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2023 Supreme(P&H) 1946

IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
HARPREET SINGH BRAR, J.
Gurpreet Singh - Petitioner
Versus
State of Punjab - Respondent
CRA-S No.1607-SB of 2017 (O&M)
Decided On : 25-08-2023

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant : Mr. Dinesh Kumar Prajapati, Legal Aid Counsel.
For the Respondent: Ms. Ishma Randhawa, Addl. A.G., Punjab.

Headnote:(A) Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 - Section 22 - Appeal against conviction under NDPS Act for possession of contraband - Complainant as investigator against settled law - Non-compliance with statutory requirements under NDPS, including Sections 50 and 52-A - Delay in sending samples to Chemical Examiner significant. (Paras 10, 14, 17, 20)

(B) Evidence - Importance of independent witnesses in drug-related cases - Failure to join independent witnesses creates doubt in prosecution's case. (Paras 20, 21)

Facts of the case:
The appellant was convicted of possessing narcotic powder, seized during police patrolling, but alleged the recovery was planted upon him. Appellant claimed he was illegally taken from his home and recovery was not made from his person.

Findings of Court:
The prosecution failed to establish the case beyond a reasonable doubt due to serious flaws, including delayed sample testing and lack of independent witnesses.

Issues: Whether the appellant had conscious possession of the contraband and if statutory provisions of the NDPS Act were followed.

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that sections 50 and 52-A of the NDPS Act were not complied with, and the absence of independent witnesses weakened the prosecution's case, leading to reasonable doubt.

Result: Appeal allowed; conviction set aside; appellant acquitted.

Table of Content
1. factual background of conviction (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. arguments against investigation flaws (Para 6 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12)
3. court's analysis of procedural compliance (Para 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 19 , 20)
4. lack of prosecution's evidence affects case (Para 18)
5. conclusion and order of acquittal (Para 21 , 22 , 23)

JUDGMENT :

Harpreet Singh Brar, J.

The present appeal is directed against the judgment of conviction dated 13.10.2016 passed by the learned Judge, Special Court, Amritsar in case bearing FIR No.67 dated 03.06.2014 registered under Section 22 of the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 (hereinafter referred to as the NDPS Act) registered at Police Station Mehta, District Amritsar whereby the appellant has been convicted for commission of offence under Section 22 of the NDPS Act and vide order of sentence dated 21.10.2016 he has been sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for a period of 10 years with a fine of Rs.1 lakh and in default of payment of fine to further undergo rigorous imprisonment for one year.

FACTUAL BACKGROUND

2. In brief, the version put forth by prosecution is that on 03.06.2014, while being on patrolling duty, ASI Sawinder Singh (Investigating Officer) along with other police officials was present at Dhardeo Wadala Link Road, where police party noticed that one person, who was coming on foot from western side, got perplexed after looking at the police party and started walking briskly in opposite direction. He threw a polythene bag on the ground which he was carrying in his hand. Thereafter, ASI Sawinder Singh apprehended him on the basis of suspicion and on being asked, he disclosed his name as Gurpreet Singh son of Mukhtiar Singh. Before checking that polythene bag, which was thrown by accused-Gurpreet Singh on the ground, ASI tried to join an independent witness but no one came forward. Thereafter, Gurpreet Singh opened the said polythene bag in the presence of ASI Sawinder Singh, which contained intoxicant powder. A weighing machine was arranged by ASI Sawinder Singh and after taking a sample of 10 grams from that intoxicant powder in a plastic container, which was converted into parcel, weight of remaining contraband was measured as 90 grams. The said contraband was put in another plastic container and converted into bulk parcel. Both the parcels were sealed by ASI Sawinder Singh with his seal bearing impression 'SS'. Form M-29 was also prepared at the spot and the case property was taken into possession while preparing a recovery memo. Ruqa was sent to the police station through Constable Tejinder Singh on the basis of which formal FIR was registered and further investigation was started.

3. On return to the police station the entire case property was produced before officiating SHO Kuldip Singh. After verification, said SHO put the accused behind bars. Both, the sample and bulk parcel, were checked by the SHO and then he affixed his own seal bearing impression 'KS' thereon. On next day, accused was produced before the Illaqa Magistrate for authentication of the case property. Inventory as required under Section 52 -A of NDPS Act, was also prepared. On 04.06.2014, SHO Sukhwinder Singh had given both the sample and bulk parcel to ASI Sawinder Singh Investigating Officer, who deposited the same in judicial malkhana. On 09.06.2014, SI Shaminderjit Singh handed over one sample parcel of 10 gms of intoxicant powder sealed with impression 'SS' and 'KS' along with form M-29 and sample seal to HC Kuljit Singh for depositing the same to the office of Chemical Examiner, Kharar, Punjab. Sample parcel was sent to the office of Chemical Examiner duly sealed with intact seal impressions 'SS' and 'KS' and thereafter report of Chemical Examiner was received, according to which, the said sample contained Diphenoxylate Hydrochloride. After completion of investigation, challan against the accused was prepared and presented in the court. As per Section 207 Cr.P.C., copies o

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