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2026 Supreme(MP) 86

IN THE HIGH COURT OF MADHYA PRADESH AT GWALIOR
ANAND SINGH BAHRAWAT, J.
Laxmi Singh Tomar (Deleted) Jagdish Singh Tomar – Petitioner
Versus
The State of Madhya Pradesh Thr And Others – Respondents
Writ Petition No. 7989 of 2015
Decided On : 08-05-2026

Advocates appeared:
Shri Dharmendra Singh Raghuvanshi - learned counsel for the petitioner.
Smt. Monika Mishra- learned Government Advocate for the respondents No. 1 to 4/State.
None for respondents No. 5 and 6.

The principle of 'no work no pay' is inapplicable when an employee is willing to work but is prevented from doing so by the employer's actions or failure to comply with reinstatement orders, entitling the employee to full back wages for the period of forced absence.

Headnote:(A) Service Law - Principle of 'No Work No Pay' - Applicability - The normal rule of 'no work no pay' is not applicable to cases where the employee, although willing to work, is kept away from work by the authorities for no fault of their own - Where the employer creates a situation in which the employee cannot work, the principle does not apply. (Paras 8, 9, 10, 11)

(B) Service Law - Back wages - Entitlement - Where an order of termination is quashed by a competent authority and the employee is prevented from joining duty despite repeated attempts and valid orders, the employee is entitled to salary for the period they were kept away from service. (Paras 13, 14)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner, an employee of an aided institution, was terminated from service. The termination order was subsequently quashed by the competent authority, which directed reinstatement. Despite multiple directives from the authorities, the institution failed to allow the petitioner to join. The petitioner remained out of service for several years through no fault of their own, eventually joining after further litigation. The petitioner sought arrears of salary for the period of forced absence and retiral benefits.

Findings of Court:
The court found that the petitioner was willing to work but was prevented by the employer. The initial order of reinstatement remained valid and was never set aside. Consequently, the principle of 'no work no pay' was held inapplicable.

Issues: Whether the principle of 'no work no pay' applies when an employee is prevented from performing duties by the employer despite valid orders for reinstatement.

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that when an employee is kept away from work by the authorities for no fault of their own, they are entitled to back wages, as the employer-created situation precludes the application of the 'no work no pay' rule.

Result: Petition allowed. Respondents directed to pay salary arrears with interest and grant consequential benefits.

Table of Content
1. factual background and claims regarding wrongful denial of service. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6)
2. inapplicability of 'no work no pay' when employer prevents service. (Para 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11)
3. entitlement to back wages and consequential benefits due to unlawful termination. (Para 12 , 13 , 14 , 15)

ORDER

The original petitioner has filed this petition praying for following reliefs:-

"(i) That, the respondents be directed to pay arrear of salary w.e.f. Jan. 2001 till Feb. 2014 with the interest of Rs. 18% Ρ.Α.

(ii) That, the respondents may kindly be directed to fix the pay as per the 5th and 6th pay commission recommendation.

(iii) That, the respondents may kindly be further directed to the CPF fund to the petitioner as per entitlement.

iv) That, the other relief doing justice including cost be awarded."

2. Learned counsel for the petitioner submitted that the original petitioner was initially appointed on the post of UDT w.e.f.01/07/1974 in Rishi Galav Middle School, Morena (M.P.)/respondent no.4 which is an Aided Institution receiving grant-in-aid by the State Government. Learned counsel submitted that the petitioner was working continuously before the said institution till 08/02/2002, vide order dated 08/02/2002 (Annexure-P/3), the services of the petitioner was terminated by the respondent. Learned counsel for the petitioner submits that the petitioner has challenged the aforesaid order before the District Education Officer and vide order dated 04/10/2002, District Education Officer has quashed the termination order dated 08/02/2002 and directed to respondent no.4 to re-instate the petitioner's services and to pay balance salary to the petitioner. Learned counsel for the petitioner submitted that in compliance of the aforesaid order, joining of the petitioner has not been accepted by respondent no.4. Thereafter, the appeal was filed before CEO, Jila Panchayat Morena. The said appeal has been rejected by the CEO on the ground of maintainability and again on 21/01/2008, the CEO, Jila Panchayat has passed the similar order that he is not having jurisdiction to decide the appeal. Thereafter, the District Education Officer vide order dated 02/05/2008 and 04/09/2008 directed respondent no.4 to accept joining of the petitioner. Again vide order dated 24/01/2009, the District Education Officer directed to respondent nos.5 and 6 to accept joining of the petitioner but respondents no.5 and 6 have not accepted joining of the petitioner, therefore, the petitioner filed W.P. No.1236/2009(s) for direction to the respondents to join the services of the petitioner and to pay arrears of salary. The aforesaid petition has been decided vide order dated 07/02/2012. Thereafter, the petitioner has preferred Review Petition No.361/2012 which was disposed of vide order dated 19/10/2012 directing the District Education Officer, Morena to take proper steps regarding implementation of order dated 04/10/2002. Learned counsel for the petitioner further submitted that the District Education Officer has passed order dated 10/02/2014 and thereby respondents no.5 and 6 have accepted the joining of the petitioner on 19/02/2014 and thereafter the petitioner was retired w.e.f. 31/07/2022 on attaining the age of superannuation. Learned counsel for the petitioner also submitted that respondents have not paid retiral dues as also not paid the salary from 08/02/2002 till 19/02/2012. He also submitted that when the retiral dues were not paid, the petitioner submitted representation but the respondents have not considered the same, therefore, the present petition has been filed.

3. Learned counsel for the petitioner submitted that order dated 04/10/2002 passed by the District Education Officer was never set- aside/quashed by any higher authority and despite order dated 04/10/2002, respondents no.5 and 6 have not accepted joining of the petitioner and they have not paid salary to the petitioner from 08/02/2002. Learned counsel also submitted that the

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