IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
G.K. ILANTHIRAIYAN, J.
S. Arun Kumar – Appellant
Versus
The Commissioner of Police, Salem & Another – Respondents
Crl. O.P. No. 9678 of 2023
Decided On : 04-05-2023
Harassment - Police Investigation - The court issued guidelines to prevent harassment by police during investigation, emphasizing the need for proper summoning procedures and adherence to Supreme Court guidelines on preliminary inquiry and FIR registration.
Fact of the Case:
The petitioner sought direction to prevent harassment by the police during investigation based on a complaint. The police claimed that an inquiry was pending based on a complaint by the defacto complainant against the petitioner.
Finding of the Court:
The court acknowledged the unfettered powers of investigation officers to conduct inquiries into non-cognizable or cognizable offenses within the framework of the Criminal Procedure Code. However, it also recognized instances of harassment by the police and issued guidelines to prevent such harassment during investigation.
Issues: The issue revolved around the petitioner's complaint of harassment by the police under the guise of an investigation and the need for the court's intervention.
Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized the need for proper summoning procedures, recording of inquiry minutes, and adherence to Supreme Court guidelines on preliminary inquiry and FIR registration to prevent harassment during police investigation.
Final Decision: The Criminal Original Petition was disposed of with the issuance of guidelines to prevent harassment by the police during investigation.
JUDGMENT
(Prayer: Criminal Original Petition filed under Section 482 Cr.P.C. praying to direct the 2nd respondent not to harass the petitioner under the guise of investigation.
1. This petition has been filed seeking direction to the 2nd respondent not to harass the petitioner under the guise of investigation.
2. The learned counsel appearing for the petitioner submits that the respondent police harassed the petitioner under the guise of enquiry.
3. The learned Government Advocate (crl.side) appearing for the respondent police submits that on the complaint given by the defacto complainant against the petitioner, petition enquiry is pending.
4. Heard the learned Counsel for the petitioner and learned Government Advocate (crl.side) for the respondent police.
5. It is the grievance of the petitioner that the respondent police have been harassing him under the guise of an enquiry/investigation and hence, has invoked the inherent powers of this Court under Section 482 of Cr.P.C.
6. An enquiry into a non cognizable offence or a cognizable offence is the unfettered powers of the Investigation Officers so long as the power to investigate/enquire into these offences are legitimately exercised within the frame work of Chapter XII of the Code of Criminal Procedure. Though the Code of Criminal Procedure empowers the Magistrate to be a guardian in all the stages of the police investigation, there is no power envisaging him to interfere with the actual investigation or the mode of investigation. It is in this background that numerous petitions complaining of harassment are being reported and filed before this Court seeking for directions to refrain the police officials from harassing the persons named in a complaint.
7. This Court, exercising its power under Section 482 of the Criminal Procedure Code normally would not interfere with the investigation conducted by a police officer. Nevertheless, it would also not turn a blind eye to instances of harassment by the police under the guise of investigation is brought to its notice.
8. In the present case in hand, the petitioners have complained of harassment by the police based on a complaint and seek for this Court''s intervention by way of a direction. The term ''harassment'' by itself has a very wide meaning and hence, what could be harassment to the petitioners may not be the same to the police officer.
9. In order to circumvent such situations, the following guidelines are issued:
a) While summoning any person named in the complaint or any witness to the incident complained of, the police officer shall summon such person through a written summon under Section 160 Cr.P.C., specifying a particular date and time for appearing before them for such an enquiry/investigation.
b) The minutes of the enquiry shall be recorded in the general diary/station diary/daily diary of the police station.
c) The police officer shall refrain himself or herself from harassing persons called upon for enquiry/investigation.
d) The guidelines stipulated for preliminary enquiry or registration of FIR by the Hon''ble Supreme Court in Lalita Kumari Vs. Government of Uttar Pradesh and others [2014 (2) SCC (1)] shall be strictly adhered to.
10. With the above observations and direction, the Criminal Original Petition stands disposed off.
The legitimate exercise of powers by investigation officers within the framework of the Code of Criminal Procedure and the court's authority to address instances of harassment during police investiga....
The Court's inherent powers under Section 482 of Cr.P.C. can be invoked to issue guidelines to prevent harassment by the police during enquiries.
Prevention of harassment by police during enquiry and adherence to guidelines for preliminary enquiry or registration of FIR by the Supreme Court.
High Court would not turn a blind eye to instances of harassment by police under guise of investigation when it is brought to its notice.
Prevention of harassment during police investigation and the issuance of specific guidelines to ensure proper procedures and adherence to Supreme Court guidelines.
(1) Enquiry into a non-cognizable offence or a cognizable offence is unfettered powers of Investigating Officers.(2) While summoning any person named in complaint or any witness to incident complaine....
Police harassment during inquiries must be addressed following established guidelines to avoid misuse of power.
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