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2026 Supreme(Mad) 830

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
R.N.MANJULA, J.
Tmt.Rekha, W/o. Senthil Kumar – Appellant
Versus
S.R.Balaji, S/o. K.Ramalingam – Respondent
T.O.S. No. 7 of 2018 and C.S. No. 766 of 2014
Decided On : 02-01-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant : M/s. Rajeshwari Karthikeyan
For the Respondent: M/s. Rajaramani for Mr. R.Suresh

The court confirmed the validity of a Will executed in a sound mind, emphasizing the challenger’s burden to prove invalidity, which was not met in this case.

Headnote:(A) Indian Succession Act, 1925 - Sections 222 and 276 - Grant of Probate - The Testatrix executed a registered Will on 17.06.2009, bequeathing properties to the plaintiff and defendant equally - Plaintiff seeks Probate post-implementation of Will - Defendant challenges Will's genuineness based on alleged undue influence and mental incapacity of Testatrix - Court found the Will to be valid, executed in sound mind, and dismissed the defendant's claims - The plaintiff proved the Will's genuineness through testimonies and documentation. (Paras 2-20)

(B) Probate - While seeking Probate, the burden is on the contestant to prove the Will's invalidity, including any allegations of mental incapacity or undue influence, which were not substantiated - The court emphasizes the importance of attesting witness credibility in validating executed Wills and the necessity for concrete evidence to dispute Will claims. (Paras 18-19)

Facts of the case:
The plaintiff, daughter of the Testatrix, filed for Probate of a given Will specifying property allocation. The defendant, son, contested the claim, asserting the Testatrix was not of sound mind and that he held a larger share in the estate via a separate Settlement deed.

Findings of Court:
The Trial Court held the Testatrix executed the Will in a sound state of mind, adhering to the requirements under the Indian Evidence Act, and found no grounds to invalidate the Will.

Issues: 1. Was the Will executed by the Testatrix in a sound disposing state of mind? 2. Is the Will genuine? 3. Is the plaintiff entitled to Probate?

Ratio Decidendi: The court concluded that the Will was a valid testamentary document, executed without influence, affirming that contesting Party did not meet the burden of proof in challenging its validity.

Result: The Testamentary Original Suit was allowed, and Probate was decreed in favor of the plaintiff.

Table of Content
1. execution of the will and nature of the properties. (Para 3)
2. claims regarding ownership and settlement deeds. (Para 5 , 6)
3. arguments concerning the validity of the will. (Para 10 , 11)
4. validity of the will and burden of proof in benami transactions. (Para 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 19)
5. confirmation of the will's execution and the mental state of the testatrix. (Para 18)
6. conclusion and outcome of the suits. (Para 20)

JUDGMENT :

R.N.MANJULA, J.

The Original Petition filed by Tmt. Rekha seeking grant of Probate has been converted into Testamentary Original Suit in view of the Caveat filed by the defendant, viz., S.R.Balaji.

T.O.S. No. 7 of 2018:-

2. The short facts pleaded by the plaintiff are in brief:-

The plaintiff is the only daughter of the Testatrix, viz., R.Selvakumari,who had executed a registered Will dated 17.06.2009 videdocument No. 111 of 2009 registered on the file of the Sub Registrar, Sembium, Chennai. As per the arrangements made in the Will, in respect of item No. 1, the son/defendant has been allotted with the eastern half portion (1350 sq. ft.) and daughter/plaintiff has been allotted with the western half portion (1350 sq. ft.) and in respect of item No. 2, the defendant has been allotted with 975 sq. ft. in the eastern portion and the plaintiff has been allotted with 1170 sq. ft. in the southern portion. However, life interest has been given in respect of the properties involved in the Will for the husband of the Testatrix. The Testatrix died on 16.01.2012 and her husband died on 14.07.2016, leaving behind the plaintiff and the defendant alone as their legal heirs. As the Will has come into effect, the original petitioner/plaintiff has filed this Original Petition seeking Probate.

3. The written statement of the defendant in brief:-

The defendant submitted that after the demise of his mother, his father during his life time, settled his 1/3rd undivided share in the suit schedule properties and one another property situated in Ranipet, in favour of the defendant through a Settlement deed dated 20.01.2014 registered as Document No.848 of 2014. Thereafter, he filed a suit in C.S. No. 766 of 2014 against the plaintiff for partition of the defendant's 2/3 undivided share in the above said properties and the same is pending.

3.1. The plaintiff remained exparte in the above suit without disclosing the alleged Will. The Settlement deed in favour of the defendant is unchallenged. Since the defendant's mother was depressed and mentally unsound, she was not in a position to execute any Will. The fact about the Will has been disclosed after five years from the demise of the defendant's mother. The Plaintiff has approached this Court with an undue delay of five years. The defendant's mother did not have any independent income to purchase the properties. It is the defendant's father who purchased all the properties out of his hard earned money in the name of defendant's mother. So, the alleged Will is not valid and the Testamentary Original Suit should be dismissed.

4. On the basis of the above pleadings, the following issues are framed now:-

“1. Whether the Will dated 17.06.2009 has been executed by the testatrix in a sound disposing state of mind?

2. Whether the Will dated 17.06.2009 claimed to have been executed by the testatrix is genuine?

3. Whether the plaintiff in T.O.S. No. 7 of 2018 is entitled to get the Probate?"

C.S. No. 766 of 2014:-

5. The plaint filed by the plaintiff in brief:-

The 2nd plaintiff is the father of the 1st plaintiff and the defendant herein. The 2nd plaintiff's wife R.Selvakumari died intestate on 16.01.2012 leaving behind her husband  and two children as her legal heirs. Item No. 1 of the suit property has been purchased under the Sale deed dated 21.08.1990 and registered as Document No. 3213 of 1990 in the name of R.Selvakumari. Item No.2 has been purchased through the Sale deed dated 24.01.1990 and registered as Document No. 811 of 1990 in the name of R.Selvakumari. Item No. 3 ha

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