IN THE HIGH COURT FOR THE STATE OF TELANGANA AT HYDERABAD
K. Surender, J.
K. Shankar - Appellant
Versus
State ACB rep by Inspector of Police Anti Corruption Bureau – Respondent
Criminal Appeal No.463 OF 2007
Decided On : 20-06-2023
Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 - Section 7, 13(1)(d), (2) - Demand of bribe - Appeal against conviction - Appellant demanded an amount to be paid as bribe to extend official favour of not initiating action - Held, In absence of proof of demand and also that any official work was pending with appellant, mere recovery of amount at instance of appellant cannot be made basis to convict him - P.W.1 stated that he has thrust amount into pocket of appellant - Same is evidence of P.W.2, when there is no evidence as to what transpired in between P.Ws.1 and 2 and appellant apart from evidence of P.Ws.1 and 2 and further there being no corroboration by any of official witness to state that it was appellant with whom work of P.W.1 was pending or person responsible to initiate proceedings against P.W.1, benefit of doubt has to be extended to appellant - Criminal Appeal allowed.
JUDGMENT :
1. The appellant is aggrieved by the conviction under Section 7 and 13(1)(d) r/w 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act and sentenced to one year rigorous imprisonment and to pay fine of Rs.2,000/- under each count vide judgment in C.C.No.23 of 2021 dated 13.04.2007 passed by the Principal Special Judge for SPE & ACB Cases, City Civil Courts, Hyderabad, present appeal is filed.
2. Briefly, the case of the prosecution is that on 23.05.1999, P.Ws.5 and 6, who are the officials of A.P. Transco visited the house of P.W.1 and inspected the service connection bearing No.1129 and it was found that P.W.1 was extracting energy by-passing the meter by providing a loop wire from the incoming phase of the meter to cut out-going to the terminal. Since it was a case of pilferage of energy, an inspection note was prepared and handed over to the appellant for proceeding further by the competent authority. P.W.1 enquired about the said proceedings and he was asked to meet the appellant. P.W.1 met the appellant on 14.06.1999 and enquired about the case. The appellant allegedly informed that he has to pay an amount of Rs.18,000/- towards fine. P.W.1 pleaded with the appellant and the appellant demanded an amount of Rs.5,000/- to be paid as bribe to extend official favour of not initiating action. On repeated requests made by P.w.1, the bribe amount was reduced to Rs.3,000/-. The said amount was asked to be paid on 21.06.1999. P.W.1 approached ACB office on 20.06.1999 and lodged the complaint at 10.00 a.m with the DSP-P.W.9.
3. P.W.9 instructed P.W.1 to come on the next day. After verification of the antecedents of the appellant and genuineness of the complaint, permission was sought and crime was registered on 21.06.1999 and on the same day i.e., P.W.3 and another government officials were asked to act as mediators to the trap to be laid on the basis of the complaint of P.W.1. Ex.P9 is the complaint drafted by P.W.2 and given by P.W.1 on 20.06.1999. Having verified the contents, the mediator/P.W.3 drafted the proceedings Ex.P20. Having concluded the preliminary proceedings in the office, around 11.00 a.m, the trap party went to the office of the appellant situated in Karimnagar on two wheelers. P.W.2 was asked by P.W.9/DSP to accompany P.W.1 and inform about the happenings between P.W.1 and the appellant. Both P.Ws.1 and 2 entered into the office. At the same time, P.W.2 gave a pre-arranged signal intimating the acceptance of bribe by the appellant in the snacks bar. The trap party entered into the snacks bar in the office premises. Sodium carbonate solution was prepared in two glasses and the appellant was asked to rinse both his hands and also fingers separately. Both the solutions turned positive. On questioning by P.w.9, the bribe amount was handed over to the trap party from his shirt pocket. The said amount was seized and the proceedings were concluded in the office premises at 2.15 p.m. Ex.P20 is the post trap proceedings.
4. The investigation was handed over to P.W.11/Inspector, who completed investigation and filed charge sheet for the offences under Section 7 and 13(1)(d) r/w Section 13(2) of the Act.
5. Learned Special Judge examined P.Ws.P1 to P11 and marked Exs.P1 to P28 on behalf of the prosecution. D.W.1 was examined on behalf of the appellant and Exs.D1 and D2 were marked.
6. Learned counsel appearing for the appellant would submit that both the complainant and P.W.2/accompanying witness turned hostile to the prosecution case and also stated that the amount was thrust into the pocket of the appellant. Further, the prosecution failed to prove the aspect of demand since P.W.1 has disowned the complaint and the contents of complaint Ex.P9 were not proved. Both P.Ws.1 and 2 denied any kind of demand by the appellant, as such, the appellant is entitled to be acquitted of the charge. He relied on the judgment of Hon’ble Supreme Court in the cases of;
i) B.Jayaraj v. State of A.P in Criminal Appeal No.696 of 2014;
ii) K.Sh
Neeraj Dutta v. State (Government of NCT of Delhi) 2022 LiveLaw (SC) 1029
Illegal gratification – Prosecution would succeed only when factum of demand is proved – Recovery aspect cannot be considered to infer that bribe was demanded.
The necessity of proving both the demand for a bribe and the execution of works is essential for a conviction under the Prevention of Corruption Act.
Point of Law : When amount was recovered from the table drawer and once demand is not proved, which is sine qua non proof, an offence under Section 7 of the Act is not proved, the prosecution fails.
The prosecution must prove the demand for bribe beyond reasonable doubt, and contradictory evidence from the main witness can lead to acquittal.
The prosecution must prove both the demand and acceptance of a bribe; mere recovery of money is insufficient for conviction without evidence of demand.
The court established that mere acceptance of a bribe without direct demand or capacity to influence does not constitute an offence under the Prevention of Corruption Act.
Point of Law : Mere recovery from AO2 would not entail prosecution to seek drawl of presumption under Section 20 of Prevention of Corruption Act and shift burden on to appellant.
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