HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
G.K. ILANTHIRAIYAN, J.
Sivagami - Appellant
Versus
Nagammal & Ors. - Respondents
A.S. No. 31 of 2011 & M.P. No. 1 of 2011
Decided On : 03-01-2024
Partition - Hindu Succession Act - Section 8 - Oral Partition - Joint Family Property - [PARTITION] - [Hindu Succession Act, Section 8] - The court discussed the claim of partition in ancestral joint family properties and the entitlement of the plaintiff under Section 8 of the Hindu Succession Act. The court also considered the existence of oral partition and its legal implications, ultimately deciding in favor of the defendants for properties other than item Nos. 1 to 4.
Fact of the Case:
The plaintiff filed a suit for partition claiming 1/3 share in the suit property, alleging denial of her share by the legal heirs of her brother. The trial court partly decreed the suit, allotting 1/6 share for item Nos. 1 to 4 and dismissing the relief for item Nos. 5 to 11. The plaintiff appealed the decision.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that except for item Nos. 1 to 4, the plaintiff was not entitled to any share in the other items of the suit properties. It upheld the trial court's judgment and dismissed the appeal suit.
Issues: The issues included the nature of the properties, existence of oral partition, maintainability of the suit, determination of the plaintiff's share, and other relief.
Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the plaintiff failed to prove her entitlement to a share in the suit properties other than item Nos. 1 to 4. It also found no evidence supporting the existence of oral partition or the plaintiff's claim for share in the additional items of the suit properties.
Final Decision: The Appeal Suit was dismissed, and the connected miscellaneous petition was closed with no order as to costs.
JUDGMENT
(Prayer: Appeal Suit filed under Section 96 of C.P.C., against the Judgment and Decree dated 29.04.2010, made in O.S.No.108 of 2005 on the file of the learned Additional District Judge, Fast Track Court No.II at Salem – insofar as it is against the appellant herein.)
1. The Appeal Suit is filed as against the Judgment and Decree dated 29.04.2010, made in O.S.No.108 of 2005 by the learned Additional District Judge, Fast Track Court No.II at Salem, thereby partly decreed the suit for partition.
2. The appellant is the plaintiff and the respondents are the defendants. For the sake of convenience, the parties are referred to as per their ranking in the trial Court.
3. The suit is filed for partition. The case of the plaintiff is that the plaintiff, the first defendant and their brother viz., Kuppusamy Mudaliar, born to one K.A.Annamalai Mudaliar. The suit properties were purchased by their father. After his demise, the plaintiff's brother was managing the suit property and also gave assurance to give her share in the suit property. However, after demise of her brother, his legal heirs viz., the defendants 2 to 9 refused to allot her share in the suit properties. Hence the suit for partition claiming 1/3 rd share in the suit property.
4. Resisting same, the defendants filed written statement stating that there was an oral partition in the year 1970 between the father and son viz., K.A.Annamalai Mudaliar and Kuppusamy Mudaliar. In pursuant to the oral partition, the father had taken cash for his share and the entire suit properties were allotted to his only son viz., Kuppusamy Mudaliar. After demise of the said Kuppusamy Mudaliar, the defendants 2 to 7 are in possession and enjoyment of the suit property. Insofar as the property item No.5 is concerned, it is a self acquired property and it doesn't belong to the joint family property. Item No.6 to 9 are concerned, they are not inexistence.
5. On the basis of the pleading, the trial Court framed the following issues:-
(i) Whether the properties are joint family property?
(ii)Whether the properties were not divided?
(iii)Suit is maintainable or not?
(iv)What is the share of the plaintiff?
(v)Cost and other relief?
6. On the side of the plaintiff, she examined P.W.1 & P.W.2 and marked documents in Ex.A.1 to Ex.A.19. On the side of the defendants, they examined D.W.1 and D.W.2 and marked documents in Ex.B.1 to Ex.B.14. On considering the oral and documentary evidences, the trial Court partly decreed the suit and allotted 1/6 th share in respect of the suit properties in item Nos.1 to 4 alone and dismissed the relief upon the partition in respect of the item Nos.5 to 11. Aggrieved by the same, the plaintiff preferred this appeal suit before this Court.
7. The learned Senior Counsel appearing for the appellant submitted that the suit properties are the ancestral joint family properties. The entire properties were purchased by her father out of the income derived from his business. After demise of her father, as per Section 8 of the Hindu Succession Act, his legal heirs viz., the plaintiff, the first defendants, her brother Kuppusamy Mudaliar and her mother are entitled to have ¼ share. After demise of her mother, in the remaining properties, she is entitled to have 1/3 share. When the suit properties are selfacquired properties, there is no question of partition between the plaintiff's father and his son Kuppusamy Mudaliar, since he could not have pre-existing right to claim partition during their father's life time. The defendants are also failed to prove that there was an oral partition between the plaintiff's father and her brother. Even assuming that there was oral partition, no revenue records were mutated as per the oral partition and no change of patta in favour of Kuppusamy Mudaliar. When the plaintiff is entitled to have share in the suit properties in item Nos. 1 to 4, she is also entitled to have sh
The main legal point established in the judgment is the requirement for the plaintiff to provide sufficient evidence to support her claim for partition and entitlement to a share in the suit properti....
The plaintiff must prove the availability of joint family nucleus to establish the properties as joint family properties.
Female legal heirs are entitled to equal shares in ancestral properties, as established in 'Vineeta Sharma vs. Rakesh Sharma & Others', and the recent amendment to Section 23 of the Hindu Succession ....
The legal rights of the legal heirs under the Hindu Succession Act, 1956, particularly Sections 8 & 15, and the validity of the Muchalika in determining the entitlement to the property.
The main legal point established in the judgment is that the nature of the suit properties as separate properties or coparcenary properties under the Hindu Succession Act, 1956 is crucial in determin....
The entitlement to share in joint family properties under the Hindu Succession Act, 1956 is contingent upon the proof of surplus income from the ancestral nucleus.
The heavy burden of proof upon the proponent of oral partition before it is accepted, as per the settled principle of law by the Apex Court.
A party claiming self-acquisition of property within a joint family must provide substantial evidence; failure to do so, combined with existing partition evidence, undermines their claims.
The court affirmed that items 1 and 2 of suit properties are ancestral, and items 3 to 11 are self-acquired, highlighting the plaintiffs' burden to prove family property claims.
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