SupremeToday Landscape Ad
Back
Next
Judicial Analysis Court Copy Headnote Facts Arguments Court observation
Listen Audio Icon Pause Audio Icon
judgment-img

2023 Supreme(P&H) 2163

IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
GURVINDER SINGH GILL, J.
Kalyani Singh – Petitioner
Versus
Central Bureau of Investigation – Respondent
CRM-M NO. 8463 of 2023 (O&M)
Decided On : 08-05-2023

Advocates Appeared:
Mr. Sartej Singh Narula, Mr. Harish Mehla and Mr. Sandeep Sharma, Advocates; For the Petitioner
Mr. Rajeev Anand, Advocate for the respondent - CBI assisted by Inspector Balwinder Singh.

Headnote:(A) Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 - Sections 173 and 207 - Right of accused to access evidence - The court held that the accused is entitled to copies of both 'relied upon' and 'un-relied' documents. It assessed the procedural rights concerning furnishing of documents during investigation. The court emphasized the need for transparency in evidence to ensure fair trial rights. (Paras 11, 12, 22, 44)

(B) Rights of the Accused - Access to evidence and documents - The court ruled that withholding documents that may be exculpatory violates the accused's rights, reinforcing a principle from the Supreme Court to ensure fair access to evidence. (Paras 14, 18, 52)

(C) Investigative Procedures - Need for compliance - The court criticized selective furnishing of evidence by the prosecution and mandated the provision of all documents relevant to the case. (Paras 34, 35)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner was accused of murder, with an investigation initiated by local police and later led by the CBI. The petitioner sought access to various documents and evidence collected during the investigation. The court was called to evaluate multiple orders that denied access to certain evidence and documents on grounds of ongoing investigation and relevance.

Findings of Court:
The court found that the accused's rights to access evidence were being violated and ruled that complete access to documents, including electronic records found on a mobile phone, should be provided.

Issues: The main questions were the accused's right to access 'un-relied' documents and the timing of such access, especially prior to charges being framed.

Ratio Decidendi: The court reiterated that the accused must have access to all evidence for an effective defense, advocating for transparency and fairness in trial procedure, affirming that rights must be upheld regardless of prosecution convenience.

Result: The impugned orders were set aside, and the prosecution was directed to furnish all required documents to the accused.

Table of Content
1. petitioner’s challenge to various judicial orders. (Para 1)
2. petitioner accused of murder; investigation details. (Para 2)
3. supreme court guidance on document supply rights. (Para 3 , 4)
4. summary of impugned orders dismissing petitioner’s applications. (Para 5 , 6)
5. counsel’s argument for access to evidence. (Para 7 , 8)
6. framework for entitlement to documents in prosecution. (Para 9 , 10)
7. court outlines rights concerning unrelied documents. (Para 24 , 25)
8. court grants access to relevant documents and data. (Para 44 , 45 , 52 , 53)

JUDGMENT

Mr. Gurvinder Singh Gill, J.

The petitioner, in addition to assailing the commitment order dated 4.2.2023 (Annexure P-1), assails the following four orders passed by learned Special Judicial Magistrate, CBI, Chandigarh, all of which pertain to furnishing of copies of 'relied-upon' documents as well as 'un-relied' documents, in compliance of provisions of Section 207 Cr.P.C. :

    (i) Order dated 4.2.2023 (Annexure P-2) vide which an application dated 20.1.2023 (Annexure P-13), filed by the petitioner to unseal the record which had earlier been sealed vide order dated 27.7.2022 (Annexure P-22) and to supply copy of the same, has been declined;

    (ii) order dated 30.1.2023 (Annexure P-3) vide which an application dated 20.1.2023 (Annexure P-14), moved by petitioner seeking copies of the evidence collected by the Chandigarh Police during the course of investigation of FIR No. 374 dated 21.9.2015, Police Station Sector 26, Chandigarh, which was lodged prior to handing over the matter to the CBI, has been dismissed;

    (iii) order dated 16.12.2022 (Annexure P-4) vide which an application dated 15.10.2022 (Annexure P-15), filed by the petitioner seeking copies of documents which were found deficient or were illegible which were part of the supplementary challan filed under section 173(8) Cr.PC, has been partly declined inasmuch as legible copies of "relied upon" documents only were directed to be furnished to petitioner; the Court had, however, directed that cloned copy of electronic evidence be furnished;

    (iv) order dated 22.12.2022 (Annexure P-5) whereby the CBI Court clarified that aforesaid order dated 16.12.2022 is be read so as to mean that a soft copy of 'relied upon' data only is to be supplied to accused.

2. The petitioner faces allegations of having murdered Sukmanpreet Singh @ Sippy Sidhu on 20.9.2015. The matter was initially investigated by the Chandigarh Police but subsequently the investigation was transferred to CBI vide order dated 15.1.2016, passed by Administrator, Chandigarh. During the course of investigation, the Chandigarh Police as well as CBI police collected evidence in the shape of statements of witnesses, documents, digital data (from mobile phone and laptop of deceased). Initially, a report in terms of section 173(2) Cr.P.C. in the shape of an 'untraced' report dated 7.12.2020 (Annexure P-9) was presented in the Court of Special Judicial Magistrate, Chandigarh, by the CBI on 7.12.2020 but the Court did not treat the same as-untraced and vide order dated 14.12.2020, while granting permission to further investigate the matter, directed CBI to file fresh report upon conclusion. A protest petition had also been filed by de-facto complainant i.e. the mother of deceased.

3. Thereafter, an application was moved by the petitioner seeking issuance of a direction to the CBI to supply all the documents relied upon by the CBI while submitting 'untraced report' dated 7.12.2020 including statements of all witnesses recorded under Section 161 Cr.P.C. as well as electronic data. The trial Court, however, did not accede to the said request, while observing that investigation was still underway and that it was only upon conclusion of investigation and filing of report under Section 173 Cr.P.C. that copies of such documents could be furnished to the petitioner/accused. The relevant extract from said order dated 22.6.2022 (Annexure P-21) is reproduced herein-under:-

    " Howe

                                                                                                                  Click Here to Read the rest of this document
                                                                                                                  1
                                                                                                                  2
                                                                                                                  3
                                                                                                                  4
                                                                                                                  5
                                                                                                                  6
                                                                                                                  7
                                                                                                                  8
                                                                                                                  9
                                                                                                                  10
                                                                                                                  11
                                                                                                                  SupremeToday Portrait Ad
                                                                                                                  supreme today icon
                                                                                                                  logo-black

                                                                                                                  An indispensable Tool for Legal Professionals, Endorsed by Various High Court and Judicial Officers

                                                                                                                  Please visit our Training & Support
                                                                                                                  Center or Contact Us for assistance

                                                                                                                  qr

                                                                                                                  Scan Me!

                                                                                                                  India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!

                                                                                                                  For Daily Legal Updates, Join us on :

                                                                                                                  whatsapp-icon Back to top