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2023 Supreme(All) 2696

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD
VIPIN CHANDRA DIXIT, J.
Vivek Mishra - Applicant
Versus
Union of India - Opposite Party
CRIMINAL MISC. BAIL APPLICATION NO. - 13703 OF 2023.
Decided On : 26-05-2023

Advocates appeared:
For the Applicant :Ami Tandon, Sr. Advocate.
For the Opposite Party : Dhananjay Awasthi.

Headnote:(A) Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 - Section 132(1)(a) - Bail application seeking release from arrest under charges of GST evasion due to alleged clandestine supply and under-reporting of sales - The applicant's role as neither owner nor proprietor of the firm was emphasized, with evidence lacking for direct involvement in crime. (Paras 5, 12)

(B) Legal principles regarding bail - The Court reiterated that the arrest of individuals involved in tax-related offences must be justified based on solid evidence, and that the presumption of innocence prevails when addressing bail applications for non-bailable offences. (Paras 8, 12)

Facts of the case:
The bail application presented by the applicant followed a complaint alleging evasion of GST amounting to Rs.11.62 Crore by the firm of which the applicant was claimed to have a controlling role, despite being neither the owner nor the proprietor. Searches revealed discrepancies in sales reporting, resulting in criminal charges under tax law. (Paras 2-4)

Findings of Court:
Given the lack of substantial evidence connecting the applicant to the alleged tax evasion and his cooperation with the investigation, combined with no prior convictions or risk of absconding, the Court found grounds for granting bail. (Paras 12, 13)

Issues: Whether the applicant’s involvement warranted charges under the GST Act, the adequacy of evidence Establishing his direct role in the alleged crimes, and the appropriateness of granting bail.

Ratio Decidendi: The Court determined that the applicant's rights to personal liberty under Article 21 were paramount, concluding that his continued detention was unwarranted, especially with no ongoing risk of evidence tampering. Additionally, the absence of a direct ownership role mitigated liability risks. (Para 13)

Result: Bail application allowed; the applicant may be released on bail, subject to specific conditions. (Para 14)

Table of Content
1. basis of the bail application involves alleged gst evasion. (Para 2 , 3 , 4)
2. arguments emphasize applicant's lack of involvement in the firm and compliance during investigation. (Para 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 10)
3. judicial precedent advises caution in arresting individuals without evidence of involvement. (Para 9)
4. contradictory evidence claims applicant is controller; opposing counsel highlights efforts to trace evasion. (Para 11)
5. court finds applicant eligible for bail based on cooperation and lack of prior criminal history. (Para 12 , 13)
6. conditions for bail emphasize compliance with court orders and responsibilities. (Para 14 , 15)

JUDGMENT

Vipin Chandra Dixit, J.

Heard Sri Anoop Trivedi, learned Senior Advocate assisted by Sri Ami Tandon, learned counsel for the applicant, Sri Dhananjay Awasthi, learned counsel for the opposite parties and perused the records.

2. This bail application has been filed on behalf of applicant seeking bail in Complaint Case No.03 of 2022-23, arising out of Case File No: DGGI/INT/INTL/1387/2022, under Section 132 (1)(a) of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (hereinafter referred to as 'Act, 2017') registered by the Department of D.G.G.I., Ghaziabad Unit, Ghaziabad.

3. As per prosecution case, a search was conducted on 11.11.2022 at the factory premises of M/s Vivek International (hereinafter referred to as 'firm') located at Plot No.81, Sector 59, Pragati Vihar, Industrial Area, Faridabad, Haryana. A search was also conducted at the residence of applicant Vivek Mishra on 11.11.2022. It is alleged that during search some incriminating records such as handwritten sales slips, dispatch registers of unaccounted sales, sales invoices, e-way bills were recovered and Panchnama was prepared by search team.

4. After analysis of the documents/records it was found that the firm has suppressed actual sales in their monthly GSTR-3B returns. The actual sales of M/s Vivek International is entirely different from the values shown in the GST returns for the period July, 2017 to September, 2022. It is found from the records that M/s Ganesh Battery Works, M/s Pressco Batteries and Inverters, M/s Supertech Trading Company are recipients of clandestine supply of M/s Vivek International. The statement of proprietor of M/s Vivek International Smt. Anusuiya Mishra was also recorded under Section 70 of the Act, 2017. After due scrutiny of the records, which was recovered from the premises of firm and residence of applicant, it was found that the total sale of firm was Rs.12.97 Crore as per GSTR-3B returns filed for the period of July, 2017 to September, 2017, whereas from the sales ledger recovered from the premises of firm the total sale for the aforesaid period was Rs.66.11 Crore and the firm had evaded GST of Rs.11.62 Crore by making clandestine supplies without issuance of invoices. The opposite parties had filed complaint to punish the applicant under Section 132 (1)(a) of the Act, 2017.

5. It is submitted by learned Senior Advocate appearing on behalf of applicant that the applicant is neither owner nor proprietor of firm, whereas his mother Smt. Anusuiya Mishra is the proprietor of the firm. The firm is engaged in manufacturing of Lead Acid batteries which is being supplied and transfers by way of sale. The firm is engaged in purchase of raw materials and sale of finished product strictly in accordance with the provisions of the Act, 2017. The applicant was not involved directly in the sale and purchase of raw material on behalf of the firm.

6. It is further submitted that the officers of Department had erred in calculating the GST on the basis of record seized during search to the effect that the sale of finished products by the firm for the period July, 2017 to September, 2017 was to the tune of Rs.66.11 Crore whereas the taxable value of the sale shown by the firm in its return was only Rs.12.97 Crore.

7. It is further submitted that the investigation by the Department was complete

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