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2026 Supreme(Mad) 767

BEFORE THE MADURAI BENCH OF MADRAS HIGH COURT
K.MURALI SHANKAR, J.
Dhanapal – Appellant
Versus
State, represented by its The Inspector of Police, Velliyanai Police Station – Respondent
Crl.A.(MD)No.234 of 2023
Decided On : 09-01-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant : Mr. K.C. Maniyarasu
For the Respondents:Mr. K. Gnanasekaran, Government Advocate M/s. K. Abiya, Legal Aid Counsel.

The court confirmed the conviction of the accused for voluntarily causing hurt and modified the sentence considering the accused's circumstances, emphasizing the role of eyewitness testimony in establishing guilt.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code, Sections 294(b), 324, 326, 506(2) - Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Amendment Act, 2015, Sections 3(1)(r), 3(2)(va) - Tamil Nadu Prohibition of Harassment of Women Act, Section 4 - Conviction for offences of voluntary hurt and attempt to cause grievous hurt - Appellant attacked complainant and his mother with a weapon, causing injuries - Prosecution established prima facie case against the accused. (Paras 3, 6, 27)

(B) Modification of Sentence - Sentence reduced upon considering age and family responsibilities of the accused - Imprisonment and fines adjusted appropriately - Compensation to victims ordered from fine. (Paras 30, 31)

Facts of the case:
The sole accused had a familial relationship with the complainant and attempted to attack him, resulting in injuries. The altercation arose from familial disputes over financial matters related to the complainant's sister's husband. Eyewitness testimony substantiated the injuries inflicted by the accused. (Paras 3-6)

Findings of Court:
The Sessions Judge convicted the accused under relevant sections, acknowledging the established relationship and the nature of the attack, and sentenced him to prison and fines, which were later modified. (Paras 29-32)

Issues: Whether the conviction and sentence imposed on the accused were justified according to the evidence presented, and whether the sentence was appropriate given the circumstances. (Paras 11, 30)

Ratio Decidendi: The Court confirmed the conviction based on credible eyewitness accounts and physical evidence, while modifying the sentence to reflect the accused's circumstances, directing compensation to the victims from the fines imposed. (Paras 27, 31)

Result: Appeal partly allowed with modified sentences and compensation order.

Table of Content
1. overview of charges against the accused. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. evidence gathering and prosecution witness accounts. (Para 4 , 5 , 6)
3. defense's position and witnesses. (Para 8)
4. consideration of appeal and legal representation. (Para 9 , 10 , 11)
5. prosecution establishes community identity. (Para 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16)
6. witness credibility and time discrepancies. (Para 18 , 20 , 21)
7. medical evidence supporting injuries sustained. (Para 22 , 23)
8. court's affirmation of minor offences and legal reasoning. (Para 26 , 27 , 28)
9. sentencing and compensation considerations. (Para 30 , 32)

JUDGMENT :

K.MURALI SHANKAR, J.

The Criminal Appeal is directed against the judgment of conviction made in S.C.No.59 of 2021 dated 25.11.2022 on the file of the Principal District and Sessions Court, Karur.

2. The appellant is the sole accused (hereinafter referred as 'accused') in S.C.No.59 of 2021 on the file of the Principal District and Sessions Court, Karur.

3. The Deputy Superintendent of Police, Karur Town Sub Division laid a charge sheet against the accused alleging that the second respondent Marimuthu / defacto complainant (hereinafter referred as 'complainant') along with his mother Karuppaiyee and sister Angalaparameshwari are residing at Karuppur, Uppidamangalam Post, Karur District, that the complainant is working as a salesman in Siva Textiles, Karur and he belongs to Hindu Chakkiliyar Community, that the accused belongs to Hindu Telugu Chettiar Community, that the accused married one Kanniyammal, wife of deceased Logithasan a relative of the complainant, that the complainant's sister Angalaparameshwari was given in marriage to Kanniyammal's son Balasubramanian, that the said Angalaparameshwari has been residing in her brother complainant's house for the past one year, that the said Kanniyammal and her husband (accused herein) used to receive the salary of the said Balasubramanian, who was working in an iron shop at Gandhigram, Karur, that the said Angalaparameshwari went to the shop of her husband Balasubramanian and received his salary two days prior to the occurrence, that the said Kanniyammal came to the house of the complainant and quarrelled with her daughter-in-law Angalaparameshwari and received back the salary of her son, that the said Angalaparameshwari informed the incident to her brother complainant, who in turn, contacted the said Kanniyammal through phone and enquired about receiving back the salary, that the accused had abused the complainant in filthy language and threatened him with dire consequences, that on 27.07.2021 at about 21.30 hours, when the complainant was lying in a rope cot in the front yard of his house, the accused came there with a aruval and attempted to attack him, that the complainant resisted with his left hand and as a result, he sustained cut injuries on his left hand small finger and on his forehead, that when the complainant's mother had intervened, she received a cut injury on her left hand, that the accused threatening the complainant that he would kill him, ran away from that place and that thereby the accused had committed the offences punishable under Sections 294(b), 324, 326 and 506(2) IPC r/w Sections 3(1)(r) and 3(2)(va) of the Scheduled Caste and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Amendment Act, 2015 and Section 4 of Tamil Nadu Prohibition of Harassment of Women Act.

4. The learned Sessions Judge took the case on file in S.C.No.59 of 2021 and ordered for issuance of summons to the accused. After appearance of the accused, copies of records were furnished to him under Section 207 Cr.P.C. on free of costs. The learned Sessions Judge, on hearing both the sides and on perusal of records, being satisfied that there existed a prima facie case against the accused, framed charges under Sections 294(b) IPC r/w 3(2)(va) of SC/ST (PoA) Act, 326 IPC r/w 3(2)(va) of SC/ST (PoA) Act, 323 IPC r/w 3(2)(va) of SC/ST (PoA) Act, Section 4 of TNPHW Act and Section 506(2) IPC

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