IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
ALOK KUMAR PANDEY, J.
Ramesh Singh S/O Late Harsing Narayan Singh - Appellants
Versus
The State of Bihar Bihar - Respondents
CRIMINAL APPEAL (SJ) No.667 of 2010
Decided On : 20-01-2026
Indian Penal Code, 1860—Section 354—Indian Evidence Act, 1872—Section 118—Attempt to outrage modesty—Conviction and sentence—Torch is source of identification but torch has not been produced and no seizure list was made which is available on record—Bangles of victim was broken but same was not seized and no seizure list was available on record—Statement of victim suffers from infirmities, inconsistencies and no reliance can be placed upon statements of victim—It is primary duty of Court to testify competency of child witness while asking relevant questions but here no relevant questions were asked to testify whether child witness is competent to answer rational questions—Investigating Officer has not been examined who is material witness on the point of identifying place of occurrence— Omission to examine Investigating Officer has caused serious prejudice to defence—On the point of motive behind occurrence, statement of witnesses are quite contradictory—Evidence of prosecution witnesses does not inspire confidence—Judgment of conviction and order of sentence hereby set aside—Appeal allowed. (Paras 18.1, 22, 24, 26, 29, 30, 31, 39 and 40)
Criminal Procedure Code, 1973—Section 313—Examination of accused—It is duty of Trial Court to put each material circumstance appearing in evidence against accused specifically, distinctively and separately—Failure to put material circumstances to accused amounts to serious irregularity—It will vitiate trial if it is shown to have prejudiced accused—In a given case, case can be remanded to Trial Court from stage of recording supplementary statement of concerned accused under Section 313 of Cr.P.C. (Para 37)
Cases Referred:
Behari Prasad vs. State of Bihar, (1996) 2 SCC 317; Syed Ibrahim versus State of Andhra Pradesh, (2008) 10 SCC 601; Raj Kumar alias Suman vs. State (NCT of Delhi), AIR 2023 SC 3113—Relied.
| Table of Content |
|---|
| 1. typographical error doesn't affect conviction. (Para 1 , 2) |
| 2. judgment protects victim's identity. (Para 3 , 4) |
| 3. prosecution established case via fir & witness statements. (Para 5 , 6 , 10) |
| 4. defendant's defense emphasized inconsistencies and lack of evidence. (Para 11 , 12 , 13) |
| 5. prosecution witnesses' testimonies revealed inconsistencies. (Para 18 , 19 , 22 , 23) |
| 6. non-examination of investigating officer caused prejudice. (Para 25 , 26) |
| 7. prosecution failed to prove intent for section 354 ipc. (Para 29 , 30) |
| 8. inconsistency voided prosecution under multiple charges. (Para 32 , 33) |
| 9. conviction overturned due to insufficient evidence. (Para 40 , 41 , 42 , 43) |
JUDGMENT :
It is necessary to highlight certain correction required which has not been made at an earlier stage and the office has not taken pain at the time of admission to correct it and they have not made objection on the same point and during the course of dictation, it came to fore that in the impugned judgment of conviction, “Bajpatti P.S. Case No. 18 of 2002” has wrongly been mentioned as “Bajpatti P.S. Case No. 8 of 2002”. From the perusal of all the record, it is found that everywhere Bajpatti P.S. Case No. 18 of 2002 has been mentioned. Even in the FIR, charge-sheet mentions Bajpatti P.S. Case No. 18 of 2002. However, the facts as asserted in judgment are same as mentioned in the FIR. Hence, only it may be taken as typographical error which has been left out inadvertently without having correction. So, no need to send the file for correction as the appeal is pending since 2002 and on 20.01.2026 the judgment has already been orally pronounced.
2. Heard learned counsel for the appellant and learned Additional Public Prosecutor for the State.
3. The name of the victim has not been disclosed in the present judgment to protect her privacy, prestige and dignity.
4. The present appeal is directed against the judgment of conviction and order of sentence dated 26.06.2010 passed by learned Additional Sessions Judge, Fast Track Court No.-III, Sitamarhi in Sessions Trial No. 298 of 2003/168 of 2005 whereby and whereunder the appellant has been convicted for the offence punishable under Section 354 of the Indian Penal Code and has been sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for two years.
5. On the basis of fardbeyan of informant/PW6 recorded at Bajpatti Police Station at 10:30 PM, the prosecution case is that the informant (PW6) who is resident of village Ratwara, tola Bishanpura and was doing business at Kolkata. On 21.03.2002 at 9:00 PM informant alongwith his daughter (PW5) was sitting on cot in verandah of the house and wife (PW4) and daughter (PW1) of informant were sitting beside him on mat and they were warming themselves by the fire. Meantime, appellant along with other two persons came at the door of informant and fired on him by means of pistol which hit the wall. Upon which, while raising alarm wife (PW4) and daughter (PW1) of informant came out of the house and the accused/appellant caught hold the hand of victim (PW1) but on the alarm raised by the informant’s wife and his daughter, villagers arrived at the spot, causing the appellant to flee along with his associates, leaving behind one slipper at the place of occurrence. It is disclosed by the informant that appellant used to visit the house of his cousin brother and the same was protested by him. So, the appellant had grudge against the informant and on account of the said annoyance, accused/appellant fired on him and caught hold the hand of daughter of informant and assaulted the wife of informant.
6. On the basis of written statement given by the informant/PW-6, Bajpatti P.S. Case No. 18 of 2002 was registered under Sections 307, 341, 323, 354 of the IPC and Section 27 of the Arms Act . Routine investigation followed. Statement of witnesses came to be recorded and on the completion of investigation, charge sheet has been submitted against the appellant under Sections 307, 341, 323, 354

The prosecution failed to prove the appellant's guilt beyond a reasonable doubt due to contradictions in witness testimonies and absence of corroborating evidence.
Non-examination of the Investigating Officer and critical medical witnesses raises doubts about the prosecution's case, necessitating acquittal due to insufficient evidence beyond a reasonable doubt.
The prosecution failed to prove beyond a reasonable doubt due to unreliable witness testimonies and procedural errors, resulting in the acquittal of the appellants.
The prosecution must prove the elements of 'criminal force' or 'assault' to sustain a conviction under Section 354 IPC, which was not established in this case.
Prosecution must provide reliable evidence, including original injury reports, to establish guilt beyond reasonable doubt; inconsistencies and lack of corroborating evidence may lead to acquittal.
The main legal point established in the judgment is that the testimony of witnesses, even if related to the deceased, should not be automatically discarded, and minor discrepancies in the evidence sh....
Hurt, attempt to murder and house trespass – Dock identification has no meaning at all where Investigating Officer has not been examined and TIP is not available on record – Dock identification by fe....
The central legal point established in the judgment is the requirement for the prosecution to prove the case beyond reasonable doubt, including the place of occurrence and the examination of crucial ....
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