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2023 Supreme(P&H) 3100

IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
RAJBIR SEHRAWAT, J.
M/s. Viku-J-India Crafts Pvt. Ltd. – Petitioner
Versus
M/s. Emm Aar Appliances – Respondent
CR NO. 3687 of 2014
Decided On : 09-02-2023

Advocates Appeared:
Mr. Tushar Sharma, Advocate; For the Petitioner
Mr. Sukhandeep Singh, Advocate for Mr. Lokesh Sinhal, Advocate for Respondent.

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Article 227 - Indian Stamp Act, 1899 - Impoundment of insufficiently stamped documents - Order dismissing applications for impounding Lease Deed and de-exhibiting it set aside - Objection regarding the admissibility of a document must be decided by the court when raised; failure to do so leads to prolonged uncertainty and grounds for potential objection remain open. (Paras 3, 5, 10)

(B) Admissibility of documents - If a document has been marked as an exhibit but the objection to its admissibility has not been judicially determined, it is not deemed admitted for evidentiary purposes, and the trial court must decide the objection before proceeding with the suit. (Paras 7, 8, 9)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner sought to set aside an order regarding lease deed admissibility based on insufficient stamping, which was dismissed by the trial court despite objections being raised; the respondent claimed general objections were insufficient.

Findings of Court:
The trial court should have decided the admissibility objection upon its raising and cannot simply keep it open; the document's status remains unresolved.

Issues: The key issue was whether the trial court erred by not deciding the admissibility of a lease deed objected to due to insufficient stamp duty.

Ratio Decidendi: The court reiterated that if objections to admissibility remain unaddressed, a document is not considered admitted in evidence, warranting prompt judicial review to avoid delay in trials.

Result: Order partially set aside; trial court to decide on admissibility in accordance with law.

Table of Content
1. overview of factual background regarding lease dispute. (Para 1 , 2)
2. arguments presented by both parties on admissibility of documents. (Para 3 , 4)
3. court analysis on document admissibility and related judgements. (Para 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9)
4. court's decision to partially set aside trial court's order. (Para 10)
5. final order directing trial court to decide admissibility expeditiously. (Para 11 , 12)

JUDGMENT

Rajbir Sehrawat, J. (Oral)

The petitioner has filed this civil revision under Article 227 of the Constitution of India praying for setting aside of order dated 01.05.2014 (Annexure P-3) passed by the Civil Judge (Senior Division), Gurgaon, whereby the application filed by the petitioner for impounding the Lease Deed for affixation of improper Stamp Fee and the application for de-exhibiting the Leas Deed (Annexure P-2), have been dismissed; along with certain other prayers.

2. The brief facts of this case are that the respondent-plaintiff filed a suit for recovery against the petitioner; for an amount of Rs. 52,46,413/-. That amount was stated to be rent of leased premises, created through lease dated 16.04.2007. During the evidence the plaintiff tendered the said lease deed in evidence. The said lease deed was marked as Exhibit P-4. Although, the objection was raised qua documents, including the lease deed, however, the objection was kept open by the trial court. Thereafter the evidence of the plaintiff was closed on 04.04.2013. The evidence of the defendant was started. The defendant was granted as many as nine opportunities to lead its evidence. However, no evidence had been led by the defendant in the suit. At the fag end of the trial the defendant moved an application under Order 7, Rule 11 for rejection of the plaint. However, the same was dismissed vide order dated 11.02.2014. Thereafter, two separate applications were moved by the defendant, one for de-exhibiting the lease deed in question and another for impounding the document, as such. However, the trial Court has dismissed both the aforesaid applications. Hence, the present petition has been filed by the petitioner.

3. Arguing the case learned counsel for the petitioner submits that since the objection was raised qua admissibility of the documents, therefore, the document being insufficiently stamped, the court was under duty to impound the same under provisions of Section 33 read with Section 35 of the Indian STAMP ACT , 1899 (in short, the ' STAMP ACT '). Since the document was liable to be impounded, therefore, the same could not have been admitted in evidence, nor could the same be read into evidence in terms of the provisions of law contained in the aforesaid Sections. The counsel has submitted that due objection was raised when the document was tendered. However, the same was kept open by the trial court. The trial Court was under a duty to decide the objection immediately on being raised. Moreover, the trial court has even recorded the observation that even the insufficiently stamped document could be read into evidence for collateral purposes. However, if the document is not even admissible in evidence then the same cannot be at all considered by court for any purpose. The counsel has relied upon the judgments rendered by the Supreme Court in the cases of Ram Rattan (dead) by L.Rs. v. Bajrang Lal & Others , (1978) 3 SCC 236 and Avinash Kumar Chauhati v. Vijay Krishna Mishra , 2009(2) SCC 532 . Hence, it is submitted that the trial court has wrongly dismissed the application filed by the petitioner.

4. On the other hand, the counsel for the respondent has submitted that the objection taken by the petitioner qua exhibition of the documents, as recorded in the proceedings of the trial court, was general in nature. No specific objection was raised by the petitioner at the time of the execution of the above said lease deed, specifically on account of insufficiency of stamp duty paid for lease deed. In any case, the objection can be decided

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