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2023 Supreme(P&H) 2927

IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
SANJEEV PRAKASH SHARMA, J.
Harnek Singh – Petitioner
Versus
State of Punjab & Ors. – Respondents
CWP-17831 of 1996 (O&M)
Decided On : 1-09-2023

Advocates Appeared:
None; For the Petitioner
For the Respondents: Mr. D.K. Singal, Addl. A.G., Punjab.

Headnote:(A) Reservation and Promotion - Seniority principle - The judgment discusses the entitlement of a Scheduled Caste individual to promotion based on seniority, despite prior benefits from reservation and the exhaustion of the quota for Block Primary Education Officer. The eligibility for promotion should consider inter se seniority among Central Head Teachers, as per the decisions in Ajit Singh Januja v. State of Punjab and R.K. Sabharwal v. State of Punjab. (Paras 5, 7, 8)

(B) The Court clarified that scheduled caste individuals can be promoted to general category posts if they hold seniority. The promotion process should prioritize inter se seniority among the relevant cadre and not merely follow the seniority of lower cadre members. (Paras 8, 9)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner, a Scheduled Caste candidate, claimed unlawful denial of promotion to Block Primary Education Officer due to improper seniority calculations favoring juniors. The petitioner was previously promoted on the basis of reservation and was senior in the Central Head Teacher cadre.

Findings of Court:
The action of the respondents was deemed illegal as promotion should have been based on seniority of Central Head Teachers, awarding the petitioner promotion retroactive to 1996 with benefits to be calculated from that date.

Issues: The main issues include whether the acceleration of seniority is permissible for Scheduled Caste candidates and the legality of the promotion process based on JBT seniority instead of Central Head Teacher seniority.

Ratio Decidendi: The court upheld that seniority among Central Head Teachers must be respected for promotion to the higher post, affirming that a reserved category individual should be considered for promotion in the general category as long as they are senior.

Result: Petition allowed with retrospective promotion granted from 01.10.1996.

Table of Content
1. claim for promotion based on seniority and sc status. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4)
2. importance of supreme court precedent on reservation and seniority. (Para 5)
3. analysis of promotion criteria and seniority among different categories. (Para 6 , 7 , 8)
4. grant of promotion to the petitioner with supernumerary post creation. (Para 9 , 10)

JUDGMENT

Sanjeev Prakash Sharma, J. (Oral)

The petitioner by way of this writ petition prays to be considered for promotion to the post of Block Primary Education Officer from the date his juniors have been considered.

2. No one is present on behalf of the petitioner. This matter pertaining to the year 1996 and therefore, has been taken up for hearing today.

3. The case of the petitioner is that he belongs to Scheduled Caste category. The name of the petitioner figures at serial No.5 in the seniority list of the Central Head Teacher as on 01.01.1995 whereas the name of Ram Chand figures at serial No.6 as he is junior to the petitioner and joined as Central Head Teacher on 03.04.1993. But Ram Chand has been promoted as Block Primary Education Officer and Shivji Ram has also been promoted as Block Primary Education Officer, although, both of them had joined later than the petitioner as Central Head Teacher.

4. It is the case of the petitioner that he was promoted and joined as Central Head Teacher on 04.11.1992. The respondents have stated that the petitioner belonging to SC category is not entitled to accelerate consequential seniority because he has already got benefit of reservation twice firstly from JBT teacher to Head Teacher and secondly, from Head Teacher to Central Head Teacher on the basis of reservation quota for SC and attained accelerated promotion. The petitioner, therefore, could not have been given accelerated consequential seniority and promoted as Block Primary Education Officer. Moreso, as the SC quota stood already exhausted on the post of Block Primary Education Officer. It is stated that the present sanctioned strength of Block Primary Education Officer is five. Three for men and two for women. The ration is 60-40. Out of three sanctioned post of Block Primary Education Officer, one post was already occupied by SC candidate. It is further stated that the promotion for the post of Block Primary Education Officer was made on the basis of seniority position of JBT cadre where the petitioner figures at serial No.727 while respondents No.4 and 5 figure at serial No.220 and 235 respectively. The petitioner was therefore not entitled for promotion as Block Primary Education Officer.

5. The reply has also been filed by the private respondents who have also reiterated the same position and have relied upon a judgment passed by the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of Ajit Singh Januja v. State of Punjab , AIR 1996 SC 1189 , to submit that the persons who have promoted from reserved category would not carry their seniority on the basis of higher promotion. In other words, accelerated seniority cannot be granted to the said persons.

6. I have considered the submissions.

7. The petitioner admittedly was junior to the respondents in the cadre of JBT. However, from the post of JBT, the petitioner being from reserved category, was promoted earlier to the post of Head Teacher and thereafter, from the cadre of Head Teacher, he was further promoted to the post of Central Head Teacher prior to the respondents. In the seniority list of Central Head Teacher, the petitioner has been placed above the respondents as noted above.

8. So far as promotion for the post of Block Primary Education Officer is concerned, the same is to be done from the Central Head Teachers. Thus, the action of the respondents in considering the seniority of the JBT teachers for the purpose of making promotion to the post of Block Primary Education Officer is found to be illegal. The inter se seniority of only Central Head Teachers was required to be taken into consideration. If the inter se seniority of the Cent

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