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2026 Supreme(Ori) 363

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ORISSA AT CUTTACK
SAVITRI RATHO, J.
Simadri Nayak -  Appellants
Versus 
State of Odisha (Vigilance) – Respondent 
I.A. No. 609 of 2026 (Arising out of CRLA No. 233 of 2026)
Decided On : 23-03-2026

Advocates appeared:
For the Appellants :Mr. Susanta Kumar Dash, Senior Advocate with Mr. S. Priyadarsan, Advocate
For the Respondents: Mr. Srimanta Das, Senior Standing Counsel (for Vigilance)

The court clarified that interim confiscation requires deposit of assessed market value to prevent forfeiture, reinforcing statutory intent against corruption. This ensures accused do not retain control over proceeds of crime during pending appeals.

Headnote:(A) Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 - Section 13(2) read with Section 13(1)(e) - Indian Penal Code - Section 109 - Confiscation proceedings challenged - Proper valuation of properties for confiscation asserted at Rs.2,50,44,029/- - Appellants' disproportionate assets calculated over check period - Court granted stay subject to furnishing bank guarantee for assessed values. (Paras 24-32)

(B) Legal Principle - The court emphasized the necessity of depositing market value for described properties to avoid confiscation, noting the ratio of remission upon eventual acquittal. (Paras 22, 19)

(C) The court upheld that properties designated as proceeds of crime must be resolved via statutory provisions. (Para 20)

Facts of the case:
Appellants challenged a confiscation judgment ordering deposit of Rs.2,50,44,029/- based on findings of disproportionate assets during their service tenure. They contended inability to furnish deposit amount impacting their home.

Findings of Court:
The court held that the appellants may stay the confiscation's operation if they provide bank guarantees for specific asset values identified, enjoining careful assessment of ownerships as outlined.

Issues: The primary issues included the correct valuation of assets for confiscation compared to claimed financial abilities of the appellants.

Ratio Decidendi: The court maintained that the statutory requirement demanded upfront value deposit for properties in confiscation, aligning with legislative intent to prevent misuse of ill-gotten gains.

Result: Interim stay granted provided conditions are met.

Table of Content
1. challenge to confiscation order (Para 1 , 2)
2. details of assets and their valuation (Para 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9)
3. appellants' arguments on financial hardship (Para 10 , 11 , 12 , 13)
4. objections to asset valuation and legal provisions (Para 14 , 15)
5. respondent's stance and justification for confiscation (Para 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20)
6. judicial precedents on confiscation (Para 21 , 22 , 23)
7. statutory provisions guiding confiscation (Para 24)
8. court's analysis of financial implications and requirements (Para 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31)
9. conclusion on stay of confiscation order (Para 32 , 33)

judgment :

Savitri Ratho, J.

The appeal has been filed challenging the judgment dated 17.02.2026 passed by the learned Authorised Officer, Special Court, Bhubaneswar in Confiscation Case No. 12 of 2015 fixing the valuation of the properties at Rs.2,50,44,029/- (Rupees two crore fifty lakh forty-four thousand twenty-nine) and directing the same to be confiscated to the Govt. of Odisha free from all encumbrances. It has also been directed that the Opposite Parties are at liberty to deposit the present market value of the properties within a period of 30 days from the date of service of copy of this order and on failure to deposit the said amount, the properties in Schedule “A” and “B” shall be confiscated to the State free from all encumbrances.

2. This interim application has been filed for staying operation of the impugned judgment dated 17.02.2026 passed by the learned Authorized Officer, Special Court, Bhubaneswar (in short “Authorised Officer”), in Confiscation Case No.12 of 2015 during pendency of the appeal.

3. The Appellants have been convicted for commission of offences under Section 13 (2) read with (1)(e) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 (in short “P.C. Act”) and Section 109 of the Indian Penal Code (in short “ IPC ”) vide judgment dated 11.12.2023 passed in TR No 07/35 of 2014/2012, by the learned Special Judge, Special Court, Bhubaneswar and sentenced thereunder. They have challenged this judgment in Criminal Appeal No. 1409 of 2023 filed before this Court.

4. The check period in this case has been taken from 30.04.1987, i.e., the date of Appellant No.1 joining in State Govt. Service till 22.04.2009 i.e., date of his house search. Disproportionate assets acquired by him during the check period was found to be Rs.50, 85,958.23 p. This was calculated by adding his expenditure (Rs.27,21,694/-) to the value of assets (Rs.50,85,710/-) acquired by him during the check period and deducting his income from known sources. (Rs 27,21,746/-) from that amount.

Valuation of assets which have been directed to be confiscated by the impugned judgment as per the chargesheet / judgment in TR No 7/35 of 2014/2012.

5. The total cost/ value of the two storeyed building and the land on which it is constructed in Rayagada had been valued at Rs.41,500/- + Rs.21,58, 413 /- = Rs.21,99,913/-.

The total cost of the two plots and the two buildings constructed on them in Nabarangpur had been valued to be Rs 20,000+ Rs 2,500 + Rs 3,36,189- = Rs.3,58,689/-.

The total value of 32 gms of gold ornaments which has been given in the zima of the Appellants was assessed to be Rs.25,600/-.

The amount of cash seized and other deposits was found to be Rs.8,73,694/-.

Market Value of assets, directed to be confiscated, as per the impugned judgment in Confiscation Case no.12 of 2015

6. The market value of the land in Rayagada has been assessed to be Rs.59,75,000/ - and the market value of the double storeyed building standing in the plot has been assessed to be Rs.66,46,552/-. Total value Rs.1,26,22,552/-.

7. The market value of the two plots in Nabarangpur has been taken to be Rs 2,66,750 + Rs 26,675/- = 2,93,425/- and the market value of the two buildings standing thereon have been taken to be Rs.7,38,895/- + Rs.7,38,895/- = Rs.14,77,790/-. Total value Rs.17,71,215/-.

8. The market value of the gold has been assessed at Rs.4,54,400/-.

9. The

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