SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
R.S. PATHAK, CJI., S. NATARAJAN, J.
Smt. Prakash Mehra, Appellant
Versus
K. L. Malhotra, Respondent.
Civil Appeal No. 3119 of 1984
Decided on 27-4-1989.
Pay arrears of rent - Application for ejectment - Appellant let out premises in suit to respondent on rent being stipulated as payable in advance - With effect from the rent payable was per month - Contractual tenancy was determined by notice - Respondent received a notice calling upon him to pay arrears of rent - Rent in fact had been received and when the notice of demand was served on respondent rent for months had fallen due - Rent was payable in advance - Respondent offered a bank draft of sum to the appellant - Appellant refused to accept it - Two days later, respondent sent same bank draft by registered post - Appellant received the bank draft and retained it - Appellant wrote to respondent informing him that his tender was not valid - Respondent sent another bank draft to the landlady, and this draft again was neither encashed nor returned - Appellant filed an application for ejectment out of which the present appeal arises - After filing the application for ejectment, appellant informed respondent that both the bank drafts sent by him were lying uncashed – Held, It is urged before us by learned counsel for the appellant that contemplates the payment or tender of whole of the arrears of rent legally recoverable from the tenant on date when the demand notice is sent including the rent which has accrued after service of the demand notice - When the notice was sent, rent for the months had become due, and as two months was given for payment of the arrears, it would include also the rent which had accrued during the said period of two months - Court are not satisfied that there is substance in the contention - Arrears of rent envisaged are the arrears demanded by the notice for payment of arrears of rent - Arrears due cannot be extended to rent which has fallen due after service of the notice of demand - In this case, two bank drafts representing arrears of rent covered by notice of demand had been tendered within two months of date of service of the notice of demand - High Court is right in the view taken by it - Court are not satisfied that the construction placed by B. C. Misra, J. in Jag Ram Nathu Ram v. Surinder Kumar S.A.0. No. 52 decided - Appeal dismissed.
JUDGMENT
PATHAK, CJI.:— This is a landladys appeal by special leave arising out of proceedings for the ejectment of the respondent- tenant.
2. The appellant let out the premises in suit to the respondent on I September, 1962, the rent being stipulated as payable in advance. With effect from 1 January 1972 the rent payable was Rs. 515/- per month. On 29 November 1972, the contractual tenancy was determined by notice. The respondent received a notice on 7 May 1976 calling upon him to pay the arrears of rent. The rent in fact had been received upto 31 March 1976 and, therefore, when the notice of demand was served on the respondent rent for the months of April and May 1976 had fallen due. The rent was payable in advance.
3. On 13 May 1976, the respondent offered a bank draft of Rs. 515/- to the appellant. The appellant refused to accept it. Two days later, the respondent sent the same bank draft by registered post. The appellant received the bank draft and retained it. On 7 June 1976, the appellant wrote to the respondent informing him that his tender was was not valid. On 11 June, 1976, the respondent sent another bank draft for Rs. 515/- to the landlady, and this draft again was neither encashed nor returned.
4. On 2 August 1976, the appellant filed an application for ejectment out of which the present appeal arises. After filing the application for ejectment, the appellant informed the respondent that both the bank drafts sent by him were lying uncashed.
5. The Additional Controller, Delhi, dismissed the eviction petition holding that the tenant was not in default. The Rent Control Tribunal, Delhi, noted that the rent was payable in advance in accordance with the agreement between the parties, that the respondent had earlier enjoyed the benefit of section 14(2) of the Act, that when the notice of demand was served on 7 May, 1976 the arrears of rent for the months of April and May,1976 had arisen, that the bank draft sent on 13 May 1976 related to the rent of April 1976 only, that as the rent for the month of May 1976 had also become due but had not been tendered, the landlady was justified in not accepting the tender, and that when the respondent against sent a draft on 11 June 1976 to cover the rent for the month of May 1976 the rent for the month of June 1976 had also fallen due but was not tendered. Holding that the respondent had not tendered the arrears of rent due up-to-date within two months of the notice of demand, the Tribunal held that the ground of non-payment of rent stood established. The Tribunal noted that the rent had not been paid for the months of April, May and June 1976 in advance for each month and, therefore, the respondent had committed three consecutive defaults. That being so, the Tribunal observed, the respondent was not entitled to the benefit of S. 14(2) again.
6. In second appeal, the High Court reversed the decision of the Rent Control Tribunal and dismissed the application ejectment upon the finding that the notice demanding the arrears of rent related to the months of April and May 1976, and as one draft had been sent on 13 May 1976 and another on 11 June 1976 representing a total of two months rent, and as this rent had been paid within two months of the service of notice of demand, it must be taken that the rent due at the time of the service of notice of demand had been tendered by the respondent to the appellant. The High Court proceeded on the view that S. 14(l)(a) of the Act made out a ground for eviction only where the tenant had neither paid nor tendered the whole of the arrears of rent legally recoverable from him within two months of the date on which a notice of demand for the arrears of rent was served on him by the landlord, the arrears being the rent due on the date of the notice. In this case, the High-Court said, as the notice called for payment of the arrears due for the months of April and May 1976 and the bank drafts were tendered within the period indicated in the notice, the no
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