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2026 Supreme(All) 415

HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT ALLAHABAD
AJIT KUMAR, SWARUPAMA CHATURVEDI, JJ.
Shailesh Kumar Yadav Ips – Petitioner 
Versus 
Union Of India And Others – Respondents 
WRIT - C No. - 27261 of 2007
Decided On : 27-02-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner: C.B. Yadav, Nisheeth Yadav, Rajesh Kumar Singh
For the Respondent: A.S.G.I., S.C., Santosh Kumar Mishra, Vinay Kumar Singh

Penalty and disciplinary recommendation under RTI Act Section 20 require persistent default without reasonable cause; institutional delays from workload and staff shortage not personal fault; biased, hasty orders without awaiting enquiry report quashed.

Headnote:(A) Right to Information Act, 2005 - Sections 20(1) and 20(2) - Penalties - Imposition of monetary penalty and recommendation for disciplinary action requires opinion that Public Information Officer acted without reasonable cause, persistently, or with mala fides - Mere delay in furnishing information due to staff shortage, increased workload, and backlog insufficient - Commission must record reasoned finding on jurisdictional facts, afford hearing, and consider explanation - Burden on officer to prove reasonableness does not dispense with objective assessment - Recommendations not mandatory or binding directions. (Paras 17-25, 28)

(B) Natural justice - Principles violated where orders passed with disparaging observations indicating pre-determined hostile mindset, undue haste, and without awaiting enquiry report attributing delays to institutional constraints rather than individual fault. (Paras 30-32, 35)

Facts of the case:
Public Information Officer, serving as Regional Passport Officer, faced delay allegations in responding to application seeking information on duplicate passports, procedures, and timelines - Application returned due to incorrect demand draft, resubmitted, then queried for key and file numbers - Information eventually provided; complainant confirmed receipt and resolution - Commission initiated proceedings, imposed maximum penalty despite pending departmental enquiry exonerating officer, and recommended time-bound action.

Findings of Court:
Impugned orders quashed; writ petition allowed without costs - No persistent default without reasonable cause; actions vitiated by procedural impropriety, arbitrariness, and bias.

Issues: Whether maximum penalty and time-bound disciplinary recommendation justified without reasoned finding of absence of reasonable cause or persistence; legality of proceeding sans enquiry report; presence of bias in Commission's approach.

Ratio Decidendi: Penalty under Section 20 not automatic for delay; requires evidence of unjustified, persistent lapse - Institutional overburdening constitutes reasonable cause; Commission's prejudicial remarks and premature action reflect bias, offending fairness - Each case examined on facts, per judicial precedents emphasizing proportionality and safeguards. Result : Writ petition allowed.

Table of Content
1. writ challenges cic rti penalty orders for delays (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4)
2. penalty violates natural justice; workload excuses delay (Para 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 15)
3. prior similar penalty quashed by supreme court (Para 10 , 11)
4. pio liable for unexplained rti delays (Para 12 , 13 , 14)
5. section 20 requires reasonable cause for penalty (Para 16 , 17)
6. penalty needs no reasonable cause finding, hearing (Para 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22)
7. s.20(2) recommendation discretionary, not mandatory (Para 23 , 24 , 25)
8. penalty must be proportionate to default (Para 26)
9. institutional issues justify delay, no personal fault (Para 27 , 28 , 29)
10. prejudiced remarks show cic bias (Para 30 , 31 , 32)
11. arbitrary penalty exercise exceeds statutory limits (Para 34)
12. impugned orders quashed for procedural impropriety (Para 35 , 36)

JUDGMENT :

Swarupama Chaturvedi, J.

1. Heard Sri C.B. Yadav, learned Senior Advocate assisted by Sri Nisheeth Yadav, learned counsel appearing for the petitioner, Sri Santosh Kumar Mishra, learned counsel appearing for respondents concerned and Sri Vinay Kumar Singh, learned counsel appearing for respondent no.1, Union of India.

2. This writ petition has been filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, seeking reliefs against the orders passed under the Right to Information Act, 2005. The petitioner prays for issuance of a writ, order or direction in the nature of certiorari for quashing the orders dated 08.02.2007 and 19.03.2007 passed by Dr O. P. Kejriwal, Information Commissioner, Central Information Commission. The petitioner further seeks issuance of a writ, order or direction in the nature of mandamus commanding the respondents not to give effect to the aforesaid orders dated 08.02.2007 and 19.03.2007, so far as they relate to the petitioner. The petitioner also prays for issuance of a writ, order or direction in the nature of mandamus directing the respondents to drop the entire proceedings initiated against the petitioner in pursuance of the above mentioned order dated 19.03.2007.

3. The brief fact of the matter is that at the relevant time, the Petitioner, an IPS officer was serving on deputation as the Regional Passport Officer (RPO), as well as Public Information Officer (PIO) in Ghaziabad. On 26.03.2006, respondent no.4, submitted an application under the Right to Information Act, 2005, seeking some information regarding duplicate passports, submission forms, procedures and time limits. The Petitioner endorsed the application on the same day, however, the application was returned to the applicant on 14.06.2006, by the Assistant Public Information Officer (APIO) due to the reason that the accompanying demand draft was drawn in favour of "Public Information, Ghaziabad" rather than the "Public Information Officer read with Passport Officer". Thereafter Respondent No. 4, resubmitted the application with the corrected draft on 26.06.2006. The Petitioner marked it to "PRO-I and the APIO, on 04.08.2006, directed the applicant to furnish a "Key Number" and "File Number," stating that the website could not be operated without these details. Aggrieved by this non-furnishing of information respondent no.4 filed a complaint under Section 18 of the RTI Act with the Central Information Commission (CIC), which has resulted into impugned orders challenged before this court in this petition.

4. The impugned order dated 08.02.2007 records that the information required by respondent no.4 has already been furnished by the petitioner vide letter dated 19.12.2006 and two weeks time was sought from the Commission to resolve the issue with the complainant, which got expired on 24.01.2007, however the PIO and RPO Ghaziabad did not produce any note of satisfaction. The order further records that the Commission decided to initiate penal action against the PIO under section 20(1) of the RTI Act 2005 for the delay of more than four months in providing the information, for which the penalty notice is being issue

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