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1989 Supreme(SC) 456

SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
M.N. VENKATACHALIAH AND K.N. SAIKIA, JJ.
Pandurang Ramchandra Mandlik (since deceased by his Lrs.) and another, Appellants
Versus
Smt. Shantabai Ramchandra Ghatge and others, Respondents.
Civil Appeal No. 1582 of 1973
Decided on 12-9-1989.

Advocates:
C.K.Suchitra, S.B.Bhasme, V.N.GANPULE

Headnote:EXPRESSION “HEARD AND FINALLY DECIDED”

       - it is true that this section is now made applicable by the Explanations and interpretation to certain proceedings giving more extensive meaning to the word “suit”. In its comprehensive sense the word “suit” is understood to apply to any proceeding in a court of justice by which an individual pursues that remedy which the law affords. The modes of proceedings may be various but that if a right is litigated between the parties in a court of justice the proceeding by which the decision of the court is sought may be suit. But if the proceeding is of summary nature not falling within the definition of a suit, it may not be so treated for the purpose of Section 11.

       The expression “heard and finally decided” in Section 11 means a matter on which the court has exercised its judicial mind and has after argument and consideration came to a decision on a contested matter. It is essential that it should have been heard and finally decided. What operates as res judicata is the ratio of what is fundamental to the decision but it cannot be ramnified or expanded by logical extension.

       In the case of Pandurang Ramchandra Mandlik v. Smt. Shantabai Ghatge, AIR 1989 SC 2240, there could arise no question of res judicata to the trial court in referring issues which were to be exclusively determined by a competent authority under the Bombay Tenancy and Agriculture Lands Act. Nor should arise any such question of res judicata in the competent authority deciding those issues when referred to by the trial court.

JUDGMENT

SAIKIA, J.:— This plaintiffs appeal by special leave is from the judgment of the High Court of Bombay in Second Appeal No. 983 of 1966 setting aside the judgment of the courts below and remanding the case to the trial court for hearing with a direction to refer the issue regarding tenancy to the tenancy authorities.

2. The appellants are the owners of land bearing R. S. Nos. 1442 and 1445, situate at kasba Karvir, within the municipal limits of Kolhapur. The said land was leased out to the father of respondent Nos. 1 and 2 and the husband of respondent Nos. 3 and 4 on October 12, 1950 for a period of ten years. The appellants had filed Revision Civil Suit No. 298 of 1964 against the respondents for possession thereof, mesne profits and for damages. It was averred in the plaint that the appellants had earlier initiated proceedings under the Bombay Tenancy and Agricultural Lands Act, 1948, hereinafter referred to as the Act, and in the said proceedings it was held that the provisions of the Act were not applicable to the land inasmuch as only grass grew thereon naturally. It was further averred that on expiry of the period of lease the appellants terminated the tenancy under the provisions of the Land Revenue Code and filed the aforementioned suit. The respondent Nos. 1& 2 contested the suit contending, inter alia, that the civil court had no jurisdiction inasmuch as the Act was applicable to the land; and that they having not been in wrongful possession thereof, the notice of termination was invalid. The learned trial court tried the issues regarding the applicability of the Act, jurisdiction of the civil court, and estoppel, out of the issues framed, as preliminary issues and by order dated March 16, 1965 fixed the date for hearing of the other issues and on that date the respondent Nos. 1 & 2 being absent, after recording the appellants evidence, by Judgment dated July 17, 1965 decreed the suit in favour of the appellants. The respondents appeal therefrom having been dismissed by the District Judge, they took Second Appeal No. 983 of 1966 to the High Court of Bombay, and the learned single Judge has set aside the judgment of the trial Court as affirmed by the lower appellate court, and remanded the case back to the trial court with a direction that it should raise the necessary issues on the pleadings of the parties and should make a reference to the competent authority under S. 85A of the Act with respect to those issues which are required to be decided by the competent authority under the Act and on receipt of the findings, dispose of the suit according to law. The appellants application for leave to appeal under the Letters Patent having been rejected by the High Court, they have obtained special leave to appeal.

3. Mr. S. B. Bhasme, the learned counsel for the appellants submits, inter alia, that the appellants application under S. 29(2) read with S. 25(2) of the Act, being case No. 184 of 1962-63 having been dismissed by the tenancy authorities on the ground that only natural grass grew thereon therefore the authority had no jurisdiction to deliver possession thereof under S. 29(2) of the Act, that finding should act as res judicata, wherefore, remitting of the case by the High Court to the trial court for hearing and deciding after making a reference to the competent authority, under S. 85A of the Act with respect to those issues which are required to be decided by the competent authority under the Act, would be barred; and that in the facts and circumstances of the case the civil court itself has jurisdiction to decide the issues which have been directed to be referred to the civil court.

4. Mrs. C. K. Sucharita, the learned counsel for the respondents submits that under S. 85A in a civil suit involving any issues which are required to be decided or dealt with by any authority competent to settle or decide such issues under the Act, the civil court is to settle the issues and refer those to such competent authori
























































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