IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
S.M. SUBRAMANIAM, K. RAJASEKAR, JJ.
N. Vasudevan – Petitioner
Versus
The Registrar General, High Court of Judicature at Madras – Respondent
W.P. No. 3291 of 2024
Decided On : 25-03-2024
Seniority - Civil Judge - Tamil Nadu Government Servants (Conditions of Service) Act, 2016, Section 40
Fact of the Case:
The petitioner sought restoration of his seniority in the post of Civil Judge (Junior Division) and Senior Division, claiming that his promotion was deferred due to disciplinary proceedings. The respondent opposed, stating that the petitioner's seniority was revised as per the rules.
Finding of the Court:
The court held that the petitioner's seniority was correctly fixed as per the rules and that retrospective seniority cannot be granted when the petitioner had not served in the post of Civil Judge (Senior Division). The court dismissed the writ petition.
Issues: The main issue was the restoration of the petitioner's seniority in the cadre of Civil Judge and the consequential impact on his further promotion to the post of District Judge.
Ratio Decidendi: The court relied on the Tamil Nadu Government Servants (Conditions of Service) Act, 2016, Section 40, which governs seniority in service as per the rule of reservation and the order of rotation. The court emphasized that seniority cannot be given retrospectively unless expressly provided by the relevant Service Rules.
Final Decision: The court dismissed the writ petition, stating that the petitioner's seniority was correctly fixed as per the rules and that retrospective seniority cannot be granted when the petitioner had not served in the post of Civil Judge (Senior Division).
ORDER :
Prayer: Writ Petition filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India for issuance of a Writ of Certiorarified Mandamus, calling upon the records of the respondent pertaining to the Office Memorandum in R.O.C. No. 98240/2023/B/Spl.Cell, dated 12.12.2023 and quash the same and to consequently to direct the respondent hold that the petitioner is entitled for notional promotion to the post of Civil Judge (Senior Division) with effect from 15.09.2015 and grant all consequential benefits flowing therefrom, including the back wages, etc. and give effect to the judgment of this Court in W.P. No. 20449 of 2015.
1. The writ petition has been instituted challenging the Office Memorandum issued by the respondent in proceeding dated 12.12.2023.
2. The petitioner joined as Civil Judge (Junior Division) on 11.03.2009. Challenging the fixation of seniority in terms of merit ranking, the petitioner filed W.P. No. 20449 of 2015 and the High Court along with the other writ petition passed final orders allowing the writ petition as follows:
(i) The revised seniority lists as prepared in accordance with the marks obtained by the candidates recruited to the post of Civil Judge (Junior Division) would prevail irrespective of the order in which they may have been shown by the Public Service Commission or their roster positions. If two or more appointees obtain identical marks, the older or oldest in age, as the case may be, will occupy the higher or highest position between such candidates in the seniority list.
(ii) The above direction will apply only to appointees recruited to the post of Civil Judge (Junior Division) 2009 onwards.
(iii) It is needless to say that the dates of appointment are of crucial importance when preparing the seniority list, but when a common recruitment process is undertaken, all new recruits must be deemed to have been appointed on the same date and their order of seniority will be in accordance with the marks obtained in the recruitment examination, irrespective of the date of joining and regardless of the positions they occupied as per the roster.
(iv) The promotions obtained till today by candidates who have been recruited as Civil Judge (Junior Division) in or after the year 2009 will remain unaffected by this order, in the sense that no one already promoted should be demoted to a lower post.
(v) Even if the revision results in a higher ranked officer remaining in a lower post than a lower ranked officer, promotion will be on the basis of the prospective vacancy in the promotional post.
(vi) For Civil Judges (Senior Division) who may be eligible to take the limited competitive examination in future, all judges ranked higher than the last placed Civil Judge (Senior Division) who is entitled to take the examination on the basis of the time spent in the post, will be eligible irrespective of not having spent the requisite time in the post.
(vii) As far as the 2020 recruitment process is concerned, since the appointments have not yet been made, the seniority list must be prepared in terms of this order and on the basis of the descending order of marks obtained by the appointees at the recruitment examination. To clarify for all purposes, the person with the highest marks must be placed first in the seniority list and so on till the person with the lowest marks in the last position, irrespective of what slots they may have occupied as per the roster.
(viii) Any fixation or re-fixation of seniority made in accordance with law for judges recruited prior to 2009 will remain unaffected by this order.
Consequently, W.M.P. No. 15866 of 2021 is closed. There will be no order as to costs.”
3. The Special Leave Petition filed by the private-respondent was dismissed by the Apex Court. Consequently, the seniority was re-fixed and revised seniority list was published in G.O. (D) No. 1063, dated 08.09.2023. The seniority of the peti
Promotion seniority should not be altered based on delays in qualification if it complies with probation rules, affirming the importance of adhering to original seniority assignments.
Seniority once settled cannot be unsettled after a long delay, and an order given in ignorance of the terms of a Statute or a rule having the force of Statute is per incuriam.
The main legal point established in the judgment is the court's authority to direct the second respondent to pass necessary orders for the fixation of correct seniority on par with S. Shanmugam in th....
The court ruled that seniority once settled should not be disturbed, and delay in seeking relief can result in denial of such relief.
The court held that settled seniority cannot be disturbed after a long period, emphasizing the principle of res judicata and the limits of administrative power in altering promotion dates.
The main legal point established is that seniority is determined based on the date of appointment, and retrospective promotion is essential for the grant of retrospective seniority.
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