SupremeToday Landscape Ad
Back
Next
Judicial Analysis Court Copy Headnote Facts Arguments Court observation
Listen Audio Icon Pause Audio Icon
judgment-img

2025 Supreme(MP) 407

IN THE HIGH COURT OF MADHYA PRADESH
G. S. Ahluwalia, J.
Mohit Sadana v. Vijay Kumar Goyal
Civil Revision No. 169 of 2024 (Gwalior);
Decided on 16.6.2025

Advocates appeared:
Prakash Chandra Chandil for petitioner;
Sameer Kumar Shrivastava for respondents/State.

Headnote:

(1) Commercial Courts Act, 2015 -- Ss. 2(1)(c)(vii), 2(1)(i) and 12 -- commercial dispute -- in order to find whether dispute is commercial dispute or not, one has to conjointly read clauses (c)(vii) and (i) of sub-section (1) of S. 2 and S. 12 of Act -- words "used exclusively in trade or commerce" are to be interpreted purposefully -- word "used" denotes "actually used" -- it cannot be either "ready for use" or "likely to be used" or "to be used" -- it should be "actually used" -- nothing on record to show that when agreement to sell came to be executed in 2012, property was being exclusively used in trade and commerce so as to bring dispute within ambit of sub-clause (vii) of S. 2(1)(c) -- property is likely to be used in relation to trade and commerce, cannot be ground to attract jurisdiction of Commercial Court. [Paras 9 & 11

(2) Civil P. C., 1908 -- O. 7 R. 11 -- Commercial Courts Act, 2015 -- S. 2(1)(c)(vii) -- jurisdiction of civil Court -- suit for eviction from shop -- held -- only suits, appeals or applications relating to commercial dispute of specified value are to be tried by Commercial Court -- merely because suit shop is being used for carrying out business or trade, suit for eviction from suit shop would not fall within definition of commercial dispute of specified value -- trial Court did not commit any mistake by rejecting application under O. 7 R. 11, CPC. (2020) 15 SCC 585 followed. 2016 Supreme (Guj.) 1202 and C. R. No. 24 of 2024 decided on 15.4.2024 (Jab.) relied on. CS/3/2019 decided on 10.11.2022 (Kol.) referred to. [Paras 9, 12 & 13

¼1½ okf.kfT;d U;k;ky; vf/kfu;e] 2015 && /kkjk 2¼1½¼x½ (vii), 2¼1½¼>½ rFkk 12 && okf.kfT;d fookn && dksbZ fookn && dksbZ fookn okf.kfT;d fookn gS ;k ugha] ;g tkuus ds fy, vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 2 dh mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds [kaM ¼x½ (vii) vkSj ¼>½rFkk /kkjk 12 dks la;qär% iढ+uk gksrk gS &&ßftldk ç;ksx vuU; :i ls O;kikj ;k okf.kT; esa fd;k tkrk gSß 'kCnksa dk fuopu ç;kstuijd fd;k tkuk gksrk gS 'kCn ßç;ksxß ls ßokLrfod ç;ksxß |ksfrr gS && og ßç;ksx ds fy, rS;kjß ;k ßftldk ç;ksx fd, tkus dh laHkkouk gSß ;k ßç;ksx fd;k tkuk gSß ugha gks ldrk og ßokLrfod ç;ksxß gksuk pkfg, && vfHkys[k ij ;g n'kkZus ds fy, dqN ugha fd tc lu~ 2012 esa foØ; djkj fu"ikfnr gqvk rc laifÙk dk ç;ksx vuU; :i ls O;kikj ;k okf.kT; esa fd;k tk jgk Fkk] rkfd fookn /kkjk 2¼1½¼x½ ds mi[kaM (vii) dh ifjf/k esa vk lds laifÙk dk ç;ksx O;kikj vkSj okf.kT; ds laca/k esa fd, tkus dh laHkkouk okf.kfT;d U;k;ky; dh vf/kdkfjrk vk—"V djus dk vk/kkj ugha gks ldrhA ¼iSjk 9 ,oa 11

¼2½ flfoy çfØ;k lafgrk] 1908 && vk- 7 fu- 11 && okf.kfT;d U;k;ky; vf/kfu;e] 2015 && /kkjk 2¼1½¼x½ (vii) && flfoy U;k;ky; dh vf/kdkfjrk && nqdku ls csn[kyh dk okn && vfHkfu/kkZfjr && okf.kfT;d U;k;ky; }kjk dsoy fofufnZ"V ewY; ds okf.kfT;d fookn ls lacaf/kr oknksa] vihyksa ;k vkosnuksa dk fopkj.k fd;k tkuk gksrk gS && ek= blfy, fd oknxzLr nqdku dk ç;ksx dkjckj ;k O;kikj djus ds fy, fd;k tk jgk gS] oknxzLr nqdku ls csn[kyh dk okn fofufnZ"V ewY; ds okf.kfT;d fookn dh ifjHkk"kk esa ugha vk tk,xk && fopkj.k U;k;ky; us vk- 7 fu- 11- flfoy çfØ;k lafgrk ds v/khu vkosnu ukeatwj dj dksbZ Hkwy ugha dhA ¼2020½ 15 ,llhlh 585 vuqlfjrA 2016 lqçhe ¼xqt-½ 1202 rFkk flfoy iqujh{k.k Ø- 24 lu~ 2024 fu.khZr fnukad 15-4-2024 ¼tc-½ voyafcrA lh,l@3@2019 fu.khZr fnukad 10-11-2022 ¼dksy-½ fufnZ"VA ¼iSjk 9] 12 ,oa 13

ORDER

1. This civil revision has been filed against the order dated 21.2.2024 passed by Second Civil Judge, Junior Division, Shivpuri in RCSA No.120/2022, by which application filed by petitioner under Order 7 rule 11, CPC for rejection of plaint has been dismissed.

2. Facts necessary for disposal of present revision, in short, are that respondent filed a suit for eviction from the suit shop. The petitioner filed an application under Order 7 rule 11, CPC on the ground that since trade and business is being carried out by petitioner from the suit premises, therefore in view of section 2(1)(c)(vii) of the Commercial Courts Act, 2015 (for short “the Act”), jurisdiction of civil Court is barred and thus the civil Court should have rejected the plaint on the ground of lack of jurisdiction. To buttress his contention, counsel for petitioner has relied upon judgment passed by Calcutta High Court in the case of Maharshi Commerce Limited v. Rajiv R. Balani & Ors. decided on 10.11.2022 in CS/3/2019 (IA No. GA/6/2022).

3. Per contra, revision is vehemently opposed by counsel for the respondent. It is submitted that merely because the suit for eviction from the suit shop has been instituted on various grounds as mentioned in section 12 of the Madhya Pradesh Accommodation Control Act, the dispute would not become a commercial dispute. To buttress his contention, counsel for respondent has relied upon judgment passed by Division Bench of High Court of Gujarat in the case of Ujwala Raje Gaekwar v. Hemaben Achyut Shah and Ors. reported in 2016 0 Supreme (Guj) 1202 and order passed by a coordinate Bench of this Court in the case of M/s. Bhopal Fracture Hospital and others v. Savitri Devi Vijjaywargiya decided on 15.4.2024 in CR No. 24/2024 (Principal Seat).

4. Heard learned counsel for the parties.

5. So far as the judgment relied upon by the counsel for petitioner in the case of Maharshi Commerce Limited (supra), is concerned, it is fairly conceded by counsel for petitioner that the said judgment is subject matter of SLP which is pending before the Supreme Court and there is an interim order. Under these circumstances, this Court is of considered opinion that once there is an interim order in SLP arising out of Maharshi Commerce Limited (supra), then it would not be appropriate for this Court to rely upon the reasoning assigned in the said order.

6. “Commercial dispute” has been defined under section 2(1)(c) of the Act. Section 2(1)(c)(vii) of the Act provides for “agreements relating to immovable property used exclusively in trade or commerce”. In the present case, petitioner, who is tenant in the suit shop, is carrying out business from the tenanted premises.

7. "Specified value" has been defined under section 2(1)(i) of the Act, which provides that “specified value in relation to commercial dispute, shall mean the value of the subject matter in respect of a suit as determined in accordance with section 12, which shall not be less than 3 lakh rupees, or such higher value, as may be notified by the Central Government.”

8. Section 12 of the Act reads as under :--

12. Determination of Specified Value -- (1)The Specified Value of the subject-matter of the commercial dispute in a suit, appeal or application shall be determined in the following manner :––

(a) where the relief sought in a suit or application is for recovery of money, the money sought to be recovered in the suit or application inclusive of interest, if any, computed up to the date of filing of the suit or application, as the case may be, shall be taken into account for determining such Specified Value;

(b)where the relief sought in a suit, appeal or application relates to movable property or to a right therein, the market value of the movable property as on the date of filing of the suit, appeal or application, as the case may be, shall be taken into account for determining such Specified Value;

(c)where the relief sought in a suit, appeal or application relates to immovable

Click Here to Read the rest of this document
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
SupremeToday Portrait Ad
supreme today icon
logo-black

An indispensable Tool for Legal Professionals, Endorsed by Various High Court and Judicial Officers

Please visit our Training & Support
Center or Contact Us for assistance

qr

Scan Me!

India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!

For Daily Legal Updates, Join us on :

whatsapp-icon Back to top