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2023 Supreme(P&H) 3118

IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
NIDHI GUPTA, J.
Sukhbir Singh – Petitioner
Versus
Gaje Singh & Ors. – Respondents
CR NO. 5784 of 2022 (O&M)
Decided On : 02-06-2023

Advocates Appeared:
Mr. Gurcharan Dass, Advocate; For the Petitioner
Mr. Sandeep K. Sharma, Advocate For the Respondents No.11(a to c) and 2.

Headnote:(A) Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 - Order 14, Rule 5 - Limitation Act, 1963 - Revision petition against dismissal of application for framing additional issues in a civil suit challenging the validity of a gift deed. The court found that the issue of limitation was not raised in the written statement and could not be framed at a belated stage. (Paras 2, 30)

(B) Civil Procedure - Framing of issues - Court must base the issues on pleadings; absent a pleading regarding limitation, the issue cannot be framed. (Paras 30, 32)

Facts of the case:
The plaintiffs filed a suit in 2016 to declare a 2009 gift deed void and sought injunction over disputed plots. Defendants contended the suit was time-barred but failed to plead this in their written statement.

Findings of Court:
The trial court's dismissal of the application to frame additional issues was justified, as the limitation issue was not adequately pleaded.

Issues: The key issues were whether the suit was time-barred and the validity of the gift deed.

Ratio Decidendi: The court reiterated that limitation is a mixed question of law and fact requiring specific pleading; failure to do so precludes framing related issues.

Result: Revision Petition dismissed.

Table of Content
1. filing of revision petition against trial court order. (Para 1 , 2)
2. argument for additional issues based on limitation. (Para 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7)
3. plaintiffs' assertion of proper pleadings. (Para 8 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13)
4. knowledge of the gift deed and its relevance to limitation. (Para 14 , 15 , 16 , 19)
5. mixed questions of law and fact regarding limitation. (Para 18 , 22 , 23 , 26 , 30)
6. judgment on raising limitation in pleadings. (Para 24 , 25 , 29)
7. final conclusion dismissing the revision petition. (Para 31 , 32 , 33 , 34)

JUDGMENT

Ms. Nidhi Gupta, J.

Present Revision Petition has been filed by defendant No.3 against order dated 09.11.2022 passed by learned Civil Judge (Junior Division), Rohtak in Civil Suit No.35 of 07.01.2016 titled as "Gaje Singh (since deceased) and Another v. Smt. Brahmo Devi (since deceased) and Others (Annexure P1), whereby application moved by the petitioner under Order 14, Rule 5 read with section 151 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (hereinafter referred to as "CPC"), for framing of additional issues, has been dismissed.

2. Brief facts of the case are that the plaintiffs/respondents No.1 and 2 herein, filed Civil Suit No.35 on 05.01.2016 (Annexure P-2) for declaration to the effect that the gift deed No.1013 dated 10.07.2009 is void illegal and not binding upon the rights of plaintiffs with consequential relief of permanent injunction. On notice, the petitioner and respondents No.3 to 5 herein, appeared, and filed written statement (Annexure P-3). Issues were framed vide order dated 25.05.2017, and trial commenced. However, vide application dated 18.11.2019, the defendants sought the framing of additional issues including issue regarding limitation, submitting that the abovesaid suit of the plaintiffs was barred by limitation as challenge therein was laid in 2016 to gift deed of 2009. Vide the impugned order the said application of the defendants has been dismissed. Hence, present Revision Petition.

3. It is submitted by learned counsel for the petitioner that by way of present Suit, plaintiffs/respondents No.1 and 2 herein have sought declaration to the effect that gift deed No.1013 dated 10.07.2009 is void, illegal, ultra vires and the same is not binding upon the rights of plaintiffs; with consequential relief of permanent injunction restraining the defendants from interfering in the peaceful possession of the plaintiffs over the plots in question as fully detailed in the plaint. It is submitted that the said Suit (Annexure P2) was filed by the respondents/plaintiffs on 05.01.2016 whereby they had laid challenge to gift deed of 2009, and therefore, the said Suit was time barred. It is submitted that accordingly, the petitioner filed the present application dated 18.11.2019 (Annexure P4) under Order 14, Rule 5 CPC for framing of additional issues. It is submitted that the issue of limitation is intrinsic to the Suit between the parties and therefore, a decision upon the same is imperative for the proper adjudication of the matter.

4. It is submitted that however, proper adjudication upon the said issue can only be if parties are permitted to lead evidence in respect of the same. It is submitted that parties can lead evidence in this regard only if proper issue is framed in respect thereof. However, vide the impugned order the learned trial Court has mechanically dismissed the petitioner's application without considering the importance of the issue at hand.

5. It is submitted that during cross-examination of PW1- respondent/plaintiff No.1, he has admitted that he had knowledge of the gift deed as far back as in 2008. However, respondent/plaintiff filed the Civil Suit only in the year 2016 and therefore, on the face of it, the Suit is barred by limitation and, in the interest of justice and for proper adjudication of the matter, the petitioner ought to be permitted to raise additional issue in this regard.

6. It is further submitted that the two new issues sought to be f

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