Ramswarup vs State of M. P. - 2021 Supreme(MP) 601

Judicial Analysis Court Copy Headnote Facts Arguments Court observation

2021 Supreme(MP) 601

(BOARD OF REVENUE)
Shri Manu Shrivastava, Administrative Member
Ramswarup v. State of M.P.
Revision No. 1400-II/2010: against the order dated 8.7.2010 passed by the Additional Commissioner, Chambal Division, Morena in Case No. 56/2009/Revision; Decided on 28.9.2021.

Advocates:
S. K. Awasthi and K.D. Dixit for applicant;
M. K. Jain, Government Advocate for non-applicant/State.

Headnote:
¼1½ Hkw&jktLo lafgrk] 1959 ¼e-iz-½ && /kkjk 168] 169 rFkk 190 && vfèkdkfjrk && dCts ds vk/kkj ij ekS#lh Ñ"kd vkSj HkwfeLokeh vfèkdkjksa dk nkok && jktLo U;k;ky;ksa dks fdlh O;fDr dks ekS#lh Ñ"kd ?kksf"kr djus dh vfèkdkfjrk ugh && HkwfeLokeh vf/kdkjr cgh iznÙk fd, tk ldrs gSa tc ekS#lh Ñ"kd gksus ds fo"k; esa dksbZ fookn ugha gksA 1978 jk-fu- 12 ¼mPp U;k-½] 1991 jk-fu-114 ¼mPp U;k-½ 2009 jk-fu- 242 ¼mPp U;k-½ rFkk , vkb vkj 2001 ,l lh 2552 vuqlfjrA ¼iSjk 6 ls 6-5 ,oa 9-4
¼2½ izfrdwy dCtk & izfrdwy dCts }kjk gd dk vtZu && vis{kk,¡ && HkwfeLokeh ds fo#) nkos ls lacaf/kr leLr rF; mfYyf[kr vkSj LFkkfir fd, tkuk vfuok;Z && izfrdwy dCts ds vk/kkj ij 10 o"kZ ds Hkhrj vkosnu && vkosnd nkok LFkkfir djus esa vlQy jgk && foLr`r tk¡p ugha dh xbZ && ,sls izfrdwy dCts ds vk/kkj ij ukeakrj.k ugha fd;k tk ldrkA ¼2004½10 ,l lh lh 779 rFkk 2011 ¼4½ ,e ih ,y ts 307 vuqlfjrA ¼iSjk 7 ,oa 7-1
¼3½ ifjlhek vf/kfu;e] 1963 && /kkjk 27 rFkk vuq& 65 & izfrdwy dCts ds vk/kkj ij gd dk nkok djus ds fy, ifjlhek && 12 o"kZ&10 o"kZ ds Hkhrj vkosnu && ,sls izfrdwy dCts ds vk/kkj ij ukekarj.k ugha fd;k tk ldrkA , vkb vkj 2004 ,l lh 3782] , vkb vkj 1997 ,l lh 2930] 2006 jk-fu- 107 ¼mPp U;k-½] 1988 jk-fu- 206 ¼mPp U;k-½ rFkk 1989 jk-fu- 251 ¼mPp U;k-½ vuqlfjrA ¼iSjk 7-2 ls 7-4
¼4½ Hkw&jktLo lafgrk] 1959 ¼e-iz-½ && /kkjk 109 rFkk 110 && jftLVªhdj.k vf/kfu;e] 1908 && /kkjk 17 && Hkwfe ekSf[kd iês ij nh xbZ && dksbZ nLrkost izLrqr ugha && ekSf[kd lafonk dks Hkwfe dk foØ; ugha ekuk tk ldrk && ,slk varj.k oSèk varj.k ugha ekuk tk ldrk && jftLVªhÑr nLrkost ds fcuk vkosnd ds i{k esa dksbZ gd varfjr ugha gksrk && ,sls ekSf[kd iês ds vk/kkj ij ukekarj.k ugha fd;k tk ldrkA ¼iSjk 8 ¼d½ ls 8 ¼³½
¼5½ jftLVªhdj.k vf/kfu;e] 1908 && /kkjk 17 && laifÙk varj.k vf/kfu;e] 1882 && /kkjk 6 && lafonk vf/kfu;e] 1872 && /kkjk 23 & ekSf[kd iês ij Hkwfe dk varj.k && fof/k ekU;rk && jftLVªhÑr nLrkost ds fcuk] ,slk varj.k fof/kekU; ugha gS vkSj 'kwU; gSA¼iSjk 8 ¼d½ ls 8 ¼³½
¼6½ Hkw&jktLo lafgrk] 1959 ¼e-iz-½ && /kkjk 50 && Loizsj.kk ls iqujh{k.k && ifjlhek && vkns'k dh tkudkjh ds fnukad ls 180 fnol gS] vkns'k fnukad ls ughaA 2010 jk-fu- 409 ¾ 2010 ts ,y ts ¼3½ 77 ¼mPp U;k-&iw.kZ U;k;ihB½ vuqlfjrA ¼iSjk 9 ls 9-2 ,oa 10
¼7½ ifjlhek && vkns'k 'kwU; ;k vf/kdkfjrk jfgr && ifjlhek dk ç'u mRiUu ugha gksrk && ifjlhek dk dksbZ otZu ughaA , vkb vkj 2001 ,l lh 2552 rFkk 1976 ts ,y ts 18 vuqlfjrA ¼iSjk 9-2 ls 10
¼8½ Hkw&jktLo lafgrk] 1959 ¼e-iz-½ && /kkjk 176 && [kkrs dk ifjR;kx&vij dysDVj dk fu"d"kZ fd uk;c rglhynkj us [kkrs ds ifjR;kx ds fo"k; esa tk¡p ugha dh && dysDVj dks ;g tk¡p djus dk funs'k fd Hkwfe iês ij izkIr dh xbZ gS ;k ugha && Hkwfe iês ij izkIr ugha gks rks HkwfeLokeh ctjax ekyh dk uke vfHkfyf[kr fd;k tk, && mldh e`R;q dh n'kk esa mlds okfjlksa ds uke vfHkfyf[kr fd, tk,¡ && iqujh{k.k bl lhek rd va'kr% LohdkjA ¼iSjk 11 ,oa 12
(1) Land Revenue Code, 1959 (M. P.) — Ss.168,169 and 190 — jurisdiction -- claim of rights of occupancy tenant and Bhumiswami on basis of possession -- revenue Courts have no jurisdiction to declare any person as occupancy tenant -- rights of Bhumiswami can be conferred only when there is no dispute about being occupancy tenant. 1978 RN 12 (HC), 1991 RN114 (HC), 2009 RN 242 (HC) and AIR 2001 SC 2552 followed. [Paras 6 to 6.5 & 9.4
(2) Adverse Possession -- acquisition of title by adverse possession -- requirements -- all facts relating to claim against Bhumiswami must be mentioned and established -- application on basis of adverse possession within 10 years -- applicant failed to establish claim -- detaiedl enquiry not done -- mutation cannot be doneon basis of such adverse possession. (2004) 10 SCC 779 and 2011 (4) MPLJ 307 followed. [Paras 7 & 7.1
(3) Limitation Act, 1963 -- S.27 and Art.65 -- limitation for claim of title on basis of adverse possession -- 12 years -- application within 10 years -- mutation cannot be made on basis of such adverse possession. AIR 2004 SC 3782, AIR 1997 SC 2930, 2006 RN 107 (HC), 1988 RN 206 (HC) and 1989 RN 251 (HC) followed. [Paras 7.2 to 7.4
(4) Land Revenue Code, 1959 (M. P.) -- Ss.109 and 110 -- Registration Act, 1908 -- S.17 -- land given on oral lease -- no document filed -- oral contract cannot be treated as sale of land -- such transfer cannot be treated as legal transfer -- no title transferred in favour of applicant in absence of registered document -- mutation cannot be made on basis of such oral lease. [Paras 8(a) to 8(e)
(5) Registration Act, 1908 -- S.17 -- Transfer of Property Act, 1882 -- S.6 -- Contract Act, 1872 – S.23 -- transfer of land on oral lease -- validity -- without registration of document, such transfer is not valid and is void. [Paras 8(a) to 8(e)
(6) Land Revenue Code, 1959 (M. P.) -- S.50 -- suo motu revision -- limitation -- 180 days from date of knowledge, not from date of order. 2010 RN 409 = 2010(3) JLJ 77 (HC-FB) followed. [Paras 9 to 9.2 & 10
(7) Limitation -- order void or without jurisdiction -- question of limitation does not arise -- no bar of limitation. AIR 2001 SC 2552 and 1976 JLJ 18 followed. [Paras 9.2 to 10
(8) Land Revenue Code, 1959 (M. P.) -- S.176 -- abandonment of holding -- finding by Additional Collector that no enquiry made by Naib Tahsildar about abandonment of holding -- Collector directed to enquire whether land is obtained on lease or not -- if land is not obtained on lease, name of Bhumiswami Bajranga Mali be recorded -- in case of his death, name of his heirs be recorded -- revision partly allowed to this extent. [Paras 11 & 12

vkns'k
1- ;g fuxjkuh e-iz- Hkw&jktLo lafgrk] 1959 ¼ftls vkxs la{ksi esa lafgrk dgk tk,xk½ dh /kkjk 50 ds vUrxZr vij vk;qDr] pacy laHkkx }kjk ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 8-7-2010 ds fo#) izLrqr dh xbZ gSA
2- izdj.k ds rF; la{ksi esa bl izdkj gSa fd n~okfjdk izlkn iq= izgykn eh.kk fuoklh ik.Mksyk ds uk;c rglhynkj cM+kSnk ds le{k vkosnu nsdj crk;k fd xzke ik.Mksyk fLFkr Hkwfe losZ Øekad 1656 jdck 6 ch?kk ¼ftls vkxs iz'uk/khu Hkwfe dgk tk,xk½ ctjaxk iq= Hkaojyky ekyh ds uke 'kkldh; vfHkys[k esa vafdr gSA fdUrq bl Hkwfe dks ctjaxk us 4&5 o"kZ iwoZ #-5000@& ysdj vkosnd dks dCtk ns fn;k x;k] ftlds dkj.k mls HkwfeLokeh LoRo mRiUu gks x, gSa] vr% mlds uke Hkwfe dk bUnzkt fd;k tk,A uk;c rglhynkj us izdj.k Øekad 10@1998&99@v&46 iathc) dj lquokbZ mijkar vkns'k fnukad 30-9-1999 ds }kjk gfjdk izlkn eh.kk dks ewy ekfyd dh lgefr ds vk/kkj ij ekS#lh Ñ"kd vkSj fQj HkwfeLokeh vf/kdkj lafgrk dh /kkjk 168 ds rgr fn, x,A
vij dysDVj ';ksiqj }kjk uk;c rglhynkj ds izdj.k dk ijh{k.k djus ij vkns'k fnukad 30-9-1999 esa vfu;ferrk ik, tkus ij] izdj.k Loeso fuxjkuh esa ysdj iathc) fd;k x;k rFkk fgrc) i{kdkjksa dh lquokbZ mijkar vkns'k fnukad 30-3-2010 esa ;g fu"d"kZ fudkyk x;k fd vkosnd i{k ekS#lh Ñ"kd izekf.kr djus ds fy, dksbZ i;kZIr lk{; rglhy U;k;ky; ds le{k izLrqr ugha dj lds gSa( vr% lafgrk dh /kkjk 169 ds varxZr ekS#lh Ñ"kd ds vf/kdkj izkIr ugha gksrs gSaA QyLo:i uk;c rglhynkj dk vkns'k fnukad 30-9-1999 fujLr fd;k x;kA lkFk gh] ewy HkwfeLokeh us iz'uk/khu Hkwfe ds gd dk ifjR;kx dj nsus ls laca/kh dFku rglhy U;k;ky; ds le{k fn, gksus ds vk/kkj ij lafgrk dh /kkjk 176 ds varxZr lqlaxr dk;Zokgh gsrq uk;c rglhynkj ';ksiqj dks vknsf'kr fd;k x;kA
vij dysDVj ds vkns'k ds fo#) vkosnd }kjk vij vk;qDr] pacy ds le{k fuxjkuh izLrqr dh xbZA vij vk;qDr us vkns'k fnukad 8-7-2010 ls fuxjkuh vLohdkj dh xbZA vij vk;qDr] pacy ds blh vkns'k ls ifjosfnr gksdj ;g fuxjkuh U;k;ky; esa izLrqr dh xbZ gSA
3- vkosnd ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd }kjk eq[; :i ls rdZ izLrqr fd;k x;k fd v/khuLFk U;k;ky; vij dysDVj ,oa vij vk;qDr }kjk vfHkys[k ls foijhr fu"d"kZ fudkys x, gSaA ;g Hkh rdZ fd;k fd v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk fu"d"kZ fudkyk x;k gS fd izdj.k esa Hkwfe dk varj.k gqvk gS] fdUrq vkosnd }kjk iathdj.k 'kqYd ls cpus ds fy, ;g izfØ;k viukbZ xbZ gS( ;fn ,slk gS] rks vkosnd iathdj.k 'kqYd dk Hkqxrku djus ds fy, rS;kj gSaA rdZ esa ;g Hkh dgk x;k fd Loeso fuxjkuh dh dk;Zokgh dkQh yEcs vUrjky ds mijkar dh xbZ gSA 10 1@2 o"kZ dh nh?kZdkfyd vof/k ds ckn Loeso fuxjkuh ds vUrxZr dk;Zokgh ugha dh tk ldrh gSA muds }kjk fuxjkuh Lohdkj dh tkdj v/khuLFk U;k;ky; vij dysDVj ,oa vij vk;qDr dk vkns'k fujLr fd, tkus dk vuqjks/k fd;k x;kA
4- vukosnd 'kklu ds fo}ku 'kkldh; vfHkHkk"kd }kjk eq[; :i ls rdZ fd;k x;k fd vij dysDVj }kjk rglhynkj ds vkns'k esa vfu;ferrk ik, tkus ij izdj.k esa Loeso fuxjkuh esa fy;k x;k gSA tkudkjh fnukad ls izdj.k Loeso fuxjkuh esa fy, tkus dh dk;Zokgh dh xbZ gSA le;kof/k dh x.kuk vkns'k fnukad ls u gksdj vfu;ferrk dh tkudkjh dh fnukad ls dh tkrh gSA vij dysDVj }kjk fof/kor lquokbZ dk volj nsdj fof/kor~ vkns'k ikfjr fd;k x;k gSA vij dysDVj }kjk ikfjr vkns'k dks vij vk;qDr }kjk Hkh fLFkj j[kk x;k gSA muds }kjk fuxjkuh fujLr fd, tkus dk vuqjks/k fd;k x;kA
5- mHk; i{k ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd x;k }kjk izLrqr rdks± ds ifjizs{; esa vèkhuLFk U;k;ky;ksa ds vfHkys[kksa dk voyksdu fd;k x;kA
6- vij dysDVj us vij vkns'k ds i`"B 2 esa fuEu eqís mBk, gSa] tks fuEukuqlkj gSa &
¼d½ ekS#lh Ñ"kdRo dosy [kljk izfof"V;ksa ls fl) fd;k tk ldrk gSA
¼[k½ ekS:lh dk'rdkj ds bUnzkt fd, tkus okys [kljk ds dkye esa dCts dk bUnzkt ugha gS] ekS#l Ñ"kd ds vf/kdkj izkIr ugha gksrs gSaA
¼x½ iêk iznku djus laca/kh dksbZ nLrkost ugha gSa rFkk dCtk nsus dh dksbZ fofuZ"V rkjh[k ugha crkbZ xbZ gSA ek= dCts ds vk/kkj ij ek#lh Ñ"kd gksus dk gd izkIr ugha gks ldrkA
6-1 buds vfrfjDr] izdj.k esa fopkj.kh; eqík ;g gS fd D;k fopkj.k U;k;ky; rglhynkj dks vkosnd i{k dks ekS#lh Ñ"kd vkSj HkwfeLokeh ?kksf"kr djus dk vf/kdkj Fkk fd ughaA uk;c rglhynkj }kjk ;g vkns'k lafgrk dh fuEufyf[kr /kkjkvksa ds vk/kkj ij ikfjr fd;k x;k gS &
d& izFker% lafgrk dh