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2024 Supreme(All) 1741

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD
JASPREET SINGH, J.
Vatika Nirman Pvt. Ltd. - Petitioner
Versus
U.P. Real Estate Regulatory Authority And Another - Respondents
MATTERS UNDER ARTICLE 227 NO. 180 OF 2024, MATTERS UNDER ARTICLE 227 NO. 181 OF 2024, MATTERS UNDER ARTICLE 227 NO. 183 OF 2024, MATTERS UNDER ARTICLE 227 NO. 184 OF 2024, MATTERS UNDER ARTICLE 227 NO. 185 OF 2024, MATTERS UNDER ARTICLE 227 NO. 188 OF 2024, MATTERS UNDER ARTICLE 227 NO. 189 OF 2024, MATTERS UNDER ARTICLE 227 NO. 190 OF 2024, MATTERS UNDER ARTICLE 227 NO. 191 OF 2024, MATTERS UNDER ARTICLE 227 NO. 192 OF 2024 AND MATTERS UNDER ARTICLE 227 NO. 193 OF 2024 AND MATTERS UNDER ARTICLE 227 NO. 195 OF 2024.
Decided On : 31-01-2024

Advocates appeared:
For the Petitioner: S.M. Singh Royekwar and Dr. Deepti Singh
For the Respondent: Shobhit Mohan Shukla and Brijesh Kumar

The existence of an alternate statutory remedy under the RERA Act limits the High Court's jurisdiction to entertain writ petitions, directing parties to the Appellate Tribunal for resolution of disputes.

Headnote:(A) Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 - Section 18 and Section 43(5) - Jurisdiction of RERA - Petitioner challenges RERA's order granting relief to private respondent regarding Builder-Buyer Agreements, claiming lack of jurisdiction and violation of natural justice - Court finds that disputes involve complex questions of fact and law, best suited for the Appellate Tribunal - Petitioner has the option to appeal to the Appellate Tribunal. (Paras 9, 39)

(B) Natural Justice - Principles of natural justice must be adhered to in adjudicatory proceedings - However, the existence of an alternate statutory remedy may preclude the exercise of writ jurisdiction. (Paras 13, 14)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner company contests RERA's order favoring a former director who filed complaints regarding Builder-Buyer Agreements, alleging fraud and jurisdictional issues. The petitioner claims the agreements were void and that the RERA acted beyond its authority. (Paras 1-8)

Findings of Court:
The Court finds that the Appellate Tribunal is the appropriate forum to resolve the disputes, as they involve contentious issues of fact and law, and the RERA's jurisdiction is not inherently flawed. (Paras 39, 40)

Issues: The main issues include the jurisdiction of RERA to grant relief regarding Builder-Buyer Agreements and whether the principles of natural justice were violated. (Paras 2, 10)

Ratio Decidendi: The Court ruled that the existence of an alternate remedy under the RERA Act limits the scope for writ jurisdiction, emphasizing that the Appellate Tribunal is better suited to address the disputes raised. (Paras 35, 39)

Result: Petitions dismissed with liberty to appeal to the Appellate Tribunal.

Judgement Key Points

Key Points: - (!) The Court holds that disputes involving Builder-Buyer Agreements and related relief fall within the jurisdiction of the Real Estate Appellate Tribunal for resolution, not the High Court's writ jurisdiction. (!) (!) - (!) The existence of an efficacious statutory remedy under Section 43(5) of the RERA Act justifies declining to entertain petitions under Article 226/227. (!) (!) - (!) The Appellate Tribunal is deemed best suited to address disputes that involve complex questions of fact and law arising under the RERA Act. (!) - (!) Petitioners are granted liberty to appeal to the Appellate Tribunal; the High Court dismisses petitions on maintainability grounds. (!) - (!) The judgments acknowledge that natural justice considerations apply, but the alternate remedy can preclude writ relief unless exceptions are met. (!) (!) - (!) The Act is self-contained, with provisions empowering the RERA and the Appellate Tribunal to adjudicate matters within its four corners. (!) (!) - (!) The order emphasizes not to decide on merits in this stage to avoid prejudicing future Appellate Tribunal proceedings. (!)

Question 1?

What is the proper forum to resolve disputes involving Builder-Buyer Agreements under the Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016?

Question 2?

What are the principles governing the maintainability of writ petitions when an efficacious statutory remedy exists under the RERA Act?

Question 3?

What are the grounds on which RERA’s orders can be challenged, and whether the Appellate Tribunal is the appropriate body to adjudicate matters involving disputed questions of fact and law?


JUDGMENT

Jaspreet Singh, J.

This is a batch of 12 petitions whereby the petitioner company has assailed the judgment and order dated 02.01.2024 passed by the Uttar Pradesh Real Estate Regulatory Authority, Lucknow (hereinafter referred to as RERA). The private respondent had filed 12 separate complaints before the RERA, relating to different units of the project known as Urban Woods Phase-II launched by the petitioner company, Vatika Nirman Private Limited. All the 12 complaints have been decided by the common order dated 02.01.2024 which have been assailed by filing the aforesaid 12 separate petitions though the grounds and submissions is common in all, hence all the petitions have been clubbed together and are being decided by this common judgment.

2. Shri Shantanu Singh, learned counsel for the petitioner has primarily attacked the order passed by the RERA dated 02.01.2024 on the following grounds: (i) the impugned order is without jurisdiction, (ii) the relief granted by the RERA is not within its domain as it is not entitled to grant any declaratory relief; (iii) the impugned order is violative of principles of natural justice; and (iv) the order is patently illegal.

3. Elaborating his submission, the counsel for the petitioner submits that the private respondent was a director of the petitioner company and was also incharge of the day today functioning. The private respondent no.2 submitted his resignation on 17.08.2019. During his tenure as the director, he was also the Chief Financial Officer and the sole authorized signatory to the bank accounts uptill February 2022.

4. It is urged that the respondent no.2 had committed financial fraud by siphoning of money of the petitioner company. It is submitted that the respondent no.2 first transferred a sum of Rs. 3,42,12,942/- from his personal account to the current account of the petitioner company and on the very same day rather soon thereafter the said amount was transferred from the account of the company to another company M/s. D. S. Infra Heights Private Limited which was also controlled by the respondent no.2 who was its shareholders and director.

5. It is also pointed out that this entire transaction was fraudulent and with a oblique motive; inasmuch as on the strength of the aforesaid transfer the private respondent set up a claim that the company had allotted 15 units in its project Urban Woods Phase-II and with connivance and one Sri K. D. Singh, he got, 15 Builder-Buyer Agreements signed on behalf of the company through Sri K. D. Singh in his own favour and as such the said agreements were illegal and were an outcome of fraud and coercion, hence no right could accrue in favour of private respondent.

6. It is also submitted that on the strength of the aforesaid 15 Builder-Buyer Agreements the private respondent filed the 12 complaints before the RERA. As soon as the petitioner company became aware of the aforesaid illegal transaction, the petitioner company took various steps in its attempt to control the damage done to the company by the private respondent.

7. The petitioner company filed several complaints against the private respondent no.2. The petitioner also filed a Civil Suit bearing No.93 of 2023 seeking a relief of declaration that 15 Builder-Buyer Agreements said to be executed in favour of the private respondent no.2 (which also included the 12 Builder-Buyer Agreements which were the subject matter of the complaints before the RERA) were void.

8. The petitioner company also filed proceedings before the National Company Law Tribunal at Prayagraj wherein the aforesaid transaction were also highlighted to indicate the systematic siphoning of money by the private respondent. It is, therefore, urged that where the aforesaid issues were already pending before various courts and tribunals and the parties were contesting, the attempt to file the complaints before the RERA by the private respondent no.2 was without jurisdiction as the issues were to be determined b

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