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2025 Supreme(All) 3633

HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT ALLAHABAD
MADAN PAL SINGH, J.
Ankit Saha – Revisionist
Versus
State of U.P. and Another – Opposite Party
Criminal Revision No. - 2487 of 2024
Decided On : 03-12-2025

Advocates appeared:
For the Revisionist(s) : Shreesh Srivastava, Sujan Singh
For the Opposite Party(s) : G.A., Nandini Mishra

A wife who is financially self-sufficient is not entitled to maintenance under Section 125 Cr.P.C., especially if she has not approached the court with clean hands.

Headnote:(A) Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Section 125 - Maintenance - Wife is not entitled to maintenance where she has sufficient means to maintain herself, as determined by her own admission of earning status - Trial Court’s award of maintenance of Rs. 5,000/- per month set aside. (Paras 3, 11, 16)

(B) Clean Hands Doctrine - A litigant must approach the court with full and true disclosure of facts; suppression of material facts negates the claim for relief. (Paras 13, 14)

(C) Judicial Process - The court should not be used as a means for subverting justice or settling personal affairs under false pretenses. (Paras 13, 14)

Facts of the case:
The revisionist has contested the trial court's maintenance order for his wife who falsely claimed to be unemployed despite being a Post-Graduate and employed with a monthly salary of Rs. 36,000/-. (Para 5)

Findings of Court:
The trial court failed to consider the wife's income and other considerations when granting maintenance. (Paras 8, 10)

Issues: The key issues were the entitlement of the wife to maintenance given her employment and the integrity of her application to the court.

Ratio Decidendi: The court established that a wife cannot claim maintenance if she is self-sufficient and has not approached the court with clean hands regarding her financial status. (Paras 11, 16)

Result: Revision allowed; the maintenance order set aside.

Judgement Key Points

Key Points: - A wife who is financially self-sufficient is not entitled to maintenance under Section 125 Cr.P.C. (!) - The court established that a wife cannot claim maintenance if she is self-sufficient and has not approached the court with clean hands regarding her financial status. (!) - A litigant must approach the court with full and true disclosure of facts; suppression of material facts negates the claim for relief. (!) - The court should not be used as a means for subverting justice or settling personal affairs under false pretenses. (!)

What is the entitlement of a wife to maintenance under Section 125 Cr.P.C. when she is financially self-sufficient?

What are the rights of a litigant who approaches the court without clean hands?


Table of Content
1. case called with no appearance from opposite party. (Para 1 , 2)
2. revision seeks to set aside previous judgment. (Para 3)
3. claim of opposite party's income and need for maintenance contested. (Para 4 , 5 , 10)
4. court's analysis of claims on clean hands and ability to maintain. (Para 6 , 11 , 12)
5. duty of litigants to disclose facts honestly. (Para 13 , 14)
6. upholding precedent that prevents unjust enrichment. (Para 15)
7. final decision to set aside trial court order. (Para 16 , 17)

JUDGMENT

HON'BLE MADAN PAL SINGH, J.

1. Case called out in the revised call. None has appeared on behalf of the opposite party no.2 to press the present revision. Hence this criminal revision is being decided after hearing the arguments of learned counsel for the revisionist as well as learned AGA.

2. Heard Sri Sujan Singh, learned counsel for the revisionist and learned A.G.A. for the State.

3. This criminal revision has been filed by the revisionist with prayer to set aside the impugned judgment and order dated 17.02.2024 passed by the Principle Judge, Family Court, Gautam Budha Nagar in Case No.683 of 2019 (Neha Sahu Vs. Ankit Saha), under Section 125 Cr.P.C., whereby the revisionist has been directed to pay Rs. 5,000/- per month to the opposite party no.2 as maintenance allowance from the date of filing of the application.

4. Learned counsel for the revisionist submits that opposite party no. 2 did not approach the trial court with clean hands by filing her application under Section 125 Cr.P.C., wherein she claimed that she is unemployed and has no source of income. When as matter of fact, the opposite party no.2 is a Post- Graduate, a Web Designer by qualification, and is working as a Senior Sales Coordinator in Keiath Telecom Pvt. Ltd., getting salary of Rs. 36,000/- per month. Hence, she does not deserve any sympathy and is not entitled to receive maintenance on this very ground. Despite the aforesaid fact, trial court has awarded the maintenance allowance of Rs. 5,000/- per month merely to balance the income between the parties.

5. Learned counsel for the revisionist further submits that, as per the provision of Section 125 Cr.P.C., maintenance can be awarded to a wife only when she is unable to maintain herself or has no sufficient source of income. It is next submitted that the revisionist has the responsibility of maintaining his aged parents, whereas opposite party no. 2 has no such liability. Learned counsel for the revisionist has drawn the attention of the Court towards affidavit filed by opposite party no. 2 before the trial court, which is paper nos. 67–70, wherein the details of her liabilities have been mentioned as "nil." Thus, the sole contention of learned counsel for the revisionist is that opposite party no. 2 has sufficient means to maintain herself, and in such circumstances, she is not entitled to receive any maintenance from the revisionist.

6. Learned AGA has opposed the submissions as advanced by the learned counsel for the revisionist and submits that the amount awarded by the trial to make the parties as equal status to enjoy their lives but could not disputed the fact that the opposite party no. 2 is well educated lady, and is working as a Senior Sales Coordinator in Keiath Telecom Pvt. Ltd., getting salary of Rs. 36,000/- per month.

7. Considering the facts and circumstances of the case, submissions made by learned counsel for the revisionist and learned AGA as well as perusal of record and order passed by learned trial court. A perusal of page no. 15 of the impugned judgment reflects that the opposite party no.2 is a Post- Graduate, a Web Designer by qualification, and is working as a Senior Sales Coordinator in Keiath Telecom Pvt. Ltd., getting salary of Rs. 36,000/- per month. The trial court while passing the impugned judgment has not taken into consideration the liability of the revisionist and has awarded Rs. 5000/-per month to make the parties equal status to enjoy.

8. For ready reference,

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