BEFORE THE MADURAI BENCH OF MADRAS HIGH COURT
S. SOUNTHAR, J.
Maruthandi Kone (Died) & Ors. - Appellants
Versus
Seeni Ammal (Died) & Ors. - Respondents
S.A. No. 1783 of 1997
Decided On : 24-01-2023
Civil Procedure Code, 1908 – Section 100 –Indian Evidence Act – Section 68 – Suit for partition – Legal representatives of deceased 1st defendant are appellants – 1st respondent herein filed a suit for partition of her half share and suit was decreed – Said decree was confirmed in first appeal filed by 1st defendant – Held, Contention raised by learned counsel for appellants that initial burden to prove existence of joint family property is on 1st respondent/plaintiff, is correct and this Court has no quarrel with said proposition – In fact, decisions relied on by learned counsel for appellants support his contention – However, in light of admission made by appellants' predecessor in his written statement about existence of ancestral properties, said decisions relied on by learned counsel for appellants will not advance his case – Second Appeal dismissed.
JUDGMENT :
Prayer:- Appeal filed under Section 100 of Civil Procedure Code to set aside the judgment and decree dated 31.01.1995 made in A.S.No.113 of 1993 on the file of the District Court, Ramnad against the judgment and decree dated 30.09.1993 made in O.S.No.373 of 1989 on the file of the District Munsif's Court, Ramanathapuram.
The legal representatives of the deceased 1st defendant are the appellants. The 1st respondent herein filed a suit for partition of her half share and the suit was decreed. The said decree was confirmed in the first appeal filed by the 1st defendant. Aggrieved by the concurrent judgments, the legal representatives of the deceased 1st defendant have come up by way of this second appeal. Pending second appeal, the 1st and 2nd appellants were dead and their legal representatives were brought on record as appellants 5 to 8. Likewise, the legal representatives of the deceased 1st respondent were brought on record as respondents 5 to 12 and the legal representatives of the deceased 2nd respondent were brought on record as respondents 13 to 18.
2. According to the 1st respondent/plaintiff, the suit properties are the joint family properties in joint enjoyment of the 1st respondent/plaintiff and the defendants. The suit properties originally belonged to Muthu Rakku Kone and he had two sons viz., Seenimuthu Kone and Vellaiseeni Kone. The 1st respondent/plaintiff is the daughter of Seenimuthu Kone. The predecessor in interest of the appellants viz., the 1st defendant and respondents 2 and 3/defendants 2 and 3 are the children of Vellaiseeni Kone. According to the 1st respondent, the suit properties have been in possession and enjoyment of the parties without any partition and the predecessor of the appellants viz., the 1st defendant, Maruthandi acted as Kartha of the family in his capacity as senior most member. It was also pleaded that since the said Maruthandi and respondents 2 and 3 failed to agree for amicable partition, the 1st respondent herein was constrained to file a suit for partition claiming her half share in the suit property.
3. The predecessor of the appellants viz., the 1st defendant, Maruthandi filed a written statement denying the averments found in the plaint. In his written statement, he contended that except suit Items 5, 7 and 8, all other items were ancestral properties. He specifically claimed that there was an oral partition between the father of the 1st respondent Seenimuthu and the father of Maruthandi and respondents 2 and 3 viz., Vellaiseeni. He also denied the claim made by the 1st respondent that Maruthandi acted as Kartha of the family. In respect of Item 7, it was contended by the appellants' predecessor that Government patta was issued to him in recognition of his possession and B-Memos were issued to him. In respect of Item 8, it was contended by him that it was his separate property, as he obtained Samasthana patta under Ex.B.25 from the erstwhile Ramanathapuram Samasthanam. In respect of Items 3 to 6, it was contended that the 1st respondent's father released his share over the same in favour of the said Maruthandi under Ex.B.2 release deed. As far as Items 1 and 2 are concerned, it was contended in the written statement that it was allotted to the said Maruthandi in an oral partition, which was referred to in Ex.B.19-Will. In respect of Item 9, it was contended that out of the total extent of 11 acres and 94 cents in Item 9, 3 acres and 60 cents lying on the southern side belonged to the 1st respondent's father and the said portion was bequeathed to the 1st respondent under a Will. The remaining 8 acres and 27 cents on the northern side belonged to the said Maruthandi and the 2nd respondent. On these pleadings, the predecessor of the appellants sought for dismissal of the suit.
4. The trial Court, on consideration of oral and documentary evidences, came to the conclusion that the 1st respondent proved her right over half share in the suit property and passed a preliminary decr
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The court affirmed that items 1 and 2 of suit properties are ancestral, and items 3 to 11 are self-acquired, highlighting the plaintiffs' burden to prove family property claims.
The plaintiff must prove the existence of a joint family nucleus to establish claims over joint family properties; mere relation does not imply entitlement.
The presumption of joint family status in Hindu law requires clear evidence to establish prior partition; the Appellate Court allowed partition of one property acquired post-partition while dismissin....
The burden of proof lies with the plaintiff to establish that the properties are ancestral, and evidence must be pleaded and proved through evidence.
Ancestral properties must be proven to remain joint family properties post-partition; otherwise, they are deemed separate and not subject to partition claims.
The burden of proof lies with the party claiming partition to establish the division of properties, and the court may allow additional evidence if vital to decide the case.
The judicial presumption of joint ownership requires proof of a family nucleus, and mere existence of a joint family does not automatically classify all properties as joint.
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