JAGANNADHADAS, C. J.

( 1 ) THESE four proceedings arise out of rules issued against certain persons for having committed contempt of this Court by publication of certain news items and articles in newspapers. To elucidate the background of these proceedings, it is necessary to state a few preliminary facts.

( 2 ) IN the month of April, 1951, there were examinations held at Cuttack by the utkal University for the 'm. B. B. S. degree. These proceedings arise out of examinations for the 1st year M. B. B. S. students. The Board of Examiners submitted their results to the Syndicate on the 21st of April. The Vice- chancellor of the University had information two days earlier, that is on the 19th April, that some questions in the written paper for the examination in anatomy of the said 1st M. B. B. S. held on the 9th April, had leaked out. At a meeting of the Syndicate on the 21st April, the inform-mation received about the leakage of the question in the written Anatomy paper was considered by the syndicate. The Syndicate decided to cancel the results in the Anatomy examination and to have fresh examination in that subject. As against this decision of the Syndicate, the students affecte