2020 Supreme(Mad) 553
IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
S.M. SUBRAMANIAM, J.
M/s. The Cholamandalam MS General Insurance Company Limited, Chennai – Appellant
Versus
Ramesh Babu – Respondent
C.M.A.No. 2434 of 2019 & C.M.P.No. 11121 of 2019
Decided on : 02-09-2020
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant :J. Michael Visuvasam, Advocate.
For the Respondent:T.G. Balachandran, Advocate.
Headnote:
Motor Vehicles Act - Insurance Coverage - Section 147(1) - Section 166 - Personal Accident Cover - [MOTOR VEHICLES ACT, INSURANCE COVERAGE, PERSONAL ACCIDENT COVER] - The court discussed the provisions of the Motor Vehicles Act, specifically Section 147(1) and Section 166, and the nature of the Personal Accident Cover. It emphasized the contractual nature of the insurance policy and the importance of terms and conditions agreed upon by the parties. The court highlighted the distinction between statutory and contractual liabilities and the limited jurisdiction of the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal in adjudicating contractual policies.
Fact of the Case:
The respondent, owner of a Tata Indica Tourist Taxi, filed a Claim Petition seeking compensation for injuries sustained in a road traffic accident. The appellant, an insurance company, contested the claim, arguing that the respondent, as the owner of the vehicle, was not entitled to statutory coverage under Section 147(1) of the Motor Vehicles Act.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the Personal Accident Cover was contractual in nature and emphasized the importance of terms and conditions agreed upon by the parties. It held that the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal had erred in not adjudicating the legal issues raised by the appellant and set aside the judgment and decree, allowing the Civil Miscellaneous Appeal.
Issues: The main issue was the maintainability of the Claim Petition by the respondent as the owner of the vehicle, and the jurisdiction of the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal to adjudicate contractual liabilities under the Personal Accident Cover.
Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized the contractual nature of the insurance policy and the importance of terms and conditions agreed upon by the parties. It highlighted the distinction between statutory and contractual liabilities and the limited jurisdiction of the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal in adjudicating contractual policies.
Final Decision: The judgment and decree dated 10th July 2018 passed by the Motor Accidents Claims Tribunal/III Additional District Court, Kallakurichi in M.C.O.P.No.27 of 2013 was set aside and the Civil Miscellaneous Appeal in C.M.A.No.2434 of 2019 stands allowed.
What is the maintainability of a claim petition under Section 166 of the Motor Vehicles Act when the policy is a contractual Personal Accident Cover under a Package Policy?
What is the proper forum and jurisdiction to adjudicate contractual liabilities arising under Personal Accident Cover as opposed to statutory liabilities under the Motor Vehicles Act?
What are the limitations on the Tribunal’s power to award compensation beyond the terms and conditions of a contractual Personal Accident Policy?
JUDGMENT :
(Prayer: The Civil Miscellaneous Appeal is preferred under Section 173 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, against the Decree and Judgment dated 10th July 2018 passed in M.C.O.P.No.27 of 2013 by the Hon'ble Motor Accidents Claims Tribunal (III Additional District Court), at Kallakurichi.)
The present Civil Miscellaneous Appeal on hand is preferred against the judgment and decree dated 10.07.2018 passed in M.C.O.P.No.27 of 2013 on the file of the Motor Accidents Claims Tribunal, III Additional District Court, Kallakurichi.
2. M/s.The Cholamandalam MS General Insurance Company Limited is the appellant and the learned counsel appearing on behalf of the appellant pleaded the facts by stating that on 15.06.2011, at about 06.00 a.m., while the respondent/owner was driving the Tata Indica Tourist Taxi TN-32-L-8595 from Tiruvannamalai to Kallakurichi Main Road, near Vanapuram, due to unavoidable reasons, dashed against the palm tree on the roadside, resulted in the road traffic accident. The respondent is the owner of Tata Indica Tourist Taxi. Thus, the facts admitted is that the respondent, who is the owner of the vehicle, hit against the palm tree on the road side, resulted in an accident.
3. The respondent/claimant filed the Claim Petition under Section 163 of the Motor Vehicles Act, seeking a compensation of Rs.2,00,000/-(Rupees Two Lakhs only) from the appellant/Insurance company. The contention of the respondent was that he sustained grievous injuries due to the road traffic accident occurred on 15.06.2011. The Claim Petition was filed only against the appellant/Insurance company as the respondent car was insured with the appellant/Insurance company. The appellant has defended the Claim Petition, categorically stating that the respondent/claimant being the owner of the vehicle bearing Regn.No.TN-32-L-8595, is not a third party and therefore, there is no statutory coverage is provided in terms of Section 147(1) of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988. The respondent/claimant being the owner of the vehicle, which met with an accident, cannot be construed as a third party nor the claim is covered under the statute with reference to Section 147(1) of the Motor Vehicles Act.
4. The “policy” issued to the owner of the Tata Indica Tourist Taxi bearing Registration No.TN-32-L-8595 covers only two kinds of risks and the same are as follows:
(1) own damages
(2) Liability only policy risk
5. The appellant/Insurance Company collected premium towards
(1) Own damage(OD)Cover
(2) TP liability cover and
(3) PA covers for owner-driver
6. Therefore, there is absolutely no statutory coverage is provided in terms of Section 147(1) of the Motor Vehicles Act and therefore, the Claim Petition is not maintainable and liable to be set aside. The Claim Petition was filed under Section 166 of the Motor Vehicles Act. However, the Tribunal has referred the Claim Petition as if it was filed under Section 163A of the Motor Vehicles Act. However, misquoting of the provision could not dis-entitle the claimant from availing the rights. Misquoting of the provisions of law would not vitiate the proceedings itself. Therefore, such a contention deserves no merit consideration.
7. The learned counsel appearing on behalf of the appellant/Insurance company strenuously contended that the Motor Vehicles Act 1988 envisages Insurance coverage for a 'THIRD PARTY', who may suffer the risk of injury, or death, due to the use of the Motor Vehicle, on a Public Place. Thus, the owner of a Motor Vehicle has to mandatorily buy a Policy of Insurance, in terms of Section 146 of the Motor Vehicles Act, which provides coverage, for a 'THIRD PARTY', (other than a party to the Contract), in respect of a bodily injury or death, caused due to use of Motor Vehicle on a Public Road.
8. The grievances of the appellant/Insurance company is that the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal has failed to appreciat