1987 Supreme(MP) 42
HIGH COURT OF MADHYA PRADESH
GULAB C. GUPTA, J.
Punjab National Bank
V.
Juktar Singh and another
F.A. No. 105 of 1982, against the judgment and decree passed by Shri M.M. Baurey, IV Additional Judge to the Court of District Judge, Bilaspur in Civil Suit No. 9-B of 1981
Decided on : 7-2-1987
J.P. Sanghi for applicant
A. Usmani for respondents
Headnote:(1) Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 - S.49 - Banking Regulation Act, 1949 - Ss.20 and 21 - Civil P.C., 1908 – S.34 - provisions under the Acts - determine relationship between Reserve Bank of India and other banks - they do not take away jurisdiction of Court under S.34 of the Code. [Para 5
(2) Civil P.C., 1908 - S.34 - Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 - S.49 - Banking Regulation Act, 1949 - Ss.20 and 21 - provisions under the Acts – determine relationship between Reserve Bank of India and other banks - they do not take away jurisdiction of Court under S.34 of the Code. [Para 5
(3) Civil P.C., 1908 - S.34(amended) - award of interest after suit is entirely discretionary - this discretion is not affected by any agreement - higher rate of interest prior to suit charged - debtor lost his business-interest @ 5% p.a. is justified. AIR 1972 SC 1545, AIR 1961 SC 990, AIR 1942 PC 61, AIR 1950 Pat. 379 and AIR 1982 Kar.179 relied on. AIR 1986 Guj. 113 distinguished. [Paras 6 to 8
Gulab C. Gupta, J.
1. This is plaintiff's appeal under section 96 of the Code of Civil Procedure and is directed against the judgment and decree dated 26-2-1982 passed by Shri M.M. Baurey, IV Additional Judge to the Court of District Judge, Bilaspur in Civil Suit No. 9-B of 1981.
2. The respondent No.1 had borrowed a sum of Rs. 29,000/- from the appellant bank for purchasing a four wheeler matador pickup van. It may be noticed that the said respondent held a motor driving licence and presumably wanted to start his own business. The agreement about the aforesaid loan contained a clause for payment of interest at the rate of 5% above the bank rate with a minimum of 11% per annum with quarterly rest. From the statement of account (Ex. P.13), it appears that the said respondent paid instalments up to 1975, though somewhat irregulary and failed to pay thereafter. From their statement, it would appear that he had paid about Rs.12,000/- in various instalments. However, since the amount remained uncleared, the appellant-bank filed the present suit for recovery of Rs. 50,425/- as balance due to them. This amount included the interest as per the contract and was accompanied by further prayer of grant of interest at 14% per annum. The learned trial Judge, on appreciation of oral and documentary evidence on record, decreed the entire claim including the claim of interest at 14% with quarterly rest. However, while awarding interest from the date of the suit till realisation, the learned Judge awarded the same at the rate of 5% per annum. According to the learned trial Judge, the officers of the bank were negligent in not taking any effective step towards recovery of the loan in question. The appellants are satisfied with decree of their claim up to date of the suit, but have preferred this appeal challenging the grant of interest pendente lite.
3. The respondent No.1 could not be served notice of this appeal in spite of several efforts, as his present address, was not furnished by the appellant. However, at the instance of the learned counsel for the appellant, the service of notice was effected by affixure at the place of birth of this respondent. The original guarantor, who was joined as respondent No.2, unfortunately died during the pendency of the appeal and hence his legal representatives have been brought on record.
4. Submission of the learned counsel for the appellant is that because of section 49 of the Reserve Bank of India Act, all directions given by the said bank are binding upon the appellant-bank, which include direction regarding interest referring to Ss.20 & 21 of the Banking Regulations Act, the learned counsel pointed out the obligations of the appellant bank to obey the directives of the Reserve Bank of India on every matter including the rate of interest. It is, therefore, submitted that since the rate of interest charged by the bank is controlled by the Reserve Bank of India under the statutory power, the Court exercising its powers under section 34 Code of Civil Procedure cannot award anything less than the contracted rate of interest. According to the learned counsel, grant of interest at the rate of 5% per annum from the date of the suit till realisation amounts to Court granting loan on a lesser rate of interest than statutorily mandated. It is, therefore, submitted that the impugned-judgment and decree should be modified by awarding interest pendente lite at 14% per annum with quarterly rest.
5. The submission of the learned counsel for the appellant, as a pure question of law, must be rejected. Section 49 of the Reserve Bank of India Act read with sections 20 & 21 of Banking Regulations Act only determines the relationship between the Reserve Bank of India and the appellant-Bank and nothing more. These provisions neither take away the jurisdiction of the Court under section 34 CPC nor do they govern directly the relationship between the appellant and the respondents. Indeed, the relationship between the part