IN THE HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND AT RANCHI
SUJIT NARAYAN PRASAD, NAVNEET KUMAR, JJ.
Nagendra Kumar Oraon, Son of Basudeo Oraon - Appellant
Versus
The State of Jharkhand – Respondent
Cr. Appeal (DB) No. 1181 of 2024
Decided On : 22-01-2025
(A) Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Section 302 - Evidence Act, 1872 - Section 27 - Conviction for murder - Appellant convicted based on confessional statement and recovery of incriminating materials, including a spade and blood-stained items - FSL report indicated no blood on spade, but matched blood on bed sheet and appellant's trouser with that of deceased - Court found prosecution substantiated charges despite lack of blood on spade - Appellant's application for suspension of sentence rejected. (Paras 1-13)
(B) Evidence - Confession and recovery - Conviction can be based on confessional statements if corroborated by material evidence - In this case, blood-stained items provided sufficient corroboration. (Paras 2-11)
(C) Bail - Standard for suspension of sentence - Appellant failed to establish a prima facie case for bail; thus, the application was denied. (Paras 12-13)
ORDER :
I.A. No. 11294 of 2024
The instant interlocutory application has been filed under Section 430(1) of the BNSS, 2023 for suspension of sentence of the appellant in connection with the judgment of conviction dated 14.06.2024 and order of sentence dated 19.06.2024 passed in Sessions Trial No. 190 of 2017 arising out of Nagar Untari P.S. Case No. 68 of 2017 corresponding to G.R. Case No. 643 of 2017 by the learned Additional Sessions Judge, Nagar Untari District- Garhwa whereby and where under, the appellant has been convicted for the offence punishable under Sections 302 of the IPC and has been sentenced to undergo R.I. for life and a fine of Rs. 20,000/- and a default sentence of R.I. for 1 year.
2. It has been contended on behalf of the appellant that it is a case in which conviction has been made not on the basis of testimony of the witnesses but by taking aid of Section 27 of the Evidence Act, since, incriminating materials have been recovered on the basis of the confession made by the appellant i.e. spade.
3. It has however been submitted by learned counsel for the appellant that as per the FSL report, no blood stain has been found on the spade.
4. Learned counsel for the appellant, in the aforesaid circumstances, has submitted that even by applying the principle of Section 27 of the Evidence Act the conviction of the appellant cannot be said to be based upon cogent evidence and, as such, it is fit case for suspension of sentence.
5. While on the other hand, learned A.P.P. has vehemently opposed the prayer for suspension of sentence.
6. It has been contended by the learned A.P.P. that the conviction is based upon the confessional statement of the appellant marked as Ext. P-6 and subsequent thereto the recovery of incriminating material i.e., spade marked as Material Ext.-I and thereafter seizure of bed sheet having blood stain of the deceased over which the dead body was laying and the trouser (Pant) of the appellant during course of investigation marked as Material Ext.-II and Ext.-III respectively.
7. We have heard the learned counsels for the parties and gone across the findings rendered by the learned Trial Court in the impugned judgment as also testimonies of the witnesses and the exhibits available in the L.C.R.
8. In order to appreciate the arguments advanced by learned counsel for the parties, this Court has gone through the FSL report marked as Ext. P-7. The bed sheet having blood stain of the deceased, the spade, and the trouser of the appellant having blood stain of the appellant have been marked as A, B and C respectively in FSL report. 9. It appears from the said FSL report that no blood stain has been found on the spade marked as B. However, the blood stain found in the bed sheet over which the dead body was laying and the blood stain found on the trouser of the appellant have been found matched with the blood of deceased.
10. There is no denial on the part of the appellant while taking a question of the Investigating Officer that the blood stain found on the bed sheet was of the deceased.
11. This Court considering the aforesaid facts, particularly the FSL report, is of the view that prosecution has been able to substantiate the charge by getting the blood stain found on the bed sheet matched with the blood stain found on the trouser of the appellant to be of same human body having blood group-A.
12. This Court, on the basis of the materials available and the facts and circumstances is of the view that appellant has not been able to make out a prima facie case for grant of bail by suspending his sentence.
13. Accordingly, the prayer of the appellant made through I.A. No. 11294 of 2024 is rejected.
14. It is made clear that any observation made herein will not prejudice the case of the parties on merit as the appeal is lying pending for its consideration.
15. Consequently, I.A. No. 11294 of 2024 disposed of.
Conviction for murder can be upheld based on confessional statements and corroborative evidence, even if some evidence is lacking, such as blood on the weapon.
The prosecution must establish charges beyond reasonable doubt; mere recovery of a weapon without corroborating evidence is insufficient for conviction.
A co-accused's confession cannot solely result in the conviction of another accused if direct evidence implicating them is absent, justifying suspension of sentence.
Conviction based on circumstantial evidence requires corroborative proof; lack of such evidence warrants suspension of sentence.
A confession made under duress cannot be considered valid evidence for conviction, especially in the absence of corroborating eyewitness testimony.
Inconsistencies in witness testimony undermine conviction; a prima facie case supports suspension of sentence pending appeal.
A conviction cannot stand based solely on circumstantial evidence without direct eyewitness testimony, emphasizing the necessity for substantive proof.
Eye-witness testimony corroborated by forensic evidence can establish guilt beyond reasonable doubt, and minor contradictions do not undermine the credibility of such evidence.
In murder convictions, post-conviction suspension of sentence is rare; courts assess evidence's prima facie durability and must have compelling justifications.
Credible ocular evidence can uphold a conviction even if it contradicts medical evidence, provided it is consistent and trustworthy.
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