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2024 Supreme(Ori) 417

THE HIGH COURT OF ORISSA AT CUTTACK
SIBO SANKAR MISHRA, J.
Rabindra Panigrahi - Petitioner
Versus
State of Orissa & others - Opp. Parties
CRLREV No.544 of 2011
Decided On : 15-04-2024

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Petitioner:Mr. A.B. Acharya, Mr. D. Panda, Advocate
For the Opp. Party : Mr. B.K. Ragada

The court held that insufficient evidence of intent to cause death led to the acquittal of the accused from serious charges while affirming some convictions based on the established facts.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 307, 324, 326, 341, 34 - Acquittal of accused - Appeal against acquittal challenging the order that set aside the conviction and sentence of accused for attempted murder - Prosecution failed to prove intent to kill as key witnesses lacked credibility and direct observation - Appellate Court modified sentences based on lack of evidence, but upheld some convictions. (Paras 4, 6, 13, 14, 15)

(B) Criminal procedure - Sentencing and Its Implications - The principle of justice and the necessity to reassess sentences over time highlight the evolving nature of punishment, taking into account changes in circumstances since the incident. (Paras 14, 15)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner, an informant, appealed the acquittal of accused persons from charges under IPC sections including attempted murder after an incident of violent assault on the victim, Sridhar Panigrahi, which resulted in grievous injuries. The trial court initially convicted the accused and handed down a sentence, which was then appealed, leading to a partial acquittal and reduced sentences by the appellate court.

Findings of Court:
The appellate court found insufficient evidence of intent to murder and reduced sentences for some charges while enhancing fines, reflecting on the long-standing nature of the case and changing circumstances over time.

Issues: The key issues pertain to whether the evidence presented warranted conviction under Section 307 and the appropriateness of the sentences imposed given the accusations against the defendants.

Ratio Decidendi: The court noted that the prosecution did not satisfactorily establish the intent to kill among the accused, emphasizing the cautious approach required in light of witness credibility and the evolving context of social justice and sentencing.

Result: Criminal Revision partly allowed; sentences adjusted.

Table of Content
1. overview of charges and initial judicial proceedings (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5)
2. summary of trial court judgments and sentences (Para 6 , 7 , 8)
3. informant's challenge to appellate judgments (Para 9 , 10)
4. appellate court's reasoning on acquittals and convictions (Para 12 , 13)
5. final sentence enhancement and case closure (Para 14 , 15 , 16)

JUDGMENT :

S.S. Mishra, J.

The present Criminal Revision has been filed by the petitioner, who was the informant, challenging the order of acquittal passed by the learned Additional Sessions Judge (FTC-I), Bhadrak in Criminal Appeal Nos.08 & 09 of 2004 against all the accused persons for the offence charged under Section 307 of the IPC and also by questioning the sentence awarded to the petitioners in so far as the charges U/s 324/34 are concerned.

2. In the present case three accused persons were put to trial for the alleged commission of offences under Sections 341 /307/326/324/34 of the IPC . The three accused persons are Manmohan Panigrahi, Srinibas Panigrahi and Karunakar Mahakud.

3. The prosecution case in brief was that on 07.09.2001 at about 7.00 P.M, Sridhar Panigrahi (the injured )while returning to his house in a cycle from Charampa market through the canal road, near the bridge connecting to his village, suddenly accused persons, namely, Tika @ Srinibas and Karunakar @ Sandri focused torch to his face, he fell down from the cycle. At that juncture, accused Karunakar attacked with a bhujali, which hit his left side of forehead. When the injured was trying to escape, another accused person, Srinibash attacked with a farsa which hit his throat. Even after such assault, the injured tried to escape from the spot, but at a little distance, he was restrained by another accused person Manmohan, who pushed him. Thereafter, Manmohan left the place saying to the other accused persons “KAKA MORO KAMA SARIGALA TUMBHE TUMBHA KAMA SAMBHALA”. Thereafter other two accused persons assaulted the injured person mercilessly by means of farsa and bhujali. Both the accused persons left the place saying “TU ETHARA UPARAKU JAA, AMBHE DELHI JAUCHU”. After sometime, the injured person shouted “MARIGALI MARIGALI”. Hearing hulla, villagers came to the spot and the injured narrated the incident before them.

Thereafter, the injured was taken to the hospital for treatment.

4. The brother of the injured came to know about the incident and lodged a written report before Bhadrak (R) Police Station. On the basis of the said report, police registered Bhadrak(R) P.S Case No.178 of 2001 corresponding to G.R Case No. 948 of 2001 corresponding to S.T Case No. 99/110 of 2002 against the accused. After completion of investigation, police submitted the charge sheet against the accused persons under Sections 341 /323/326/307/34 of IPC and charge was framed against the accused persons under those sections. The accused persons were put to trial.

5. To bring home the charges, the prosecution examined as many as 11 witnesses and exhibited 8 documents. The plea of defence was that of completely denial. In proof of their plea, defence exhibited three documents.

6. The learned trial Court vide the judgment and order dated 12.03.2004 convicted all the accused persons for commission of offences under Sections 341 / 326/ 324/ 307/ 34 of the IPC and sentenced them to undergo R.I. for a period of five years for charges under Sections 307 /326 of the , to undergo R.I. for a period of fifteen days for the offence under Section 341 , undergo R.I. for a period of one year for the offence under Section 324 of the . They were also sentenced to pay fine of Rs.1,000/- each for the offences under /326 of the , in default to undergo further R.I. for three months. The sentences were directed to run concurrently.

7. The opposite party no.2 Manmohan Panigrahi filed Criminal Appeal No.8 of 2004 against the aforementioned conviction and sentence, whereas opposite party nos.3 & 4 Srinibas Panigrahi and Karunakar Mahakud have fil

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