JUDGMENT

Bhargava, J. - This is an appeal by two persons, Siddiq All and Kesho Saran who have been convicted by the Additional Sessions Judge of Sitapur at Kheri, Siddiq Ali has been convicted u/s 409, Penal Code and sentenced to rigorous imprisonment for three years and a fine of Rs. 200 and u/s 467, Penal Code read with Section 109, Penal Code and sentenced to rigorous imprisonment for three years and a fine of Rs. 200 Kesho Saran has been convicted for an offence u/s 467, Penal Code and sentenced to rigorous imprisonment for three years and a fine of Rs. 200 and for an offence u/s 409, Penal Code read with Section 109, Penal Code and sentenced to rigorous imprisonment for three years and a fine of BS. 200. The substantive sentences of imprisonment in the case of both the appellants have been directed to run concurrently.

2. During the course of his detailed and careful arguments on behalf of the two appellants, the learned counsel for the appellants took me through the statements of Some of the witnesses whose evidence was recorded by the learned Additional Sessions Judge in this case. Simultaneously there was occasion to make a reference to the records of two other sessions cases tried by the same Additional Sessions Judge. In all these three trials Siddiq Ali was a common accused. In fact all the three sessions cases arose out of one single case committed to the Court of Session by the Magistrate but the learned Additional Sessions Judge thought it fit to split up the trial into three separate trials. As the statements of the witnesses in the various cases were looked into, it appeared to be quite clear that there had been irregularity in recording the evidence in these cases. The three sessions trials ran almost simultaneously in the lower Court. Proceedings were going on in more than one case on the same date. Some of the witnesses in the three cases happened to be common. It appears that the learned Additional Sessions Judge committed irregularity in bringing on record of one sessions case the statement of a witness recorded in an. other sessions case instead of examining the witness afresh in each trial. Thus a comparison of the statements of the C. I. D. Inspector, Shri Modh Singh, recorded in sessions trials Nos. 86/1 and 86/3 (the case out of which the present appeal arises) clearly shows that his statement was first recorded in sessions trial No. 86/1 and was Subsequently copied out in sessions trial No. 86/3, The whole of the examination-in chief was copied out verbatim. Most of the cross-examination was also copied out except with a few omissions. This copying was done on 14th February 1949, and the record would show that the statement of Shri Modh Singh was purported to be closed for that date at the stage at which the copying from the statement in the other sessions case was finished. On 15th February 1949, further fresh questions were put to Shri Modh Singh with reference to the particular facts arising in sessions trial No. 86/3 and which were probably not relevant to the other sessions trial. In copying out, certain answers which were only relevant to sessions trial No. 86/1 were omitted as they would have appeared out of place in sessions trial No. 86/3. The use of the identical language in the two statements is a clear indication of this copying. Similar evidence of copying was discovered in the statement of Raja Earn. In the case of statement of Shri Modh Singh a question had been put in sessions trial No. 86/1 by making a reference to the statement of the Superintendent of Police (C. I. D.) recorded in sessions trial No. 86/3. The record of the statement of Shri Modh Singh in sessions trial no. 86/1 contains the following sentences:

"Shri Dubey was the S. P. of the C. I. D. investigating branch in December 1947. He was examined as a P. W. in Sessions Trial No. 86/3 in this Court about a, week back."

The record of his statement in sessions trial No. 86/3 also shows that exactly the same words have been repea