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2022 Supreme(Mad) 1154

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
T. RAJA, SATHI KUMAR SUKUMARA KURUP, JJ.
Shrutivinda Agro Farms Pvt.Ltd., Rep.by its Director - Appellant
Versus
Nova Dyeing & Printing Mills Ltd., Rep.by its Director Thakur J. Bakshani & Others - Respondent
O.S.A. Nos. 191 & 192 of 2018
Decided On : 11-03-2022

Advocates appeared:
Advocates appeared:
For the Appellant:AR.L. Sundaresan, Satish Parasaran, Sr.Counsels for M/s. Madhan Babu, Advocate. For the Respondents:R1 to R3, P. Subba Reddy, R4, M/s. R.M. Priya Dharshini, R5, A. Vikash, Advocates.

Headnote:(A) Companies Act, 1956 - Section 293(1)(a) - Agreement for sale - Suit challenging sale agreement as null and void on grounds of non-compliance with statutory provisions - Plaintiff was a major shareholder and alleged lack of consent - Court found adherence to meeting protocols and validity of sale; appeal granted for specific performance. (Paras 11, 43, 45)

(B) Specific Relief Act, 1963 - Section 16 - Plaintiff's readiness and willingness to perform contract - Plaintiff had consented to Board's decision, received part payment and sought specific performance - Case of unclean hands raised, Plaintiff's conduct seen as evasive. (Paras 39, 44)

Facts of the case:
Dispute between shareholders regarding validity of a sale agreement for company property. The plaintiff claimed the agreement was invalid for lack of due consent and the statutory process was not followed, leading to appeals against a trial court ruling. (Paras 2, 3)

Findings of Court:
No contravention of Section 293; the agreement was Vaild and enforceable. The plaintiff was effectively estopped from challenging the sale agreement due to his previous admissions and consents. The trial court erred in its findings on specific performance. (Paras 45)

Issues: Whether the sale agreement was valid despite alleged non-compliance with Section 293 of the Companies Act; whether the plaintiff's conduct barred him from claiming specific performance. (Paras 11, 3)

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled against the assertion of non-compliance with statutory provisions under the Companies Act considering the Board's resolution and the plaintiff's own admissions; it affirmed the necessity of equitable considerations in enforcing specific performance. (Paras 43, 19)

Result: Appeals allowed; ruling in favor of specific performance for the appellant. (Paras 45)

JUDGMENT

(Prayer: Memorandum of Grounds of Original Side Appeal No.191 of 2018 is filed under Order XXXVI, Rule 1 of the ORIGINAL SIDE RULES read with Clause 15 of the Letters Patent, against the common judgment and decree dated 08.02.2018 passed in C.S.No.627 of 2008 on the file of the Original Side of this Court.

Memorandum of Grounds of Original Side Appeal No.192 of 2018 is filed under Order XXXVI, Rule 1 of the ORIGINAL SIDE RULES read with Clause 15 of the Letters Patent, against the common judgment and decree dated 08.02.2018 passed in C.S.No.877 of 2005 on the file of the Original Side of this Court.)

T. Raja, J.

1. M/s Shrutivinda Agro Farms Private Limited represented by its Director has brought these two original side appeals against the common judgment and decree dated 08.02.2018 passed by the trial Court in Civil Suit Nos.877 of 2005 and 627 of 2008, respectively.

2(a). Civil Suit No.877 of 2005 was filed by Mr.Thakur J.Bakshani/plaintiff against Shrutivinda Agro Farms Private Limited/first defendant and four others seeking for a declaration declaring that the sale agreement dated 14.07.2005 entered into between the first defendant and third defendant/Nova Dyeing and Printing Mills Limited is null and void, as it is against the provisions of the COMPANIES ACT and the Memorandum of Articles of Association of the third defendant Company as well as for a permanent injunction restraining the defendants, their men, agents or anybody working under them from enforcing or acting or proceeding in any manner in future in relation to the sale agreement entered into between the first defendant and third defendant dated 14.07.2005.

2(b). Civil Suit No.627 of 2008 was filed by the appellant/plaintiff against Nova Dyeing and Printing Mills Limited/first defendant and Mr.Thakur J.Bakshani/second defendant for a judgment and decree directing specific performance of the terms of the agreement for sale dated 14.07.2005, by executing the sale deed and conveying the Schedule-B mentioned property by the defendants 1 & 2 to and in favour of the appellant/plaintiff with a consequential permanent injunction restraining the defendants, their men, servants, agents or any other claiming under them from in any manner alienating or encumbering or altering the physical features of or parting with the Schedule-B property to any third parties, except in accordance with the agreement for sale dated 14.07.2005 entered into between the parties herein, alternatively, to direct the defendants to make the payment of Rs.78 Crores as damages to the appellant/plaintiff.

3. For the sake of convenience, the appellant-Shrutivinda Agro Farms Private Limited, who is arrayed as the first defendant in C.S.No.877 of 2005 and also the plaintiff in C.S.No.627 of 2008, will be hereinafter referred to as “the first defendant”, the third defendant-Nova Dyeing and Printing Mills Limited in C.S.No.877 of 2005, who isarrayed as the first defendant in C.S.No.627 of 2008, will be hereinafter referred to as “the third defendant company”, Mr.Thakur J.Bakshani, the plaintiff in C.S.No.877 of 2005, who is also arrayed as the second defendant in C.S.No.627 of 2008, will be hereinafter referred to as “the plaintiff”, Mr.Harish J.Bakshani, the fourth defendant in C.S.No.877 of 2005 and Mr.I.Prem Watwani, the fifth defendant in C.S.No.877 of 2005, will be hereinafter referred to as “the fourth and fifth defendants”in this judgment.

4.1. Civil Suit No.877 of 2005 was filed by the plaintiff contending that he and his family members are the major shareholders of the third defendant company holding 54.98% of equity shares out of the total number of 1,23,00,000/- equity shares of Rs.10/- each and apart from the above, the plaintiff and his group of companies also brought in funds to the tune of Rs.1,64,00,000/- by way of unsecured loans for funding operation cash losses from time to time. The plaintiff is the Founder-Promoter-cum-Director of the third defendant company. Originally, the t

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