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2025 Supreme(Jhk) 732

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND AT RANCHI
Rajesh Shankar, J.
Nandlal Mahto - Petitioner
Versus
The State of Jharkhand and ors. - Respondents
W.P.(C) No.45 of 2025
Decided On : 06-03-2025


Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Petitioner:Mr. Manoj Kr. Choubey, Advocate
For the Respondent: Mr. Gaurav Abhishek, A.C. to A.G.

Revenue authorities cannot deliver possession of land or resolve title disputes without a competent court's order, emphasizing the need for judicial intervention in property rights enforcement.

Headnote:(A) Article 300A of the Constitution of India - Writ jurisdiction - Quashing of administrative orders - The petitioner's application for security for land demarcation and boundary wall construction was rejected by Deputy Commissioner, based on possession claims. The court upheld the order stating that revenue authorities cannot execute possession without a competent court order. (Paras 11, 14)

(B) Land Rights - The petitioner’s claim of possession based on mutation and historic ownership is noted. The court emphasized that while title suits confer rights, they do not enable revenue authorities to execute possession. (Paras 8, 12)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner alleges illegal claims over his land by another individual, which led to a series of administrative applications for security and boundary wall construction being denied. Historical ownership and mutation were established in favor of the petitioner.

Findings of Court:
The court found no infirmity in the Deputy Commissioner's rejection of the application, supported by reports indicating lack of physical possession by the petitioner.

Issues: The main issues addressed were the legal authority of revenue officials to determine possession and the implications of past title suit decisions in enforcing property rights.

Ratio Decidendi: The court reasoned that the petitioner’s claims require adjudication in a competent civil court, as the revenue authority lacks the jurisdiction to settle disputes over land title and possession.

Result: Writ petition dismissed.

Table of Content
1. background of land dispute and previous rulings. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6)
2. court observations on authority and procedures. (Para 7 , 9 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14)
3. claims on possession based on mutation. (Para 8 , 10)
4. no infirmity found in lower court's order. (Para 15)
5. dismissal of writ petition with liberty to approach civil court. (Para 16 , 17)

ORDER :

RAJESH SHANKAR, J.

1. The present writ petition has been filed for quashing the order dated 29th November, 2022 passed by the Deputy Commissioner, Ramgarh (respondent no. 2) in Miscellaneous Case No. 65/2022 (Annexure -4), whereby the application filed by the petitioner to provide security for demarcation of his land appertaining to Khata No.9, Plot No.118 measuring an area of area of 8.5 decimals and Khata No.9, Plot No.116 measuring an area of area of 6 decimals situated at village- Labga, P.O.- Balkurdra, Block- Patratu (hereinafter to be referred as the “said land”) as well as for construction of boundary wall over the same has been rejected. Further prayer has been made for issuance of direction upon the respondent nos.2 and 3 to provide security during demarcation of the said land and construction of boundary wall over the same, as the respondent no.4 with the help of some anti-social elements is creating disturbance to the petitioner over the said land withrespect to his peaceful possession

2. Learned counsel for the petitioner submits that the father of the petitioner had purchased several plots of Khata No.9, Village-Labga measuring total area of 2.63 acres in the name of petitioner and his elder brother Triveni Mahto from one Devaki Mahto vide sale deed no.1067 dated 27th March, 1957. The said land was also mutated in the name of petitioner and his elder brother and they paid rent to the Government for which rent receipts were also issued in their names.

3. It is further submitted that one Dhanu Mahto @ Ghanu Mahto started claiming the said land on the basis of a manufactured sale deed said to be executed by the elder brother of the petitioner Triveni Mahto in his favour on 11th December, 1959. The petitioner having come to know about the said manufactured sale deed, filed a title suit being Title suit No. 50 of 1994 which was decreed in his favour vide judgment dated 24th September, 1998 declaring the sale deed No.3740 dated 11th December, 1959 null and void.

4. Thereafter, the petitioner filed an application before the Deputy Collector Land reforms, Hazaribagh for cancellation of the Jamabandi running in the name of Ghanu Mahto @ Dhanu Mahto or his legal heirs on the basis of forged sale deed No.3740 dated 11th December, 1959 as the same was declared null and void by the learned Munsif, Hazaribagh vide judgment dated 24th September, 1998 passed in Title Suit No.50 of 1994.

5. The Deputy Collector Land Reforms, Hazaribagh vide its order dated 22nd August, 2007 passed in C.R.R. Case No. 05/2006- 07 cancelled the Jamabandi running in the name of Ghanu Mahto @ Dhanu Mahto and others including the respondent no.4-Khageshwar Mahto. The petitioner filed various representations before the respondent-authorities including the respondent no.2 for providing security so as to enable him to get measurement of the said land done and the boundary wall over the same be constructed. However, his representations were not responded by the respondent no.2.

6. It is further submitted that the petitioner being aggrieved with the said situation filed a writ petition being W.P.(C) No. 2033 of 2020 which was disposed of vide order dated 28th June, 2022, directing the respondent no.2 to pass necessary order in accordance with law after verifying the suit land personally. Subsequently, the petitioner filed Contempt Case (Civil) No.626 of 2022 against the respondent no.2 alleging wilful violation of the order dated 28th June, 2022 passed in W.P.(C) No.2033 of 2020. In the said contempt case, the respondent no.2 came up with the order 29th November, 2022 passed in Misc. Case No

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