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1977 Supreme(MP) 27

High Court Of Madhya Pradesh
Shiv Dayal, C. J. , J. P. Bajpai, K. K. Dube, N. C. Dwivedi and S. S. Sharma, JJ.
S.S.HARISHCHANDRA JAIN - Appellant
Versus
CAPTAIN INDERSINGH BEDI - Respondents
First Appeal 85 Of 1970
Decided On : 02/17/1977

Advocates Appeared:
D.L.JAIN, J.B.Asardas, O.P.NAMDEO, S.C.JAIN

Headnote:(1) Interpretation of Statutes - intention of the legislature - must be gathered from the words used-Court should not add or take away words-duty of the Courts.

       It is a principal rule of construction of Statutes that the intention of an enactment must be gathered from the language employed by it. It is the duty of the Court to give effect to the words according to their plain meaning, neither adding to nor subtracting from them. It is not permissible to travel outside the words used in a statute to discover any secret intention not expressed therein. [Para 28

       The function of the Court is to see what the law is and not to re-write the law in the garb of interpretation according to its whims. [Para 30

       (2) Accommodation Control Act, 1961 (MP) - S.13 - does not apply to appeal-it may be an appeal by the landlord or the tenant.

       Per Majority-Section 13 of the Act, and no part of that section, applies to an appeal, whether the appeal be by the tenant or by the landlord 1969 JLJ 859 (FB) overruled. [Para 62

       (3) Accommodation Control Act, 1961 (MP)-S.13 (1)-contemplates a suit instituted in the original stage only. (Para 33

       (4) Accommodation Control Act, 1961 (MP) - S.13 (2) - provisional rent-object of fixing-operation of provisional rent stops on decision of the suit-words 'or appeal' and 'or proceedings' are redundant.

       Per Majority-The object of sub-section (2) of section 13 is abundantly clear. When there is a dispute as to the amount of rent payable by the tenant, an issue will be framed and will be decided in the final judgment of the suit. But since sub-section (1) requires payment or deposit of rent during the pendency of the suit question arises at what rate should the tenant deposit rent. Should he deposit at the rate claimed by the plaintiff or the rate as alleged by defendant? To solve this difficulty subsection (2) was enacted. It requires the Court to fix a "reasonable provisional rent" and it is at that rate that the tenant will deposit and go on depositing rent in compliance with the requirements of section 13, until the disposal of the suit [Para 38

       It is obvious enough that such fixation of provisional rent is only to fulfil the above necessity and is for the period intervening the raising of the dispute and the decision of the issue in the suit. When there is such a dispute there is bound to be an issue and that issue is bound to be determined in the final judgment of the suit. Therefore, this provisional rent operates only during the pendency of the suit and until the decision of the issue. (Para 39

       The words "or proceedings" in sub-section (2) are redundant and meaningless and so also the words "or appeal" are without meaning [Para 55

       (5) Interpretation if Statutes - doubt in meaning - the Court should lean to construction which will advance remedy. [Para 59 (xiv)

SHARMA, J.

( 1 ) THE Division Bench hearing this appeal felt that the Full Bench decision of this Court in Ratan-chand Firm v. Rajendra Kumar, 1969 MPLJ 672 : (AIR 1970 madh Pra 1 (FB)) required further consideration. The question formulated for opinion is as follows:-

"in appeal by the landlord against the dismissal of his suit for eviction under Sub-section (5) of Section 13 of the Act, is the landlord entitled to succeed if the tenant commits any default in the payment or deposit of current rent during the pendency of the appeal, even though the suit was rightly dismissed, as the tenant had fully complied with the provisions of Sub-section (1) of Section 13 of the act upto the date of dismissal of the suit?"

( 2 ) THE plaintiffs-appellants had filed a suit for recovery of arrears of rent, damages, notice charges and ejectment from the suit premises against the respondent-defendant. This suit admittedly was on the ground provided in section 12 (1) fa) of the M. P. Accommodation Control Act, 1961 (hereinafter referred to as "the Act" ). On an application of the defendant the trial Judge fixed the provisional rent as provided by Section 13 (2) of the Act. Later, the defendant submitted an application seeking relief under Section 13 (5) of the act. The trial Court found that the required deposits of rent having been made by the defendant-tenant, the condition necessary for Section 13 (5) of the Act are satisfied. He, therefore, held that the plaintiffs are not entitled to claim ejectment in this suit on the ground of Section 12 (1) (a) of the Act. Accordingly, he dismissed the plaintiff's suit for ejectment.

( 3 ) IT would be appropriate to refer that the trial Court by its order, dated 6-11970 had fixed case for issues and filing documents on 29-1-1970. But then it appears that the issues were never framed. The plaintiff had claimed Rs. 4,480/- as arrears of rent from 1-3-1967 to 30-4-1968 at the rate of Rs. 320/p. m. Since the trial Court found that there was a dispute about it within the meaning of Section 13 (2) of the Act, it had fixed the provisional rent. No doubt, the provisional rent fixed by the Court was the same i. e. Rs. 320/-p. m. as was claimed by the plaintiff but that does not make any difference so far as the requirement of deciding the question is concerned. The only effect of payment or deposit of rent by the tenant in accordance with Section 13 (1), is that no order or decree for eviction shall be passed against him as is contemplated by Sections 12 (3) and 13 (5) of the Act. There may be cases where the provisional rent fixed by the Court may be in between the figures claimed as rent by the landlord and the tenant. In such a suit there being a dispute as to the amount of rent and the Court having fixed the provisional rent, the issue in that behalf has to be decided. Either of the two i. e. the landlord or the tenant or both of them may be aggrieved by the finding on that issue or none may be aggrieved. ( 4 ) IN the present case the Division Bench has found that the suit was rightly dismissed as the tenant had fully complied with the provisions of Sub-section (1) of Section 13 of the Act upto the date of dismissal of the suit. As stated in para 7 of the referring order the finding of the trial Court that the defendant had fully complied with the provisions of Section 13 (1) of the Act during the pendency of the suit was not questioned on behalf of the appellants. But there may be cases where the finding in this behalf may not be correct. Excepting for a situation like the one in hand, the questions whether the suit was rightly dismissed and whether the tenant had complied with Section 13 (1) of the Act till the decision of the suit, if raised, would bs decided by the judgment in the appeal. Tht learned Judges in para 12 of their referring order have observed that "there can be no doubt that the provisions of Sub-section (1) of Section 13 of the Act are applicable at least to some appeals, because Sub-section






















































































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