alleged that Lebiya Sawaiya had threatened that if she keeps the child, he will not keep her and it was the reason for Lalita Banra to have committed the murder of her son.
Based on the aforesaid allegations, Manjhari (Tantnagar O.P.) P. S. Case No. 23 of 2008 was instituted against Lalita Banra for the offences under Sections 302/201 of Indian Penal Code. On conclusion of investigation, charge-sheet was submitted against the accused and after cognizance was taken, the case was committed to the Court of Sessions, where it was registered as S. T. No. 313 of 2008. Charges were framed against the sole accused under Sections 302/201 I.P.C. which was read over and explained to her in Hindi to which she pleaded not guilty and claimed to be tried.
4. The prosecution has examined as many as six witnesses in support of its case.
P.W. 1 – Manjura Banra is the informant and the brother of the accused Lalita Banra @ Patagai Banra. He has deposed that the marriage of his sister was solemnized with Chambaru Birua and out of the said wedlock, a son was born who was named Rohit Birua. After Chambaru had left his sister, her son started residing in the house of this witness. His sister had solemnized a second marriage in Chitimiti village and after the marriage, she went to live in Chitimiti village, but she left her son in his house. He had thereafter taken the child to her sister’s place. There were two elderly persons present in the house and her brother-in-law had gone to call someone and his sister had returned from work. The child was handed over to his sister. It has been stated that all of them were sitting when his sister Lalita Banra went somewhere with the child. She returned after some time, but the child was not with her. When everyone started searching for the child, his dead body was found in the water which was taken out by Lalita Banra and thereafter the
Murder – Post mortem report is not a substantive piece of evidence though, evidence of Doctor is.
The judgment establishes that in cases of circumstantial evidence, the absence of a direct witness does not preclude a conviction if the circumstantial evidence is compelling and the accused fails to....
The prosecution must prove the guilt of the accused beyond a reasonable doubt, and any significant doubt arising from inconsistencies in evidence must benefit the accused.
The court affirmed that the testimony of a child witness can be credible and sufficient for conviction, supported by corroborative forensic evidence, establishing homicide over suicide.
The testimony of a child witness can suffice for conviction if credible and corroborated, while the burden of proof lies on the accused to establish an alibi.
The main legal point established is the requirement for reliable and corroborated evidence to establish guilt beyond reasonable doubt in criminal cases.
The necessity of proving the cause of death beyond reasonable doubt in a criminal trial.
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