BEFORE THE MADURAI BENCH OF MADRAS HIGH COURT
ABDUL QUDDHOSE, J.
Balamurugan (Died) - Appellant
Versus
Chandra – Respondent
S.A.(MD).No.249 of 2017 and C.M.P.(MD).No.5226 of 2017
Decided on : 20-04-2023
Civil Procedure Code,1908 - Section 100 - Judgment and decree - Seeking for relief of declaration - Executed a family arrangement deed - Claimed ownership - Registered Will - Seeking for his half share - Whether evidence consistent with requirements - Held, Courts below is correct as plaintiffs on their own merit have been able to prove that subject Will executed by a genuine and a valid Will - No contra evidence has also been produced by first defendant to prove that signature of testator and attesting witnesses found in subject Will is not their respective signature - First defendant has only deposed that subject Will is a forged and fabricated document without any documentary evidence and without examining any independent witness - Will has been proved in accordance with Section 69 of Indian Evidence Act and there is also no evidence to prove suspicious execution of Will this Court is of the considered view that both Courts below were right in holding that Will has been proved by plaintiffs and is a genuine one - Appeal Dismissed.
JUDGMENT :
Prayer: Second Appeal filed under Section 100 of the Civil Procedure Code, to set aside the judgment and decree dated 10.11.2016 passed in A.S.No.6 of 2016 on the file of the Principal Sub Court, Tenkasi, modifying (partly allowing) the judgment and decree dated 07.12.2015 passed in O.S.No.252 of 2009 on the file of the Additional District Munsif Court, Tenkasi by allowing this Second Appeal.
This Second Appeal has been filed challenging the findings of the Courts below. The legal representatives of the deceased first defendant in the suit O.S.No.252 of 2009 on the file of the Additional District Munsif Court, Tenkasi are the appellants herein. The respondents 1 and 2 are the plaintiffs in the suit. The third respondent is the second defendant in the said suit. The suit was filed seeking for the relief of declaration of the plaintiffs' title over the suit schedule property and for permanent injunction to restrain the first defendant from interfering with the plaintiffs' peaceful possession and enjoyment of the suit schedule property. In the forthcoming paragraphs, the parties are described as per their litigative status in the suit.
2. As seen from the plaint, the suit schedule property originally belonged to Muthupillai and he had bequeathed the same by way of a registered Will dated 30.07.1969 during his life time in favour of Ramakrishnapillai, who is the husband of the first plaintiff and the father of the second plaintiff and the second defendant. According to the plaintiffs, Muthupillai died in the year 1973 and the Will dated 30.07.1969 came into force and the plaintiffs are in possession and enjoyment of the suit schedule property as absolute owners for more than 35 years by paying the taxes.
3. It is further contended by the plaintiffs that the beneficiary under the above said Will, namely, Ramakrishnapillai had executed a family arrangement deed dated 29.05.2009 in favour of the first plaintiff, second plaintiff and the second defendant. Based on the family arrangement deed dated 29.05.2009, the plaintiffs traced their title over the suit schedule property and claimed ownership. According to them, the first defendant, who is the brother of Ramakrishnapillai, has no right over the suit schedule property in view of the registered Will dated 30.07.1969 referred to supra.
4. However, as seen from the written statement filed by the first defendant, he denies the execution of the Will dated 30.07.1969 by Muthupillai and that Ramakrishnapillai was the beneficiary under the said Will. According to the first defendant, the said Will is a forged and a fabricated document. According to him, after the life time of Muthupillai, his legal heirs, namely, Pattammal, Subbammal and Valliammal partitioned the properties in the year 1980 and the suit schedule property was allotted to Pattammal. According to the first defendant, after the death of Pattammal in the year 1995, the suit schedule property devolved upon her legal heirs, namely, Ramakrishnapillai and the first defendant. It is further contended by the first defendant that the other female legal heirs of late Pattammal have released their shares and therefore, the first defendant as the brother of Ramakrishnapillai is entitled for half share in the suit schedule property. The first defendant has also pleaded that he has also filed a suit for partition seeking for his half share in the suit schedule property in O.S.No.289 of 2009 before the Principal District Munsif Court, Tenkasi. In the additional written statement filed by the first defendant, it is also pleaded that the suit schedule property is undervalued and the value declared in the plaint is more than the pecuniary jurisdiction of the Court.
5. Based on the pleadings of the respective parties, the Trial Court framed issues. On the side of the plaintiffs, four witnesses were examined, namely, P.W.1 to P.W.4 and four documents were filed, which were marked as exhibits A1 to A4. On the side of the first defendant, one
Bharpur Singh and others Vs. Shamsher Singh reported in (2009) 3 SCC 687
Kasthuri Bai and others Vs. V.Ashok Kumar and others reported in 2017 (2) CTC 35
The presumption of execution and attestation of a 'WILL' over 30 years old can be drawn under Section 90 of the Indian Evidence Act if produced from proper custody.
Point of Law - Section 16 (c) of the Act of 1963 provides that specific performance of a contract cannot be enforced in favour of a person who fails to prove that he has performed or has always been ....
The presumption under Section 90 of the Indian Evidence Act does not apply to Wills, which must be proved according to the specific requirements of the Indian Succession Act and the Indian Evidence A....
The presumption under Section 90 of the Indian Evidence Act does not apply to Wills, necessitating proof of execution and attestation by the propounder.
The main legal point established in the judgment is the necessity of following the prescribed legal procedures, including examining attesting witnesses, for proving a Will.
The court affirmed that a Will can be validated under Section 69 of the Indian Evidence Act when attestors are deceased, shifting the burden of proof to the opposing party.
A will must be proven in accordance with statutory requirements; the presumption for documents over 30 years old does not apply to wills under Indian law.
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