IN THE HIGH COURT OF MADHYA PRADESH
Milind Ramesh Phadke, J.
Chatur Singh & Others v. Khemraj Singh & Others
Writ Petition No. 39575 of 2024 (Gwalior): against the order dated 26.3.2021 passed by the Sub-Divisional Officer, Morar, District Gwalior in Case No. 0021/Appeal/2020-21;
Decided on 6.2.2025
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¼2½ uSlfxZd U;k; && lquokà dk volj && le;oftZr vihy && ;kphx.k d¨ lquokà dk volj çnku fd, fcuk rFkk foyac ekQ fd, fcuk] vihy xzg.k dh xà vkSj j¨d vkns'k çnku fd;k x;k && lacafèkr çkfèkdkjh }kjk lquokà dk volj çnku fd;k tkuk vko';d gS && ifjlhek vfèkfu;e dh èkkjk 5 d¢ vèkhu vkosnu dk fofu'p;u fd, fcuk] vihy çkfèkdkjh us ekeys esa vfxze dk;Zokgh dh && vkf{kIr vkns'k ikfjr djrs le; uSlfxZd U;k; d¢ fl)karksa dk vuqlj.k ugha fd;k x;k && vkns'k ,oa vihy dh dk;Zokgh vikLr dh xÃA ¼2023½ 6 ,llhlh 1 vuqlfjrA ¼iSjk 9 ,oa 10
(1) Land Revenue Code, 1959 (M. P.) -- Ss. 44 (1) and 52 -- Limitation Act, 1963 -- S. 5 -- time-barred appeal -- without providing hearing opportunity to opposite party, without deciding application under section 5, without condoning delay, appeal admitted and interim relief/stay order granted till final disposal of appeal -- Tahsildar directed to open closed path -- it is illegal -- without condonation of delay, appeal does not exist -- right crystalizes in favor of other party when period of limitation expires -- condonation of delay not mere formality -- not even one day's delay can be condoned without hearing opposite party -- impugned order and proceedings in appeal set aside -- matter remanded to SDO for deciding application under section 5 after giving hearing opportunity to petitioners and parties interested. [Paras 7 & 10
(2) Natural Justice -- opportunity of hearing -- time barred appeal -- without providing opportunity of hearing to petitioners and without condoning of delay, appeal admitted and stay order granted -- incumbent upon authority concerned to afford opportunity of hearing -- without deciding application under section 5 of Limitation Act, appellate authority proceeded further in matter -- principles of natural justice not followed by while passing impugned order -- order and proceedings in appeal set aside. (2023) 6 SCC 1 followed. [Paras 9 & 10
ORDER
1. The present petition, under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, has been filed by the petitioners being aggrieved by the order dated 26.3.2021 passed in Case No.0021/Appeal/2020-21 alongwith its proceedings whereby the learned Sub-Divisional Officer, Morar, District Gwalior without condoning of delay in filing the said had granted the interim relief as under:
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Assailing the said order and the proceedings thereof to be violative of principle of natural justice and without granting opportunity of hearing, the present petition has been filed.
2. Shri N.K. Gupta – learned Senior Advocate alongwith Shri YPS Rathore – Advocate for the petitioners has argued before this Court that the First Appellate Authority/Sub-Divisional Officer had committed error in not deciding the application for condonotion of delay preferred by the present petitioner No.2 alongwith his appeal under section 5 of the Limitation Act and had went on to pass an interim order order dated 26.3.2021 whereby the learned Tehsildar of Circle Badagon was directed to open the closed path in Survey No.68 of Village Parampur Kheria till final disposal of the appeal, whereas, it is settled principle of law that without condoning the delay, there is no appeal in existence and no appeal can be heard and the application seeking condonation of delay has to be considered by the Court first.
3. While placing reliance on the judgment passed by the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the matter of reported in Popat Bahiru Govardhane & Others v. Special Land Acquisition Officer & Another reported in (2013) 10 SCC 765, it was argued that it is a settled legal proposition that law of limitation may harshly affect a particular party but it has to be applied with all its rigour when the statute so prescribes and the Court has no power to extend the period of limitation on equitable grounds. It was further submitted that the statutory provision may cause hardship or inconvenience to a particular party but the court has no choice but to enforce it giving full effect to the same and the legal maxim dura lex sed lex which means "the law is hard but it is the law", stands attracted in such a situation, as "inconvenience is not" a decisive factor to be considered while interpreting a statute and a result flowing from a statutory provision is never an evil. A court has no power to ignore that provision to relieve what it considers a distress resulting from its operation.
4. It was further submitted that the Appellate Court, without providing any opportunity of hearing to the petitioner proceeded with the matter and granted interim relief to the respondents in the appeal in his absence, thus, the order impugned is liable to be quashed and the matter is required to be remanded back to the Sub-Divisional Officer, Morar to consider the application under Section 5 of the Limitation Act afresh after giving proper opportunity of hearing to the petitioners and parties interested.
5. Per contra, counsel for respondent No.5 has submitted that no illegality has been committed by both the Court below in passing the impugned order herein, therefore, no interference is warranted in the matter.
6. Heard.
7. Admittedly, it is settled principle of law that without condoning the delay, there is no existence of an appeal and the record which is placed before this Court does not reflect that the First appellate Court had ever condoned the delay in filing the appeal; rather, it appears that straight away the First appellate Court had admitted the appeal and had granted interim relief vide order dated 26.3.2021 whereby the learned Tehsildar of Circle Badagon was directed to open the closed path in Survey No.68 of Village Parampur Kheria till final disposal of the appeal which is per se illegal, as
Rules of limitation are meant to prevent dilatory tactics and ensure prompt remedy, and stringent conditions to explain each day's delay cannot be imposed in every case.
An appeal that is time-barred cannot be entertained without a proper application for condonation of delay, and such a defect is curable if addressed promptly.
Point of law: While considering the application for condonation of delay no straight jacket formula is prescribed to come to the conclusion if sufficient and good grounds have been made out or not. E....
No meritorious claim should be defeated on mere cause of delay especially in situation where delay was sufficiently explained.
The main legal point established in the judgment is the importance of adhering to principles of natural justice, procedural provisions, and the need for judicious exercise of discretion in condoning ....
The Court emphasized the importance of natural justice, asserting that a party must be afforded a hearing before any decisions that impact their rights are made, especially in the context of ex-parte....
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