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2023 Supreme(UK) 669

IN THE HIGH COURT OF UTTARAKHAND AT NAINITAL
SHARAD KUMAR SHARMA, J.
Satendra Kumar – Appellant
Versus
State of Uttarakhand and Another - Respondents
Application No. 1603 of 2023
Decided on : 10-08-2023

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant :Mr. Shubhang Dobhal, Advocate
For the Respondent:Mr. Atul Kumar Shah, Advocate

Headnote:(A) Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956 - Sections 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 - Indian Penal Code - Section 370 - Criminal proceedings initiated against applicant on charges of engaging in prostitution and trafficking - Court ruled that a customer is included within the ambit of the Act, contributing to the act of prostitution and cannot be excluded from its purview. (Paras 7, 12, 15, 28, 47)

(B) Legal Interpretation - The Court held that a customer, while engaging in prostitution, is an integral part of the offense, thus liable to prosecution under the relevant sections of the Act. (Paras 21, 43)

(C) Scope of Application - The judgment emphasizes that mere presence as a customer does not exempt an individual from liability if he encourages or assists in prostitution. (Paras 16, 36)

Facts of the case:
The applicant was charged under the Act and IPC for being present in a location where prostitution was occurring, asserting that he was merely a customer. The court noted the absence of any notification designating the area as prohibited for prostitution acts.

Findings of Court:
The court concluded that the applicant's actions constituted encouraging prostitution, and thus he was not exonerated merely by claiming the role of a customer.

Issues: Whether being a customer in a brothel absolves one from liability under the Act, and the interpretation of 'prostitution' concerning customer involvement.

Ratio Decidendi: The court decisively states that the legislative purpose of the Act intends to encompass customers who participate in prostitution activities, as their involvement cannot be severed from the act itself.

Result: Application Dismissed.

Judgement Key Points

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Table of Content
1. definition of offences under the immoral traffic (prevention) act. (Para 1 , 2)
2. legislative intent behind the act of 1956. (Para 3 , 5 , 6 , 7)
3. interpretation of a customer’s liability under the act. (Para 15 , 17 , 25)
4. judicial precedent and reasoning regarding customer culpability. (Para 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 24)
5. court's final ruling on the application. (Para 46)

JUDGMENT :

For the purposes to meet out the gravamen of arguments as it has been extended by the learned counsel for the applicant, and the judgments, which he has relied upon, to oust the engagement of the present applicant from commission of offence under Sections 3 , 4, 5, 6, and 7 of the Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956 (hereinafter to be called as “the Act of 1956”), and for the offence under Section 3 70 of IPC, as it was registered against him, by way of an FIR No. 143 of 2023 on 13.03.2023, before Police Station, Kashipur, District Udham Singh Nagar, which consequently upon the culmination of investigation had resulted into submission of the Chargesheet, being Chargesheet No. 228 of 2023 dated 10.05.2023, on account of which, the present applicant has been summoned to be tried by the Court of Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Kashipur, District Udham Singh Nagar in a Criminal Case No. 1191 of 2023, State Vs. Deep Mala and others .

2. In order to summarize the arguments, as it has been extended by the learned counsel for the applicant:-

First contention is that, as far as the provisions as contained under Sections 3 , 4, 5, 6, 7 of the Act of 1956 are concerned, a customer who is even apparently engaged in augmenting an act of prostitution, will not be covered by it.

Secondly, he submits that in the light of the provisions as contained under sub Section (3) of Section 7 of the Act, with regard to conduct of an activity, would be depending upon the area, upon being notified in the official Gazette, until and unless the said area has been specified to be notified, where no prostitution could be under law conducted, no offence under Sections 3 , 4, 5, 6 of the Act, could be made out as against the present applicant.

Thirdly, he submits, that even if the language of Section 370 of IPC is taken into consideration, where it prohibits the trafficking of a person, since it classifies the activities contained therein i.e. exploitation, recruits, transports, harbors, transfers or “e-receives a person or persons”.

Fourthly, he submits, that none of the elements prescribed in the aforesaid classifications, as provided under Section 370 of IPC, would be made out as against the present applicant, for the purposes to be tried for the offences as narrated above.

3. Before dealing with the respective contentions as raised by the learned counsel for the applicant, the basic social objective of the Act of 1956, becomes inevitable to be considered by this Court as to what was the actual legislative reason, which necessitated the legislature to promulgate the Act of 1956, for the purposes of regulating the conditions, under which the prohibition is to be imposed upon an act of prostitution and for the said purpose, before referring to the statement, object and reason, which basically aimed at to inhibit and/or abolish commercialized acts of prostitution in trafficking of persons, for the purposes of prostitution as in an organized means of living.

5. The basic object of the Act, which it intends to meet out the aforesaid objective, has been culled out by its provisions contained under Sections 7 & 8 of the Act. A prostitution, in or in the vicinity of certain public places or in places of religious worships, educational institutions or hospitals, have had to be strictly prohibited and for that purpose, the implications of Section 7 (3) of the Act, has been attempted to be argued by the learned counsel for the applicant that since there was no Gazette notification with regard to the area or place where the offence was committed, since being excluded

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