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2023 Supreme(P&H) 2241

IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
SURESHWAR THAKUR, KULDEEP TIWARI, JJ.
Jagraj Singh & Anr. – Petitioners
Versus
Joint Development Commissioner (Ird) Punjab & Ors. – Respondents
CWP NO. 27167 of 2016
Decided On : 11-05-2023

Advocates Appeared:
Mr. N.P.S. Mann, Advocate; For the Petitioners
Mr. Maninder Singh, DAG, Punjab.
Mr. Aminder Singh, Advocate for Respondent No.3.

Headnote:(A) The Punjab Village Common Lands (Regulation) Act, 1961 - Section 11 - Limitation Act, 1963 - Appeal against a decree of ownership - The learned Appellate Authority allowed a belated appeal against a decree without granting the alienee an opportunity to present evidence on ownership, raising issues of ostensible ownership per Section 41 of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882. (Paras 8, 9, 10)

(B) Fair Trial - The principle of fair trial mandates that all parties must be given an opportunity to present their case, including evidence related to ownership claims. (Paras 10, 11)

Facts of the case:
The petitioners were aggrieved by an appellate order that reversed an earlier decree of ownership declared in their favor after 16 years, facilitated through a statutory appeal from the Gram Panchayat, which did not involve the alienee at the earlier stages.

Findings of Court:
The court quashed the appellate order, remanding it for retrial and allowing the alienee to present their case, ensuring due process was followed.

Issues: The court addressed whether the alienee had received a fair opportunity to contest the ownership claim, as well as the implications of the delay in pursuing the appeal.

Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized the necessity of a fair trial, confirming that the absence of an opportunity for the alienee to present their case constitutes a miscarriage of justice.

Result: The appellate authority's order was quashed and remanded for further proceedings.

Table of Content
1. ownership claimed via declaratory decree. (Para 1 , 2)
2. appeal raised after a significant delay. (Para 3 , 4)
3. binding effect of unchallenged order. (Para 5 , 11)
4. arguments on ostensible ownership. (Para 6 , 8 , 9 , 10)
5. order to maintain status quo and conclude matter. (Para 12 , 13)

JUDGMENT

Mr. Sureshwar Thakur, J. (Oral)

Maghar Singh and others instituted suit No.65/DDPO on 05.04.1995 before the learned Collector concerned. In the said case Gram Panchayat Badrukhan through its Sarpanch Darshan Singh, village Badrukhan, Tehsil and District Sangrur, became imp leaded as party-respondent therein. The above suit was instituted under Section 11 of The Punjab Village Common Lands (Regulation) Act, 1961, whereby the plaintiffs' claimed the rendition of a declaratory decree, thus for theirs becoming declared, as owners in possession of the suit khasra numbers. Through a decision made there ons, on 04.08.1997 (Annexure P-1), the title suit (supra), became decreed by the learned Collector concerned.

2. In pursuance to the drawing of the said decree of declaration by the learned Collector concerned, the updation of revenue records also occurred, thus on 28.01.1999, hence as becomes revealed by Annexure P-2. A perusal of Annexure P-2 reveals that the plaintiffs in the suit (supra), were depicted in the column of ownership relating to the suit khasra numbers, thus as owners thereof. Subsequently, it so happened, that the plaintiffs in the title suit alienated, through the drawing of registered deeds of conveyance, thus the said lands in favour of the alienee concerned. Moreover, in pursuance to the alienation, as became made to the alienee concerned, from the alienor, who were the recipients of Annexure P-1, also the attestation of mutation(s) became recorded, and, besides became entered in the revenue records, but at the instance of the empowered Revenue Officer concerned.

3. Be that as it may, it appears that after an inordinate delay of 16 years happening since the passing of Annexure P-1, the Gram Panchayat Badrukhan raised a statutory appeal bearing No.182/2013, before the learned Appellate Authority concerned.

4. Since the above appeal was time barred, as such, through a separate application cast under Section 5 of the LIMITATION ACT , the statutory appeal was explained to arise from sufficient, and, good cause, and, after accepting the said application, the learned Appellate Authority concerned, through the makings of Annexure P-10, thus allowed the Gram Panchayat's appeal (supra).

5. Today it is firmly stated at the bar, by the learned counsel for the petitioners, that the order, as, made on the application, as, cast under Section 5 of the LIMITATION ACT rather has remained unchallenged. Therefore, the affirmative order, as, made on the application, cast under Section 5 of the LIMITATION ACT , thus acquires binding, and, conclusive effect.

6. The learned Appellate Authority concerned, through the drawing of Annexure P-10 on 10.12.2015, after allowing the said statutory appeal, as raised before it by the Gram Panchayat concerned, and, which became directed against Annexure P-1 thus proceeded to, obviously set aside Annexure P-1.

7. The above drawing of Annexure P-10 has brought grievance to the alienee from the plaintiffs, whose title suit became initially decreed by the learned Collector concerned, through the drawing of Annexure P-1, but subsequently thereby the learned Appellate Authority concerned, made a reversal of the said declaratory decree, as became granted in favour of the alienor of the present petitioners.

8. The learned counsel for the petitioners has argued, that since there was no opportunity granted to the alienee concerned, and, to adduce evidence on the appositely raised plea, thus planked, upon the principle of ostensible ownership, engrafted in section 41 of Transfer of Property Act, 1882, rather contemplating that the bonafide purchasers for value without notice, thus becoming p

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