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2025 Supreme(All) 2896

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD, LUCKNOW BENCH  
Irshad Ali, J.
Amina - Appellant
Versus
UP Zila Adhikari Patti Pratapgarh and Others - Respondents 
Writ (C) No. 1003005 of 2002
Decided On : 22-07-2025

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellants : R.P. Pandey, G.P. Pandey, Mohammad Aslam Khan, Mohd. Arif Khan
For the Respondents - Mohammad Ehtesham Khan, Pankaj Gupta, R.N. Gupta, Sharad Nandan Ojha, Yogendra Nath Yadav

A suit under Section 229 B is not maintainable once land rights are finalized during consolidation, enforcing the jurisdictional bar under Section 49 of the relevant Act.

Headnote:(A) U.P. Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms Act, 1950 - Section 49 - Consolidation of Holdings Act - Bar to civil Courts jurisdiction - Suit regarding land - Suit filed under Section 229 B barred due to finalization of name in revenue record - Orders of S.D.M. set aside as without jurisdiction and passed in error of law. (Paras 16, 18, 20, 22)

(B) Jurisdiction - Civil or Revenue Courts cannot entertain suits regarding rights in land under provisions of the U.P. Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms Act once consolidation proceedings are finalized. (Paras 16, 18)

(C) Evidence - Question of forgery on compromise not duly considered by S.D.M., which contributed to manifest error in decision-making process. (Paras 19, 20)

Facts of the case:
Petitioner challenged orders owing to alleged fraudulent entry of property rights by respondents after their father’s death without any legitimate connection to the land. Respondents sought to clarify their rightful claim as heirs.

Findings of Court:
Orders of the S.D.M. and revisional authority were quashed due to jurisdictional errors.

Issues: The main issues were regarding the jurisdiction and validity of proceedings in light of the consolidation of land records.

Ratio Decidendi: The court established that once a name is incorporated in the revenue records under consolidation, no suit is maintainable under Section 229 B concerning those rights, thereby enforcing the statutory bar of Section 49.

Result: Writ petition allowed; orders quashed and matter remanded for fresh consideration.

Judgement Key Points

Based on the legal document provided, here are the key points regarding the case of Amina vs. UP Zila Adhikari Patti Pratapgarh:

  • The petitioner challenged orders dated 17.03.1999 and 19.06.2002 passed by the SDM and the revisional authority, respectively, alleging jurisdictional errors and fraudulent entries in revenue records. (!)
  • Respondents filed a suit under Section 229 B of the U.P. Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms Act, claiming the disputed land was their ancestral property and that they were the rightful heirs after their father's death. (!)
  • The petitioner alleged that the respondents' names were entered in the revenue records through a forged compromise with the connivance of revenue officials, despite the petitioner having no legitimate connection to the land. (!)
  • The lower authorities admitted that a compromise was reached where the petitioner's name was entered as the widow of Noor Mohammad and father of the respondents, but the petitioner contested the validity of this compromise. (!)
  • The petitioner argued that the signature on the compromise document was forged and fabricated, which was not duly considered by the SDM while passing the order in favor of the respondents. (!)
  • The petitioner submitted that the suit was barred under Section 49 of the Consolidation of Holdings Act because the name had already been incorporated in the revenue records under finalized consolidation proceedings. (!)
  • Section 49 of the Act explicitly bars Civil or Revenue Courts from entertaining suits regarding rights in land once a notification has been issued under the consolidation provisions, mandating that such rights be adjudicated only under the Act. (!)
  • The Court held that once a person's name is incorporated in the revenue record under consolidation proceedings, a suit under Section 229 B is not maintainable before the SDM. (!)
  • The Court found that the SDM committed a manifest error of law and lacked jurisdiction by deciding the case on merit and relying on a compromise, as the suit was statutorily barred by Section 49. (!)
  • The revisional court also committed a manifest error of law by directing parties to file a regular suit instead of deciding the matter on merit, thereby failing to address the jurisdictional bar. (!)
  • The impugned orders were quashed as they were passed in utter disregard of settled law and in violation of Section 49 of the Act. (!)
  • The writ petition was allowed, and the matter was remanded to the revisional court to decide the issue afresh on merit within six months. (!)

Table of Content
1. jurisdiction issues under section 49 (Para 5 , 17 , 18)
2. dispute over land ownership and compromise validity (Para 6 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 14)
3. petitioner's claim of forgery and jurisdictional challenges. (Para 7)
4. section 49 bars civil court jurisdiction over such disputes. (Para 15 , 16)
5. previous orders had legal errors necessitating review. (Para 19 , 20 , 21)
6. quashing of impugned orders and remand (Para 22 , 23 , 24)

Hon'ble Irshad Ali,J.

1. Heard Sri Mohd. Arif Khan, learned Senior Advocate assisted by Sri Mohd. Aslam Khan and Sri Shadab Khan, learned counsel for the petitioner, Sri Sharad Nandan Ojha, learned counsel for respondent No.2, learned Additional CSC for respondent Nos.1, 4 and 6 and Sri Pankaj Gupta, learned counsel for respondent No.5.

2. In compliance of earlier order of this Court dated 07.07.2025, S.D.M. Patti, Pratapgarh and C.R.O. Pratapgarh are present before this Court in person.

3. The affidavit filed by learned Additional CSC today in Court may be taken on record.

4. The petitioner has died and there are two substitution applications which are allowed but due to some inadvertent mistake, the incorporation could not be made, therefore, learned counsel for the petitioner is permitted to carry out necessary incorporation during course of the day.

5. By means of present writ petition, the petitioner is challenging the orders dated 17.03.1999 passed by respondent No.1 contained as annexure 1 to the writ petition and order dated 19.06.2002 passed by respondent No.4 contained as annexure 2 to the writ petition.

6. Factual matrix of the case is that a suit was filed by respondent Nos.2 & 3 under Section 229 B of U.P. Z.A.& L.R. Act before respondent No.1. Respondent Nos.2 & 3 stated that the land in dispute is their bhumidhari land and they are in possession of the land in dispute from the time of their father and their father died and respondent Nos.2 and 3 are waris of their father.

7. It is stated that the petitioner has no touch with the land and with the connivance of officials of revenue department, they have got their name entered in the revenue record, which deserves to be cancelled and respondent Nos.2 and 3 have also requested that it would be declared as bhumidhar of the land in dispute.

8. The S.D.M. has heard the parties and it has been found in the compromise that name of the petitioner is entered as widow of Noor Mohammad and father of respondent Nos.2 and 3 died and they are real brothers and they are actual share holders of respondent Nos.2 and 3.

9. The compromise shown is fake and the petitioner challenged the so called compromise. The S.D.O. passed an order in favour of respondent Nos.2 and 3 and revision under Section 333 U.P. ZA& LR Act was filed before respondent No.4 by the petitioner that the order of court below is against the provisions of law and the order has been passed without perusal of evidence on record and it also involved question of jurisdiction, hence, the order of court below deserves to be set aside in the interest of justice.

10. In assailing the impugned orders, submission of learned Senior Counsel for the petitioner is that the suit is barred under Section 49 of CONSOLIDATION OF HOLDINGS ACT . The signature of the petitioner is forged and fabricated and therefore, the compromise is not sustainable in the eyes of law.

11. He submitted that while dismissing the revision, the revisional court directed the parties to file regular suit in regard to controversy involved in the present case. He submitted that the revisional court should have decided the matter on merit in spite of remanding the matter to the regular civil suit.

12. His last submission is that no counter affidavit has been filed till date, therefore, the averment made in the writ petition are correct as it has not been denied by filing counter affidavit.

13. In spite of repeated orders passed in the matter, record of the case could not be produced by the SDM, Patti, Pratapgarh and C.R.O. Pratapgar

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