SupremeToday Landscape Ad
Back
Next
Judicial Analysis Court Copy Headnote Facts Arguments Court observation
Listen Audio Icon Pause Audio Icon
judgment-img

2026 Supreme(Mad) 1173

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
C.V. KARTHIKEYAN, K. RAJASEKAR, JJ.
V. Thiagarajan – Appellant
Versus
K. Paramasivam – Respondent
AS No. 153 of 2014, CMP No. 28262 of 2025
Decided On : 20-04-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellants : R. Parthasarathy, S. Rekha
For the Respondent: Prasanth Narayanan

Agreement of sale post-partition binds only signatories' shares; lacks Karta recital or legal necessity, does not bind non-signatory coparceners' independent shares.

Headnote:(A) Specific Relief Act - Specific performance of agreement of sale - Agreement executed by vendors post-partition allotment of shares - No recital of acting as Karta or legal necessity - Held, agreement binding only on signatories' shares, not on non-signatory co-sharers with independent shares allotted under prior partition decree - Subsequent alienations by co-sharers to third parties valid absent challenge. (Paras 20, 35-41)

(B) Hindu Law - Partition - Shares allotted under partition decree become separate property - Absolute right to deal with own share - Karta's authority post-partition limited; adult coparceners with defined shares not bound by transactions lacking necessity recital. (Paras 38-40)

(C) Transfer of Property Act - Section 54 - Agreement holder has no interest in property pre-sale deed - Title holders free to alienate unless restrained; subsequent purchasers protected if no relief sought to set aside their deeds. (Para 28)

Facts of the case:
Plaintiff sought specific performance of agreement of sale dated 06.09.2006 for suit properties against vendors and their legal heirs. Vendors had received advances totaling Rs.32 lakhs with endorsements. Trial court partly decreed enforcing agreement only against signatories' shares (half share of one vendor, one-third of deceased, purchased portion of another), dismissing against non-signatory co-sharers' shares (defendants 3-6). Properties sold pendente lite to subsequent purchasers without injunction or challenge.

Findings of Court:
Agreement valid and supported by consideration against signatories only; not enforceable against independent shares of non-signatories allotted in prior partition suit; no Karta authority or legal necessity recited; subsequent sales stand.

Issues: Whether agreement binds legal heirs/non-signatories; whether vendors acted as Karta binding coparceners; effect on subsequent purchasers.

Ratio Decidendi: Post-partition, allotted shares are separate; agreement without Karta recital or necessity binds only signatories' portions. Coparceners with majority age and defined shares have absolute dealing rights.

Result: Appeal dismissed. Trial court judgment and decree confirmed.

Table of Content
1. appeal against denial of specific performance. (Para 1 , 2)
2. agreement of sale details and advances paid. (Para 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7)
3. defendants deny agreement and claim subsequent sales. (Para 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12)
4. trial issues, evidence, and witness testimonies. (Para 13 , 14 , 15)
5. trial court upholds agreement but limits to signatories' shares. (Para 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20)
6. appellant argues karta's authority binds co-parceners. (Para 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27)
7. respondents cite partition and majority co-parceners' rights. (Para 28 , 29 , 30 , 31)
8. post-partition shares are separate; agreement binds only signatories. (Para 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42)
9. appeal dismissed, trial decree confirmed. (Para 43 , 44)

JUDGMENT :

C.V. KARTHIKEYAN, J.

1. The plaintiff in O.S.No.231 of 2008, on the file of the II Additional District Court at Salem aggrieved by that portion of the judgment, wherein, the relief of specific performance was not granted as against the fifth and sixth defendants has filed the present appeal.

2. The suit in O.S. No.231 of 2008 had been filed by the plaintiff/appellant herein, V.Thiagarajan seeking a judgment and decree of specific performance against the 1-6 defendants by directing them to execute a sale deed after making provisions to discharge the encumbrance of the 7-9 defendants over the suit properties, failing which, for the Court to execute the sale deed on behalf of the 1-6 defendants and for permanent injunction restraining the 1-6 defendants from creating or registering any deed in respect of the suit property with respect to third parties and for costs of the suit.

3. In the plaint, it had been contended that the plaintiff V.Thiagarajan and the first and second defendants, K.Paramasivam, P.Bhuvaneswari and one Rangasamy, son of Kandasamy of Kandarkulamanickam Village had entered into an agreement of sale for the sale of the properties morefully described to the schedule to the plaint at Rs.3,11,000/- per acre. The terms and conditions of the agreement were reduced into writing on 06.09.2006. It was stated that the first and the second defendants and the said Rangasamy received a sum of Rs.1,00,000/- as advance from the representative of the plaintiff, Valliappa Chettiar. The agreement of sale was signed by the said Valliappa Chettiar on behalf of the plaintiff and by the first and second defendants and by the said Rangasamy. Rangasamy was the elder brother of the first defendant. The said property had fallen into the share of the first defendant and the said Rangasamy, under a compromise decree in a suit for partition in O.S.No.805 of 1992. The other properties under the agreement were also purchased by the second defendant. It was also agreed by the parties that the sale deed would be executed along with the legal heirs in favour of the plaintiff after receipt of the balance sale consideration on or before 31.10.2006. The first and the second defendants and the said Rangasamy had also agreed to discharge and clear all loans and encumbrances over the suit properties before executing the sale deed.

4. It was also contended that the first and second defendants and Rangasamy received an additional part sale consideration of Rs.2,50,000/- in cash on 01.11.2006. They also made entries in the agreement of sale on 21.09.2006 and on 01.11.2006. The time for executing the sale deed was extended till 31.01.2007. It was contended that efforts were taken by them to clear the existing debts. The plaintiff claimed that he was always ready and willing to perform his part of the agreement.

5. Thereafter, the first and second defendants and Rangasamy received a further advance of Rs.50,000/- on 06.12.2006 and a further sum of Rs.10,00,000/- by demand draft on 08.12.2006 towards the part repayment of the existing loan and to settle Indian Overseas Bank which had initiated steps under the SARFAESI Act to recover dues from the fifth defendant. Necessary endorsements were a

Click Here to Read the rest of this document
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
SupremeToday Portrait Ad
supreme today icon
logo-black

An indispensable Tool for Legal Professionals, Endorsed by Various High Court and Judicial Officers

Please visit our Training & Support
Center or Contact Us for assistance

qr

Scan Me!

India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!

For Daily Legal Updates, Join us on :

whatsapp-icon Back to top