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2023 Supreme(P&H) 2729

IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
G.S. SANDHAWALIA, HARPREET KAUR JEEWAN, JJ.
Jitender & Ors. – Petitioners
Versus
State of Haryana & Ors. – Respondents
CWP NO.11669 of 2023 (O&M)
Decided On : 01-06-2023

Advocates Appeared:
Mr. Aashish Chopra, Senior Advocate, with Mr. Bhupinder Ghai, Advocate, and Ms. Mehar Nagpal, Advocate; For the Petitioners
Mr. Deepak Bhardwaj, D.A.G., Haryana.
Mr. Deepak Sabherwal, Advocate, for the Respondent-HSVP.

Headnote:(A) Haryana Municipal Corporation Act, 1994 - Section 408A (1) - Unauthorized encroachment - Demolition orders challenged on grounds of lack of reasoning and proper procedure - The orders passed by the municipal authorities must contain reasons affecting civil rights; thereby ensuring justice and transparency in decision-making. (Paras 10, 11, 12, and 16)

(B) Quasi-judicial orders - Requirement of reasoning - Insistence on recording reasons reassures that discretion is exercised on relevant grounds, aiding judicial review and sustaining faith in the justice delivery system. - Non-speaking orders can infringe upon individuals' rights. (Paras 11 and 12)

Facts of the case:
Petitioners challenged demolition orders dated 17.04.2023 concerning unauthorized encroachments on municipal land. Previous orders were quashed due to non-compliance with procedural fairness and lack of reasoning. A prior writ petition establishing procedural deficiencies also was recorded.

Findings of Court:
The court mandated a re-examination of the petitions by the Joint Commissioner, requiring a reasoned order regarding the extent of land encroached upon and objections acknowledged.

Issues: The primary issue was the legality of the demolition orders based on non-speaking reasoning and the necessity for transparent administrative justice.

Ratio Decidendi: The court underscored the indispensable need for quasi-judicial authorities to record reasons in their decisions affecting rights, reinforcing the principle that justice must be both done and be seen to be done.

Result: Petitions allowed; demolition orders quashed.

Table of Content
1. demolition orders based on encroachment notices (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. non-reasoned orders and their implications (Para 4 , 5 , 6)
3. rights to appeal against non-speaking orders (Para 7 , 9)
4. judicial requirement for reasoned decisions (Para 8 , 10 , 11 , 12)
5. re-hearing and proper decision-making mandated (Para 13 , 14 , 15)
6. quashing of orders and final resolutions (Para 16 , 17)

JUDGMENT

G.S. Sandhawalia, J. (Oral)

The challenge is to the demolition orders, dated 17.04.2023 (Annexures P-16 to P-20), which have been upheld in the appeal on 15.05.2023 (Annexure P-22). Apparently, show causes notices were issued under Section 408A (1) of the Haryana Municipal Corporation Act, 1994, on 27.03.2023 (Annexure P-14) to the petitioners herein regarding the unauthorized encroachment of 'Khasra' No. 47, Village Dhana, within the limits of Municipal Corporation Manesar. The encroachment qua all the petitioners mentioned as under:-

Petitioners Name

Petitioners Nos.

Encroachment land in square yards

Satender & Jitender

Petitioners No. 1 and 2

94.78 square yards

late Sh. Virbhan

Father of Anil Kumar petitioner No. 3

76.98 square yards

Karambir

Petitioner No. 4

188.56 square yards

Chanderbhan

Petitioner No. 5

266.22 square yards

Kuldeep

Petitioner No. 6

69.43 square yards

2. Resultantly, the said persons were asked to appear on 03.04.2023 to show cause as to why they should not vacate the premises of building/land or building/structure constructed thereon or to restore the site to its original state. They were asked to call for the ownership documents and permission/approval granted by the competent authority .

3. Apparently, the matter was pending since long as the petitioners had earlier approached this Court by way of CWP-467-2023, challenging the demolition orders dated 03.01.2023 (Annexures P-23 to P-32 in that petition). The following order was passed on 31.01.2023 (Annexure P-25), while recording the fact that non-presence of the petitioners or their authorized representatives at the time of demarcation, in such situation, will not be a ground for taking as if the demarcation was carried out in their absence. The said order reads as under:-

"Learned counsel for the respondents submits that the notices which have been issued to the petitioners or their authorized representatives would be withdrawn and fresh notices, if required, would be issued to them and others by the competent authority by following the proper procedure in accordance with law.

In the light of the statement made by the counsel for the respondents, we dispose of the present writ petition with liberty to the respondents to withdraw the impugned order/notices which have been issued to the petitioners or their authorized representatives, and as a consequence thereof, the demolition orders which have been impugned by the petitioners in this petition dated 03.01.2023 (Annexures P-23 to P-32) shall not be proceeded with.

It goes without saying that in case, the proper notices are issued and served upon the petitioners or their authorized representatives, petitioners would be bound to appear before the competent authority at the time of demarcation, if held. Non-presence of the petitioners or their authorized representatives at the time of demarcation, in such situation, will not be a around for takine it as if the demarcation was carried out in their absence.

Learned counsel for the respondents has brought to the notice of the Court that there is a contempt petition before this Court i.e. COCP-2491-2022 titled as 'Murari Lal Sharma v. Munesh Kumar and Anr.' which is now listed for hearing on 25.04.2023 Let this fact be brought to the notice of the Hon'ble Contempt Court which shall thereafter pass an appropriate order.

The writ petition stands disposed of accordingly. "

4. Apparently, the show cause notices were based on the demarcation report, dated 23.02.2023 (Annexure P-26), keeping in view the orders passe

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