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2000 Supreme(SC) 1063

K.T.THOMAS, D.P.MOHAPATRA
K. K. Patel – Appellant
Versus
State Of Gujarat – Respondent


JUDGMENT

Thomas, J.-Leave granted.

2. This case is policeman versus policeman. For six years now the case is still drifting in the first phase itself, as its very right of entry into the criminal court is under challenge. The Sessions Court in revisional proceedings upheld the objections raised by the accused that prosecution is not maintainable but the High Court in a second revision held that sessions court had transgressed the jurisdiction as no revisional powers could have been exercised by the Sessions Judge at that stage. It is the said decision of the Division Bench of the High Court of Gujarat which is being challenged in this appeal.

3. A Deputy Superintendent of Police (for convenience he can be referred to hereinafter as "the respondent-police officer) filed a complaint before the Metropolitan Magistrate, Ahmedabad, against two other police officers one of whom was a Superintendent of Police and the other was a Deputy Superintendent of Police. (They will hereinafter be referred to as "the appellants".) The offences alleged against the appellants in the complaint are those under Sections 166, 167, 176, 201,219, 220, 342, 417 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC for short) read with












































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































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Judicial Analysis

[No cases identified as bad law. None of the excerpts contain explicit language indicating that any case has been overruled, reversed, abrogated, criticized, questioned, or otherwise treated as invalid or bad law. All references appear affirmative or neutral.]

The vast majority of cases referencing "Patel v. State of Gujarat" (various citations including (2000) 6 SCC 195, AIR 2000 SC 3346, 2000 (7) JT (SC) 246, etc., across IDs like [SWARN MANJAL VS STATE OF UTTAR PRADESH - 2000 0 Supreme(All) 980, Unnikrishnan VS Alikutty - 2000 0 Supreme(Ker) 415, Sushil Ranjan Nath VS Satya Brata Dey and Ors. - 2001 0 Supreme(Gau) 155, Sushil Ranjan Nath and Others v. Satyabrata Dey and Others - 2001 Supreme(Online)(Gau) 5, Bhaskar Industries LTD. VS Bhiwani Denim And Apparels LTD. - 2001 6 Supreme 339, Bhaskar Industries Ltd. VS Bhiwani Denim & Apparels Ltd. - Dishonour Of Cheque (2001), Bhaskar Industries Ltd. VS Bhiwani Denim and Apparels Ltd. - 2001 0 Supreme(Ori) 280, Bhaskar Industries Ltd. VS Bhiwani Denim & Apparels Ltd. - 2001 6 Supreme 339, Bhaskar Industries Ltd. VS Bhiwani Denim and Apparels Ltd. - 2001 0 Supreme(MP) 521, Sumit Bose @ Sumit Ranjan Bose VS State Of Bihar - 2002 0 Supreme(Pat) 682, Prahalad Singh VS Padma Jain - 2002 0 Supreme(Raj) 1743, SUDERSHAN LAL BHATIA VS STATE OF H. P. - 2003 0 Supreme(HP) 153, State Rep. By Inspector Of Police VS N. M. T. Joy Immaculate - 2004 4 Supreme 460, State Rep. by Inspector of Police VS N. M. T. Joy Immaculate - 2004 4 Supreme 460, Poonam Chand Jain VS Fazru - 2004 0 Supreme(Ori) 382, Poonam Chand Jain VS Fazru - 2004 7 Supreme 470, Poonam Chand Jain VS Fazru - 2004 7 Supreme 470, Poonam Chand Jain VS Fazru - 2004 0 Supreme(Raj) 1020, Nandlal VS State of Maharashtra - 2005 0 Supreme(MP) 230, Nandlal VS State of Maharashtra - 2005 0 Supreme(MP) 228, PRATAPBHAI PUNJABHAI ASARI VS STATE OF GUJARAT - 2005 0 Supreme(Guj) 186, V. K. Jain VS Pratap V. Padode - Crimes (2005), Mt. Ashutosh Singh VS Indushekhar Pd. Sinha, Shashi Nath Jha - 2006 0 Supreme(Pat) 1282, Jag Narain VS State of U. P. - 2009 0 Supreme(All) 2065, Jamuna Prasad Sinha VS State Of Bihar - 2009 0 Supreme(Pat) 827, R. C. Sabharwal VS Central Bureau of Investigation - 2010 0 Supreme(Del) 1, Vishalbhai Vallabhhai Madam VS State of Gujarat - 2011 0 Supreme(Guj) 524, Vishalbhai Vallabhhai Madan VS State of Gujarat - Crimes (2011), KANDHAL SARMAN JADEJA VS STATE OF GUJARAT - 2012 0 Supreme(Guj) 264, Atma Singh Bhullar VS State of Punjab - 2012 0 Supreme(P&H) 650, SANJIV R. BHATT VS STATE OF GUJARAT - 2012 0 Supreme(Guj) 341, Nitinbhai Mangubhai Patel VS State of Gujarat - 2013 0 Supreme(Guj) 746, Urmila Devi VS Yudhvir Singh - 2013 0 Supreme(SC) 982, M. Shivananda Bhoja Shetty VS Manipal Co-operative Bank Ltd. - 2015 0 Supreme(Kar) 362, Revanna S/o Hanumappa VS State of Karnataka by Shivamogga Rural Police Station - 2017 0 Supreme(Kar) 380, Piyeja Mohanbhai Maganbhai VS State of Gujarat - 2017 0 Supreme(Guj) 971, Girish Kumar Suneja VS C. B. I. - 2017 5 Supreme 466, Rapalle Krishna Murthy VS Uppalla Nagendramma - 2017 0 Supreme(AP) 817, S. Priya VS State - 2018 0 Supreme(Mad) 2746, Mohd Mubin Alias Raja VS State of U. P. - 2018 0 Supreme(All) 1601, Vivek Joy S/o Joy Joseph VS Chinchu Grace Lukose - 2018 0 Supreme(Ker) 441, In Re : Provision Of Section 14a Of Sc/St (Prevention Of Atrocities) Amendment Act, 2015 VS Nil - 2018 0 Supreme(All) 1308, STATE OF GUJARAT VS AFROZ MOHAMMED HASANFATTA - 2019 2 Supreme 333, Jai Kishan Sharma VS Union of India - 2019 0 Supreme(Gau) 1140, Tapsi Choudhary VS Union of India - 2019 0 Supreme(Jhk) 2040, Vikas Singh VS State of U. P. - 2019 0 Supreme(All) 1940, D. DEVARAJA VS OWAIS SABEER HUSSAIN - 2020 4 Supreme 735, Manoj Kumar Patel VS State of U. P. - 2020 0 Supreme(All) 944, Rajesh Kumar Jaiswal VS State Of Bihar - 2021 0 Supreme(Pat) 51, Vijay Mohan Prasad, S/o late Saryu Prasad VS State of Jharkhand - 2021 0 Supreme(Jhk) 183, Shyam Tiwari vs The State Of Madhya Pradesh - 2021 Supreme(Online)(MP) 4692, J. Jareena Begum VS K. S. Krishnan - 2021 0 Supreme(Mad) 2335, Renuka Devi VS State Represented by the Inspector of Police, East Police Station, Pollachi - 2022 0 Supreme(Mad) 166, Irfan Pasha, S/o. Abdul Majeeb VS State of Karnataka, Through National Investigation Agency, Bangalore, Rep. by SPP - 2022 0 Supreme(Kar) 120, Arjunsinh Dahyaji Vanzara VS State Of Gujarat - 2022 0 Supreme(Guj) 883, Honnaiah T. H. VS State of Karnataka - 2022 7 Supreme 406, Gaurav Raheja VS State Of Punjab - 2022 0 Supreme(P&H) 806, M. S. Faneesha, S/o M. R. Srinivasa Murthy VS State Of Karnataka - 2023 0 Supreme(Kar) 165, MANISH vs THE STATE OF MADHYA PRADESH - 2023 Supreme(Online)(MP) 18839, Smritee Ojha @ Smriti Ojha @ Smritee @ Smrite VS State of Jharkhand - 2023 0 Supreme(Jhk) 1219, P. Udaya Bhaskara Reddy VS Sreepada Real Estates and Developers Hyderabad - 2024 0 Supreme(AP) 1347, Shailesh Kumar, Son of Govind Prasad vs State of Bihar - 2025 Supreme(Online)(Pat) 1325, Shailesh Kumar, Son of Govind Prasad vs State of Bihar - 2025 Supreme(Online)(Pat) 1325, - 2025 Supreme(Online)(Pat) 1132, Sanjay Paswan, Son Of Sri Kailash Paswan vs State of Bihar - 2025 0 Supreme(Pat) 747, Laxmi Devi @ Suman Devi vs The State of Bihar - 2025 Supreme(Online)(Pat) 1391] : These entries consistently cite the case with affirmative language such as "this Court stated thus:", "held as follows:", "quoted with approval para 11", "relied on", "referred to and relied upon", "it will be in order to state and declare the legal position as under", or direct reproduction of holdings on interlocutory orders, revision maintainability, and process issuance. This indicates the case is followed, approved, or applied as good law in subsequent decisions.]

R. C. Sabharwal VS CBI - Crimes (2010) : Discusses revision maintainability under Prevention of Corruption Act, referencing inherent powers and constitutional provisions. No explicit treatment signal, but context aligns with procedural discussions in Patel cases; categorized here as neutral/consistent but not directly citing Patel.

[R. UPADHYAYA VS STATE OF UTTAR PRADESH - 2008 0 Supreme(All) 1228, Sheela Kumar W/o Arvind Prasad VS State Of Bihar Through Vigilance - 2009 0 Supreme(Pat) 443] : These reference Patel v. State of Gujarat alongside other cases (e.g., State of Haryana, Madhu Limaye) in lists of precedents on similar points like interlocutory orders, without distinguishing language. Treated as part of supportive precedent cluster.

[P. P. Unnikrishnan VS Puttiyottil Alikutty - 2000 6 Supreme 103, P. P Unnikrishnan VS Puttiyottil Alikutty - 2000 6 Supreme 103] : Brief excerpts mentioning "Patel & Anr. v. State of Gujarat & Anr." with numbers like "16" or "5.", lacking context on treatment (e.g., no "held", "relied", or quotes). Could be citations or lists; treatment unclear.

[State Of Maharashtra VS Narhar Rao - 1966 0 Supreme(SC) 100, Virupaxappa Veerappa Kadampur VS State Of Mysore - 1962 0 Supreme(SC) 357, State Of Maharashtra VS Atma Ram - 1966 0 Supreme(SC) 99] : These appear to be standalone holdings on police acts under Bombay Police Act (e.g., "The acceptance of bribe by a police officer is not an act done under the colour of his office"). No citations to or from other cases in the excerpts; no treatment indicators. Possibly distinct from Patel line; treatment ambiguous due to isolation.

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