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2022 Supreme(All) 974

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD
Rahul Chaturvedi, J.
Swami Chinmayanand Saraswati – Applicant
Versus
State Of U.P. and Anr. – Respondents
Application U/S 482 No. 23160 of 2018
Decided On : 30-09-2022

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Applicant : Rajrshi Gupta, Dileep Kumar, Manish Singh, Raj Kumar Singh Chauhan
For the Opposite Party : G.A., Anurag Kumar Pandey,Rafat Raza Khan,Sundeep Shukla,Veerendra Kumar Shukla

Headnote:

CRIMINAL - SECTION 321 CRPC - WITHDRAWAL OF PROSECUTION - PUBLIC PROSECUTOR - CONSENT OF COURT - PUBLIC INTEREST - JUDICIAL REVIEW - POWER OF STATE GOVERNMENT - GUIDELINES - CASE RELATING TO RAPE AND EXPLOITING THE CHASTITY OF A WOMAN - APPLICATION UNDER SECTION 321 CRPC - REASONS FOR WITHDRAWAL NOT MENTIONED - APPLICATION REJECTED - NO INTERFERENCE BY COURT.

Fact of the Case:

The applicant, a former Minister of State for Home in the Central Government, approached the Court under Section 482 CrPC seeking to quash the order of the Chief Judicial Magistrate rejecting the application under Section 321 CrPC filed by the Public Prosecutor to withdraw the prosecution against him in a case of rape and exploiting the chastity of a woman. The applicant also challenged the charge sheet and cognizance order dated 29.10.2012. The victim opposed the withdrawal of the prosecution and filed an affidavit stating that she was in agreement with the decision of the State Government.

Finding of the Court:

The Court held that the application under Section 321 CrPC was rightly rejected by the Chief Judicial Magistrate as the Public Prosecutor had not mentioned any cogent and tangible reason for the withdrawal of the prosecution. The Court also held that the decision of the State Government to withdraw the prosecution was not in the interest of public justice or the interest of the victim. The Court further held that the power of the State Government to withdraw prosecution under Section 321 CrPC is not absolute and is subject to judicial review. The Court also laid down guidelines for the withdrawal of prosecution under Section 321 CrPC.

Issues: 1. Whether the application under Section 321 CrPC was rightly rejected by the Chief Judicial Magistrate? 2. Whether the decision of the State Government to withdraw the prosecution was in the interest of public justice or the interest of the victim? 3. Whether the power of the State Government to withdraw prosecution under Section 321 CrPC is absolute and is subject to judicial review?

Ratio Decidendi: 1. The application under Section 321 CrPC was rightly rejected by the Chief Judicial Magistrate as the Public Prosecutor had not mentioned any cogent and tangible reason for the withdrawal of the prosecution. 2. The decision of the State Government to withdraw the prosecution was not in the interest of public justice or the interest of the victim. 3. The power of the State Government to withdraw prosecution under Section 321 CrPC is not absolute and is subject to judicial review.

Final Decision: The petition was dismissed. The Court also directed that if the applicant surrenders before the concerned Magistrate on or before 30th October 2022 and applies for bail, his bail application shall be adjudicated and decided strictly in accordance with law. Till 30th October, 2022 from today, no coercive action shall be taken against the applicant in the aforementioned case.

Judgement Key Points

Key Points: - The judgment discusses that Section 321 Cr.P.C. requires Court consent and that withdrawal must be in public interest and administration of justice; the Public Prosecutor must apply an independent mind rather than acting as an agent of the State. (!) (!) (!) - It cites guidelines from Sheo Nandan Paswan and Kerala v. Ajith (state of Kerala) about judicial review, good faith, and necessity to prevent misuse; the court scrutinizes grounds and cogent reasons for withdrawal. (!) (!) (!) (!) - The State Government’s withdrawal in cases involving serious offenses like rape and exploitation requires cogent, tangible reasons; mere references to "independent mind" are insufficient. (!) (!) - The Full Bench and subsequent Supreme Court guidance emphasize supervisory role of the court over withdrawal decisions and set factors for evaluating public interest, including gravity of offense and impact on public life. (!) (!) (!) (!) - The court in this case rejected withdrawal due to lack of cogent reasons and improper process, directing adherence to law and safeguarding the victim’s interests. (!) (!)

What is the scope of the Public Prosecutor's power to withdraw from prosecution under Section 321 Cr.P.C. with Court consent?

What are the standards and guidelines for judicial review of State Government's decision to withdraw prosecutions under Section 321 Cr.P.C.?

What factors must the Public Prosecutor and Court consider to ensure withdrawal serves the administration of justice and public interest?


JUDGMENT :

1. Heard Sri Dileep Kumar, Senior learned Advocate assisted by Sri Rajshri Gupta, Sri R.K.S Chauhan and Sri Manish Singh, learned counsels for the applicant, Sri Anurag Pandey, learned counsel for opposite party no. 2, Sri A.K. Sand, learned AGA-I assisted by Sri Ajay Kumar Sharma, learned A.G.A for the State and Sri Sandeep Shukla, Advocate assisted by Sri Rafat Raza Khan Advocate for the “proposed intervener” Sri B.P. Gautam.

2. Pleadings have been exchanged between the parties, and Counter affidavits have been filed by opposite party no.2 Sadhvi Chidarpita Gautam @ Ms Komal Gupta and Mr. Patanjali Mishra, learned A.G.A. have filed their respective counter affidavits on behalf of the State which is already on record. Interestingly, an 'Intervening application' under Chapter XXII Rule 5 of the High Court Rules on behalf of Sri B.P. Gautam, filed by Sri Sandeep Shukla and Sri Rafat Raza Khan Advocate is also on record with the prayer to permit the applicant (Mr. B.P. Gautam, in the capacity of alleged husband of opposite party no.2) be also heard. At the outset, Sri Sandeep Shukla, Advocate was given fullest of the opportunity and audience by the court to establish his case and claim proposed respondent.

3. This petition, invoking extra-ordinary power of the Court under section 482 Cr.P.C. assailing the legality and validity of the order dated 24.05.2018 passed by the Chief Judicial Magistrate, Shahjahanpur in Case No. 1423 of 2011 (State v. Chinmayanand Saraswati), under Sections 376 and 506 IPC, P.S. Kotwali, Shajahanpur is for judicial scrutiny, whereby the learned Magistrate has declined to accord permission to the application given by the Prosecuting Officer under section 321 Cr.P.C. i.e. withdrawal of prosecution against the applicant, named above. Thus, this is the focal issue of the entire controversy. In addition to this, since Sri B.P. Gautam, alleged husband of opposite party no. 2, has moved an “Intervening Application” to be impleaded and heard in the matter and therefore at the threshold stage, the disposal of aforesaid Intervening application is imperative as an ancillary issue to the primary one i.e. validity of the order dated 24.05.2018, passed by learned Chief Judicial Magistrate, Shahjahanpur.

4. So far as Intervening application on behalf of Mr. B.P. Gautam S/o Naresh Pal Singh, alleged husband of Ms. Chidarpita Gautam @ Komal Gupta is concerned, it is relevant that opposite party no.2, the real victim, has already engaged her counsel, Sri Anurag Kumar Pandey, who has filed a detailed counter affidavit on her behalf and she is actively contesting the case on her behalf and at no point of time, she has ever authorized Mr. B.P. Gautam to contest the case on her behalf.

Disposal of the Intervening Application

5. The Court has perused the Intervening Application, sworn by Sri B.P. Gautam, who sought permission of the Court to intervene in the present application filed under section 482 Cr.P.C., in addition to opposite party no. 2.

6. The Court wonders that when the victim herself is being duly represented in her count, then what is the locus standi of Mr. B.P. Gautam to intervene into the present issue. In this regard, the Court had an occasion to look into the definition of “victim” as provided under section 2(wa) of Cr.P.C. which reads thus:

    “victim” means a person who has suffered any loss or injury caused by reason of the act or commission for which the accused person has been charged and the expression “victim” includes his or her guardian or legal heir.

7. In this regard, learned A.G.A submits that though in the year 2011, Mr. B.P. Gautam, a local journalist of Shahjahanpur/Budaun, married man, without divorcing his earlier wife, got married with Ms. Chidarpita Gautam@Komal Gupta but it seems that this relationship was full of turmoil, where Ms. Chidarpita Gautam@Komal Gupta initiated proceedings under section 12 of Domestic Violence Act, a Divorce Petition under section 13 (1) of the Hindu Marriage A
























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