JUDGMENT :

1. In all these writ petitions similar issues are raised, therefore, with the consent of learned counsel for the parties, all writ petitions are being decided by this common judgment.

2. All the petitioners are Constables or Head Constables in Uttar Pradesh Provincial Armed Constabulary (hereinafter referred to as “UPPAC”) and posted at various Districts of Uttar Pradesh in PAC Bn., are being transferred by impugned orders to Civil Police in various Zone/Commissionerate.

3. Learned counsel appearing on behalf of petitioners as well as respondents have relied on the provisions of Police Act, 1861 (hereinafter referred to as “Act, 1861”); The Uttar Pradesh Pradeshik Armed Constabulary Act, 1948 (hereinafter referred to as “UPPAC Act, 1948”); U.P. Police Regulations; The Uttar Pradesh Police Constable and Head Constable Service Rules, 2015 (hereinafter referred to as “Rules, 2015”); The Uttar Pradesh Pradeshik Armed Constabulary Subordinate Officers Service Rules, 2008 (hereinafter referred to as “UPPAC Rules, 2008”); and, The Uttar Pradesh Pradeshik Armed Constabulary Sub