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2021 Supreme(SC) 262

S. A. BOBDE, A. S. BOPANNA, V. RAMASUBRAMANIAN
Rakesh Vaishnav – Appellant
Versus
Union of India – Respondent


Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner:Mr. K. Parameshwar, AOR, Mr. V. Mukunda, Adv., Ms. A. Sregurupriya, Adv., Mr. Sukumar Pattjoshi, Sr. Adv., Mr. K.K.L. Gautam, Adv., Mr. Vijendra Kasana, Adv., Mr. A.K. Suman, Adv., Mr. Manoj Sharma, Adv., Mr. Sandeep Kumar Singh, Adv., Mr. Sanjeev Malhotra, AOR, Mr. Vivek K. Tankha, Sr. Adv., Mr. Varun Tankha, Adv., Mr. Sumeer Sodhi, AOR, Mr. Prashant Sivarajan, Adv., Mr. Ujjawal Anand Sharma, Adv., Ms. Jhanvi Dubey, Adv., Ms. Suditi Batra, Adv., Mr. Hussain Ali, Adv., Mr. P. Wilson, Sr. Adv., Mr. D. Kumanan, AOR, Mr. Richardson Wilson, Adv., Mr. M. Shoeb Alam, Adv., Ms. Fauzia Shakil, AOR, Mr. Manohar Lal Sharma, Petitioner-In-Person, Mr. Harish N. Salva, Sr. Adv., Mr. Deepak Goel, AOR, Mr. Kamal Kumar Pandey, Adv., Mr. Vipin Kumar, Adv., Ms. Madhuri Gupta, Adv., Petitioner-In-Person, Mr. Vikas Singh, Sr. Adv., Mr. Reepak Kansal, Adv., Ms. Deepieka Kalia, Adv., Mr. Arun Adlakha, Adv., Mr. Kuldeep Roy, Adv., Mr./Ms. Harisha S.R., AOR, Mr. Omprakash Ajitsingh Parihar, AOr, Mr. Dushyant Tiwari, Adv., Mr. Yudhvir Dalal, Adv., Mr. S. Muthukrishnan, Adv., Mr. S. Mahendran, AOR, Petitioner-In-Person.
For the Respondent: Mr. K.K. Venugopal, Ld. AG, Mr. Tushar Mehta, Ld. SG, Mr. K.M. Nataraj, Ld. ASG, Mr. Kanu Agrawal, Adv., Ms. Suhasini Sen, Adv., Mr. Chinmayee Chandra, Adv., Mr. Ankur Talwar, Adv., Ms. Vanshaja Shukla, Adv., Mr. Shyam Gopal, Adv., Mr. Raj Bahadur Yadav, AOR, Ms. Archana Pathak Dave, AOR, Mr. Ajay Choudhary, AOR, Mr. Chirag M. Shroff, AOR, Mr. Tushar Mehta, Ld. SG, Ms. Garima Prashad, AOR, Mr. Subodh Kumar Pathak, Adv., Mr. P. Chidambaram, Sr. Adv., Mr. Atul Nanda, Ag. Punjab, Ms. Uttara Babbar, AOR, Ms. Bhavana Duhoon, Adv., Mr. Manan Bansal, Adv., Mr. B.V. Balaram Das, AOR, Mr. Prashant Bhushan, AOR, (Not Joined VC), Mr. M.P. Devnath, AOR, Mr. Vivek Sharma, Adv., Mr. Abhishek Anand, Adv., Mr. Abir Roy, Adv., Mr. Ishaan Saran, Adv., Mr. Vivek Pandey, Adv., Mr. P.S. Narsimha, Sr. Adv., Mr. Ekansh Mishra, AOR, Ms. Swati Vaibhav, AOR, Mr. V. Chitambaresh, Sr. Adv., Mr. Ravindra Sadanand Chingale, AOR, Mr. Ashish Sonawane, Adv., Mr. Rahul Mehra, Adv., Mr. Chirag M. Shroff, AOR, Ms. Abhilasha Bharti, Adv., Mr. Sushant Dogra, Adv., Mr. A.P. Singh, Adv., Mr. V.P. Singh, Adv., Ms. Geeta Singh, Adv., Ms. Richa Singh, Adv., Mr. Sharwan Kumar Goyal, Adv., Mr. Sadashiv, AOR, Mrs. Revathy Raghavan, AOR, Mr. Ajay Bansal Adv. AAG, Haryana, Mr. Gaurav Yadava, Adv., Mr. Sanjay Kumar Visen, AOR, Mr. Tushar Mehta, Ld. SG, Mr. Anil Grover, Sr. AAG, Ms. Noopur Singhal, Adv., Mr. Rahul Khurana, Adv., Mr. Satish Kumar, Adv., Mr. Sanjay Kumar Visen, AOR, Mr. V. Shekhar, Sr. Adv., Mr. Rajeev Kumar Dubey, Adv., Ms. Sheetal Rajput, Adv., Mr. Ashiwan Mishra, Adv., Mr. Kamlendra Mishra, AOR, Mr. Sridhar Potaraju, Adv., Mr. Gaichangpou Gangmei, Adv., Mr. Mukunda Rao, Adv., Ms. Shiwani Tushir, Adv., Ms. Ushasri, Adv., Mr. Vishnu Tulashi Menon, Adv.

ORDER :

1. Applications for impleadment and intervention are allowed.

2. We have before us, three categories of petitions, all revolving around the validity or otherwise of three laws namely: (1) Farmers’ Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Act, 2020; (2) Essential Commodities (Amendment) Act, 2020; and (3) Farmers (Empowerment and Protection) Agreement on Price Assurance and Farm Services Act, 2020, (hereinafter referred to as the ‘farm laws’), and the protest by farmers against these laws.

3. One category of petitions challenge the constitutional validity of the farm laws. Included within this category of petitions, is a petition under Article 32 challenging the validity of the Constitution (Third Amendment) Act, 1954, by which Entry 33 was substituted in List III (concurrent list) in the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution, enabling the Central Government also to legislate on a subject which was otherwise in the State List.

4. Another category of petitions are those which support the farm laws on the ground that they are constitutionally valid and also beneficial to the farmers. The third category of petitions are those filed by individuals who are residents of

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