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2017 Supreme(Mad) 1472

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
N. Sathish Kumar, J.
Kotak Mahindra Bank Limited, Chennai – Applicant
Versus
R. Subramanian – Respondent
Application No. 1845 of 2012 in C.S. No. 784 of 2011
Decided On : 01-02-2017

Advocates Appeared:
For the Applicant : H. Karthik Seshadri for Iyer and Thomas.
For the Respondent: Mr. Prakash Goklaney for Mr. L. Vinoth.

Headnote:

Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 - Recovery Debts due to Banks and Financial Institutions Act, 1993 - Sections 17 and 18 - Contract Act - Section 56 - SARFAESI Act, 2002 - RDDB Act - Section 17 and 18 – Debt Recovery and Monetary Laws - Bank - Default in payment of loan - Seeking to rejection of plaint in above suit - Applicant/original 1st defendant Bank is that it has advanced a loan to M/s. Subhiksha Trading Services Ltd ("STSL"), second respondent - Respondent/original plaintiff is a Guarantor to applicant Bank in respect of dues payable by STSL - As there was a default in paying loan amount, applicant/original 1st defendant Bank has filed an application in O.A. before Debts Recovery Tribunal -I (DRT), Chennai for recovery amount - It is contention of 1st respondent/Original Plaintiff that Guarantees were taken as a mere formality knowing that same were not enforceable - Held, Sections 17 and 18 of RDDB Act clearly set out procedure for entertaining application filed by Bank for recovery of loan amount - Civil Court jurisdiction relating to matters specified under Section 17 - Original plaintiff, having approached DRT as well as DRAT on similar grounds that Guarantees executed by him is unenforceble, cannot file present suit seeking declaration of said Guarantees as void - If such suit is entertained by this Court, no bank would be able to recover money from unscrupulous defaulters - Judgments and allegations contained in plaint, this Court is of view that suit is barred by Section 18 of RDDB Act - Supreme Court reported in (2009) 8 SCC 646 (Nahar Industrial Enterprises Limited vs. Hong Kong And Shanghai Banking Corporation), same is not applicable to facts of present case - In said judgment, issue was with regard to derivative contracts, which were alleged to be violation of Act, 1999 as well as circulars and guidelines issued by Reserve Bank of India - Only taking note of derivative contracts, civil Court Jurisdiction was retained by Honble Supreme Court - Court view that present suit is nothing but abuse of process of law - Application is allowed.

ORDER :

1. The 1st defendant in C.S. No. 784 of 2011 has taken out this application seeking to reject the plaint in the above suit.

2. The case of the applicant/original 1st defendant Bank is that it has advanced a loan to M/s. Subhiksha Trading Services Ltd (In short "STSL"), the second respondent herein. The respondent/original plaintiff is a Guarantor to the applicant Bank in respect of dues payable by the STSL. As there was a default in paying the loan amount, the applicant/original 1st defendant Bank has filed an application in O.A. No. 180 of 2012 before the Debts Recovery Tribunal -I (DRT), Chennai for recovery of a sum of Rs. 38,66,88,190.87. The respondent/original plaintiff has also raised the similar defence, which has been raised herein before the DRT and the same is pending consideration. Besides he has also filed interim application for discharge by raising the same allegation as has been made in the present suit and the same was dismissed. An appeal filed before the Debts Recovery Appellate Tribunal (DRAT) against the said order also did not yield result in his favour. In the above circumstances, he has filed the present suit declaring the Guarantees as null and void. According to the applicant/original 1st defendant Bank that the suit is hit by Section 18 of the Recovery Debts due to the Banks and Financial Institutions Act, 1993 (In short "RDDB"). Hence, the applicant/ original 1st defendant bank prayed for rejection of the plaint in C.S. No. 784 of 2011.

3. Denying the allegations, the respondent/original plaintiff filed a counter contending that the applicant/original 1st defendant Bank has filed an Original Application No. 180 of 2012 for recovery of a sum of Rs. 38,66,88,190.87p wherein, the 1st respondent/original plaintiff was arrived as a second defendant on the basis that there were Guarantees executed by him in respect of the loan availed by the original 2ndnd defendant, i.e. STSL. It is the contention of the 1st respondent/Original Plaintiff that the Guarantees were taken as a mere formality knowing that the same were not enforceable. According to the respondent/original plaintiff, the various lender banks to STSL had taken Guarantees aggregating to Rs. 800 crores from him even though all of them were aware that his net-worth was not even Rs.5 crores and there was no feasibility of such Guarantees being performed by him. As contracts not capable of being performed even at the time of being entered into the Guarantees executed by him in favour of various banks are ab initio void as per Section 56 of the Contract Act. According to the respondent/original plaintiff that RDDB Act only bars suits by banks for recovery from being filed in Civil Courts and no manner bar suits against the Banks. Hence, he prayed for dismissal of the application.

4. The learned counsel for the applicant/original 1st defendant Bank submitted that the suit has been filed to declare the Guarantees executed by the respondent/ original plaintiff in favour of the applicant/1st defendant Bank as void and unenforceable. In fact, the Bank has already filed proceedings before the DRT for recovery of the amount advanced to STSL, in which the original plaintiff has also filed interim application in I.A. No. 566 of 2010 raising the similar ground and to decide the same as the preliminary issue. Therefore, now the present suit filed for declaration of the Guarantees executed by the original plaintiff as void, is in fact barred under the RDDB Act. It is the further contention of the applicant/original 1st defendant Bank that the present suit is the abuse of process of law as all these defence can very well be agitated before the DRT and Civil Court jurisdiction is totally barred in the matters relating to the recovery of the loan. Hence, the learned counsel for the applicant/original 1st defendant Bank prayed for rejection of plaint. In support of his arguments, the learned counsel for the applicant Bank has placed reliance on the judgments rep



































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