IN THE HIGH COURT OF MADHYA PRADESH
G.S. Ahluwalia, J.
Nirbhay Singh v. Sumat Prakash Jain
Miscellaneous Criminal Case No. 909 of 2025 (G); Decided on 24.3.2025
Criminal P.C. 1973 -- Ss. 145, 146 and 151 -- maintainability of attachment proceedings -- after selling property to respondents, applicant continuously trying to create ruckus in peaceful possession of receiver -- even threatened police to commit suicide on spot -- arrested in consequence -- civil suit already instituted by respondents for declaration of title of disputed property -- police justified in initiating proceedings u/s. 145 of CrPC complaining possibility of breach of peace -- in view of unruly conduct of appellant, no case made out warranting interference in order of Court below affirming attachment of disputed property -- application dismissed with cost of Rs. 20,000/-. AIR 1985 SC 472 and 2009 CrLJ 2753 (Utt.) referred to. [Paras 17 to 19]
naM çfØ;k lafgrk] 1973 & èkkjk 145] 146 rFkk 151 & dqdÊ dk;Zokgh pyus ;¨X; g¨uk & çR;FkÊx.k d¨ laifÙk foØ; djus d¢ i'pkr~ çkIrdrkZ d¢ 'kkafriw.kZ dCts esa vihykFkÊ fujarj vM+pu Mkyus d¢ fy, ç;kljr & ;gk¡ rd fd iqfyl d¨ ÄVukLFky ij vkRegR;k djus dh èkedh nh & ifj.kkeLo:i fxjrkj fd;k x;k & fookfnr laifÙk d¢ gd dh Ĩ"k.kk d¢ fy, çR;FkÊx.k }kjk igys gh flfoy okn lafLFkr & 'kkafrÒax dh laÒkouk dh f'kdk;r djrs gq, iqfyl }kjk naM çfØ;k lafgrk dh èkkjk 145 d¢ vèkhu dk;Zokgh vkjaÒ dh tkuk U;k;¨fpr & vihykFkÊ d¢ vfu;af=r vkpj.k dh n`f"V ls] fookfnr laifÙk dh dqdÊ vfÒiq"V djus okys fupys U;k;ky; d¢ vkns'k esa gLr{ksi okaNuh; cukus okyk ekeyk fl) ugÈ & vkosnu #i;s 20]000@& d¢ ifjO;; lfgr [kkfjtA ,vkbvkj 1985 ,llh 472 rFkk 2009 lhvkj,yts 2753 ¼mÙk-½ fufnZ"VA ¼iSjk 17 ls 19½
ORDER
1. This application under section 528 of BNSS has been filed against the order dated 18/11/2024 passed by Second Additional Judge to the Court of First Additional Sessions Judge Basoda, District Vidisha in Criminal Revision No.11/2023 by which the order dated 3.3.2023 passed by SDM, Basoda in Case No.7/criminal/145/2022, which was passed under section 146 of Cr.P.C. by attaching the disputed property has been affirmed.
2. It is submitted by counsel for applicant that an Istgasa was filed by police alleging the possibility of breach of peace. SDM while passing order under section 146 of Cr.P.C. did not record that there is any urgency or possibility of breach of peace and has passed an order of attachment and, therefore, the aforesaid order is a by product by non-application of effect. It is further submitted that the civil suit is pending between the parties and, therefore, in the light of judgment passed by the High Court of Nanital in the case of Rameshwar Havelia v. Asian Agro Farms India Ltd. and Ors. reported in 2009 CriLJ 2753 has held that proceedings under section 145 of Cr.P.C. are not maintainable and parties can approach the civil Court. Respondents have already approached the civil Court and there is nothing on record that any order of status quo has been passed.
3. Per contra, application is vehemently opposed by counsel for respondents.
4. Heard learned counsel for the parties.
5. When arguments were initiated by counsel for applicant, then a simple question was put to counsel for applicant with regard to status and the nature of relationship between applicant as well as respondents. It was submitted by Shri Shrama that applicant is the vendor who has allegedly sold the property in dispute to respondents by multiple different sale-deeds. Although, it was expected from the applicant himself that he should have placed those sale-deeds on record, but deliberately it was not filed. However, sale-deeds have been placed on record by respondents. From the sale-deeds, it is clear that there is a clear recital that possession of land has been delivered to respondents, who are the purchasers. However, counsel for applicant refused to comment upon the sale-deeds by submitting that he is not authorized to argue on the question of maintainability of proceedings under section 145 of Cr.P.C. and he has been authorized only to argue on the order passed under section 146 of Cr.P.C. and refused to answer the query raised by this Court.
6. Be that whatever it may be.
7. Two contentions raised by counsel for applicant for challenging the order under section 146 of Cr.P.C. are as under:-
(1) There is no emergency;
(2) There is no application of mind:
8. Although, according to applicant, he is not authorized to argue with regard to maintainability of proceedings under section 145 of Cr.P.C. still he tried to submit that on account of pendency of civil suit, the proceedings under section 145 of Cr.P.C. should not have been initiated.
9. This Court is not concerned about the authority given by litigant to his counsel, but this Court is concerned about the dispute in hand and, therefore, the attempt made by Shri Sharma to attack the proceedings under section 145 of Cr.P.C. on the basis of pendency of civil suit shall also be considered.
10. Today, I.A.No.6820/2025 has been filed by respondents by way of return alongwith multiple documents.
11. All these documents are certified copies, therefore, it is clear that they are records of judicial proceedings and in fact it was expected from the applicant that he should have filed the same, but unfortunately that was not done.
12. Be that whatever it may.
13. Istgasa No.30/2022, which was filed by police, reads as under:-
^^Jheku~ ,l-Mh-,e- eg¨n; xatckl©nk fuosnu gS fd leniqj xat ckl©nk Jheku d¢ {ks=kUrxZr vkrk gS vkt fnukad xzke leniqj esa lqfer çdk'k tSu d¢ [ksr esa vukosnd iq"isUæ firk fuÒZ; flag nkaxh mez 26 o"kZ ,oa fuÒZ; flag firk xaxkjke nkaxh mez 51 o"kZ fuoklhx.k leniqj mldh l¨;kchu dh
The court emphasized that attachment orders under emergency provisions must be backed by compelling evidence of imminent danger to public peace, otherwise it constitutes a misuse of legal process.
Point of Law : Section 145 of Code concerned with restoration of possession and prevention of breach of peace and tranquillity.
Injunction cannot be passed against a co-owner, and possession is crucial in resolving disputes under Section 145 of CrPC. Civil court decisions are binding on criminal court proceedings, and multipl....
Parallel proceedings under Section 145 Cr.P.C. are impermissible when a civil suit regarding the same property is pending, as the civil court's decisions on title and possession are binding.
Executive Magistrate must ascertain actual possession and genuine threat to peace before initiating proceedings under Sections 145 and 146 Cr.P.C.
The Executive Magistrate must determine actual possession and cannot adjudicate rights; attachment of property requires emergent circumstances and imminent danger of breach of peace.
(1) Apprehension of breach of peace – Sections 145 and 146 of Cr.P.C. together constitute a scheme for resolution of a situation where there is a likelihood of a breach of peace because of a dispute ....
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