IN THE HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD
Surya Prakash Kesarwani, Rajendra Kumar-IV, JJ.
Smt. Usha Kiran Rai – Appellant
Versus
Umesh Chandra Rai Deceased and Others – Respondents
First Appeal No. -369 of 2008
Decided On : 03-11-2022
Civil Procedure Code, 1973 – Order IX Rule 13 – Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 – Section 13 – Decree of Divorce – Learned counsel for applicant-defendant-appellant wife learned Senior Advocate assisted learned counsel for plaintiff-respondent – Appeal has been filed praying to set aside judgement and order – Held, Court cannot act to protect perpetuation of legal fraud – Courts are obliged to do justice – Fraud and justice never dwell together maxim has never lost its temper over all centuries – Courts are not meant to permit dishonesty even on technical pleas – Dishonesty cannot be permitted to bear fruit and benefit to persons who played fraud or misrepresented or suppressed facts and in such court should not allow perpetuation of fraud by entertaining technical pleas – Discussion made above leads to an irresistible conclusion that applicant-appellant / wife was not aware of judgement decree of divorce judgement is an ex-parte judgement – Appellant has not given her consent for divorce – Appeal is allowed.
JUDGMENT :
1. Heard Sri Srijan Mahrotra, learned counsel for the applicant-defendant-appellant / wife and Sri Anil Sharma, learned Senior Advocate assisted by P.K. Rai, learned counsel for the plaintiff-respondent / husband.
2. This appeal has been filed praying to set aside the judgement and order dated 11.04.2008 in Misc. Case No. 105 of 1999 (Smt. Usha Kiran Rai vs. Umesh Chandra Rai and others) arising from H.M. Petition No. 361 of 1998 (Umesh Chandra Rai vs. Smt. Usha Kiran Rai) passed by the Principal Judge, Family Court, Varanasi, whereby the application 3-C under Order IX Rule 13 of C.P.C. filed by the applicant-appellant / wife for recalling of the judgement and decree passed in H.M. Petition No. 361 of 1998 dated 31.05.1999, has been rejected.
3. Original record of the court below relating to afore-noted cases have been received and notified in this Court on 14.12.2018 but the parties have not yet filed paper book.
4. Both the parties have perused the record of the court below and with the consent of learned counsel for the parties, this appeal is being finally heard without paper book.
Facts :
5. Briefly stated the facts of the present case are that the appellant herein and the deceased-respondent Umesh Chandra Rai were married on 22.04.1984 according to Hindu rites and rituals at Varanasi. No children was born to them from their wedlock. The applicant / appellant herein was lecturer and subsequently promoted as reader / professor in the department of Management Studies, B.H.U., Varanasi.
6. Allegedly, the Matrimonial Petition No. 361 of 1998 (Umesh Chandra Rai vs. Smt. Usha Kiran Rai) under Section 13-B of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 (hereinafter referred to as the Act, 1955) was filed on 03.11.1998 by the deceased-plaintiff / husband Umesh Chandra Rai through his counsel Sri M.L. Rai Advocate jointly with the counsel Sri Prem Shankar Pandey as alleged counsel for the applicant-appellant, namely, Usha Kiran Rai. The aforesaid application bears signature of the deceased-plaintiff-respondent/husband and also the alleged signature of the applicant-appellant. The aforesaid application was not supported by any affidavit. These facts are evident from the original record of the court below.
7. As per order sheet entry dated 03.11.1998, the Presiding Officer directed the case to be presented after six months. As per order sheet entry dated 03.05.1999, the applicant-appellant / wife was not present but the deceased-plaintiff-respondent / husband was present. As per order sheet entry dated 12.05.1999, a stay application 8-C was filed which was directed to be presented on 04.08.1999 for further order. Perusal of the alleged application 8-C dated 12.05.1999 shows that it is an adjournment application and not a stay application. As per order sheet entry dated 15.05.1999 an application to expedite the case was filed on which the Presiding Officer passed the order as under :-
Put up on 18.05.1999.”
8. As per order sheet entry dated 18.05.1999, Presiding Officer was on leave and none was present, therefore, the next date was fixed for 04.08.1999. Thereafter, the last order sheet entry is dated 26.05.1999 in which it is mentioned that the application has been filed for early disposal of the case and therefore, it is ordered to put up on 31.05.1999.
Thereafter, there is no entry in the order sheet of the aforesaid case No. 361 of 1998.
9. However, the original record contains an order of the Judge Family Court, Varanasi dated 31.05.1999 which is reproduced below :-
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;kph mifLFkr gSA ;g ;kfpdk mes'k pUnz jk; rFkk Jherh Å"kk fdju jk; us la;qDr #i ls /kkjk&13 ch] fgUnw fookg vf/kfu;e ds varxZr fookg foPNsn gsrq fnukad 3-11-98 dks lafLFkr fd;k FkkA f}rh; ekslu ij fnukad 3-5-99 dks iqu% ÁLrqr gqbZA
i{kdkjksa ds mifLFkr u gksus ij 12-5-99] 15-5-99 rFkk 18-5-99 dks is'k gqvkA ÁR;fFkZuh U;k;ky; esa mifLFkr gqbZ vkSj fnukad 26-5-99 dks la;qDr #i ls ^10x* ÁkFkZuk i= ij iqu% fn;k x;k fd ;kph o Á
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S.P. Chengal Varaya Naidu (dead) by L.Rs vs.Jagannath (dead) by L.Rs and othes
The Family Court can nullify its own divorce decree if obtained through fraud, emphasizing the necessity of meeting legal prerequisites for mutual consent divorce.
(1) Exparte decree of divorce – Summons – Even if there is any irregularity in service of summons, still in view of second proviso to Rule 13 of Order IX ex-parte decree cannot be set aside on ground....
The main legal point established in the judgment is that an ex parte decree cannot be set aside on the ground of irregularity in the service of summons if the defendant had notice of the date of hear....
The central legal point established is the court's reliance on mutual consent, settlement agreement, and absence of legal impediments to grant a decree of divorce by mutual consent and allow the waiv....
Point of Law : Orders relating to custody of wards even when based on consent are liable to be varied by Court, if welfare of wards demands variation."
FRAUD VITIATES EVERYTHING AND ANY BENEFIT OR ADVANTAGE ACQUIRED BY ANY PARTY THROUGH FRAUDULENT ACTS CANNOT BE ALLOWED TO BE RETAINED BY SUCH PARTY.
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The main legal point established is the importance of considering the maintainability of applications before granting interim orders and the need to expedite pending cases without disturbing interim ....
Point of law: Requirement under Section 13B(2) of Hindu Marriage Act is the “motion of both parties”.
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